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Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Qingchun Yang
    • Guodong Huang
    • Chi Lu
    • Zhang Lei
    • Hongda Lu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Oncology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 2
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    Published online on: October 30, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2911
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Abstract

The secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1B (SAR1B) is a member of the ADP‑ribosylation factor (Arf) subfamily of small GTPases. It participates in various physiological activities, such as protein transport, lipid metabolism and stress response of cells by regulating the formation of coat protein complex II (COPII) vesicles. Moreover, SAR1B is an important link in the transduction of tumor cell signaling pathways [for example, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR), Wnt/β‑catenin]. In the present article, the structure and basic function of SAR1B, as well as the research progress of SAR1B in tumor cell substance transport and metabolism, stress autophagy regulation and tumor signaling pathway, were reviewed. In addition, approaches to rationally utilizing the different functions of SAR1B in different physiological and pathological environments to achieve effective inhibition of tumor cell growth, proliferation and migration, were discussed. Furthermore, a theoretical basis for the use of SAR1B as a new target for tumor therapy was provided.
View Figures

Figure 1

Schematic diagram of the SAR1B gene
structure. SAR1B, secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1B; ER,
endoplasmic reticulum.

Figure 2

Schematic diagram of the synthesis of
COPII coat protein complex at the endoplasmic reticulum exit sites
mediated by SAR1B. COPII, coat protein complex II; SAR1B, secretion
associated Ras related GTPase 1B; ERES, endoplasmic reticulum exit
sites.

Figure 3

At the endoplasmic reticulum exit
sites, membrane apposition with the ERGIC triggers the formation of
COPII vesicles, which serve as templates for the formation of
autophagosome membrane precursor components. ER, endoplasmic
reticulum; ERGIC, ER-Golgi intermediate compartment; COPII, coat
protein complex II; ERES, ER exit sites.

Figure 4

WNT is secreted via the SAR1B pathway
and participates in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. SAR1B,
secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1B; ERES, ER exit
sites.

Figure 5

SAR1B acts as a leucine sensor and
participates in the regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway by
influencing the conformation of GATOR2. SAR1B, secretion associated
Ras related GTPase 1B; GATOR2, GAP activity towards Rags 2.
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Spandidos Publications style
Yang Q, Huang G, Lu C, Lei Z and Lu H: Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 24: 2, 2026.
APA
Yang, Q., Huang, G., Lu, C., Lei, Z., & Lu, H. (2026). Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 24, 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2911
MLA
Yang, Q., Huang, G., Lu, C., Lei, Z., Lu, H."Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24.1 (2026): 2.
Chicago
Yang, Q., Huang, G., Lu, C., Lei, Z., Lu, H."Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24, no. 1 (2026): 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2911
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Yang Q, Huang G, Lu C, Lei Z and Lu H: Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 24: 2, 2026.
APA
Yang, Q., Huang, G., Lu, C., Lei, Z., & Lu, H. (2026). Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 24, 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2911
MLA
Yang, Q., Huang, G., Lu, C., Lei, Z., Lu, H."Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24.1 (2026): 2.
Chicago
Yang, Q., Huang, G., Lu, C., Lei, Z., Lu, H."Advances in the basic function of the small GTPase SAR1B and its regulatory role in the biological behavior of tumor cells (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24, no. 1 (2026): 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2911
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