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Article

TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

  • Authors:
    • Nozomu Murayama
    • Minehiko Inomata
    • Daisuke Furukawa
    • Moe Hashizume
    • Naoki Takata
    • Zenta Seto
    • Kotaro Tokui
    • Seisuke Okazawa
    • Shingo Imanishi
    • Toshiro Miwa
    • Ryuji Hayashi
    • Kohji Takagi
    • Kenichi Hirabayashi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: First Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama 930‑0194, Japan, Department of Medical Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama 930‑0194, Japan, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930‑0194, Japan
  • Article Number: 11
    |
    Published online on: November 28, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2920
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Abstract

Thyroid transcription factor‑1 (TTF‑1) expression has been associated with the prognosis of patients with non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy; however, it has also been suggested that there is no such link. The present study analyzed the association of TTF‑1 expression, evaluated using a cocktail antibody (TTF‑1/napsin A; clone, SPT24/TMU‑Ad02), with survival after the initiation of ICI therapy in patients with EGFR/ALK wild‑type non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer receiving first‑line treatment with ICI monotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy. A total of 49 patients were enrolled to the present study. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model showed that TTF‑1 expression was associated with progression‑free survival (PFS) after the initiation of treatment with ICI monotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy (hazard ratio: 0.18, 95% confidence interval: 0.06‑0.54). Subset analysis showed that the TTF‑1‑positive group exhibited significantly longer PFS than the negative group in both the ICI monotherapy (median PFS, 17.6 months vs. 2.9 months, P<0.001, log‑rank test) and chemoimmunotherapy (median PFS, 10.4 months vs. 5.2 months, P=0.021, log‑rank test) groups. In conclusion, the current study observed an association between TTF‑1 expression evaluated using a cocktail antibody and the effectiveness of treatment with ICI monotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy.
View Figures

Figure 1

Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS and OS
after initiating the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor
therapy. (A) PFS and (B) OS. Blue line: Patients with
TTF-1-positive tumors; red line: Patients with TTF-1-negative
tumors. OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival;
TTF-1, thyroid transcription factor-1.

Figure 2

Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS after
initiating the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
(A) Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy.
(B) Patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy. Blue line: Patients
with TTF-1-positive tumors; red line: Patients with TTF-1-negative
tumors. PFS, progression-free survival; TTF-1, thyroid
transcription factor-1.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Murayama N, Inomata M, Furukawa D, Hashizume M, Takata N, Seto Z, Tokui K, Okazawa S, Imanishi S, Miwa T, Miwa T, et al: TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Mol Clin Oncol 24: 11, 2026.
APA
Murayama, N., Inomata, M., Furukawa, D., Hashizume, M., Takata, N., Seto, Z. ... Hirabayashi, K. (2026). TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 24, 11. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2920
MLA
Murayama, N., Inomata, M., Furukawa, D., Hashizume, M., Takata, N., Seto, Z., Tokui, K., Okazawa, S., Imanishi, S., Miwa, T., Hayashi, R., Takagi, K., Hirabayashi, K."TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24.2 (2026): 11.
Chicago
Murayama, N., Inomata, M., Furukawa, D., Hashizume, M., Takata, N., Seto, Z., Tokui, K., Okazawa, S., Imanishi, S., Miwa, T., Hayashi, R., Takagi, K., Hirabayashi, K."TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24, no. 2 (2026): 11. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2920
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Murayama N, Inomata M, Furukawa D, Hashizume M, Takata N, Seto Z, Tokui K, Okazawa S, Imanishi S, Miwa T, Miwa T, et al: TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Mol Clin Oncol 24: 11, 2026.
APA
Murayama, N., Inomata, M., Furukawa, D., Hashizume, M., Takata, N., Seto, Z. ... Hirabayashi, K. (2026). TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 24, 11. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2920
MLA
Murayama, N., Inomata, M., Furukawa, D., Hashizume, M., Takata, N., Seto, Z., Tokui, K., Okazawa, S., Imanishi, S., Miwa, T., Hayashi, R., Takagi, K., Hirabayashi, K."TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24.2 (2026): 11.
Chicago
Murayama, N., Inomata, M., Furukawa, D., Hashizume, M., Takata, N., Seto, Z., Tokui, K., Okazawa, S., Imanishi, S., Miwa, T., Hayashi, R., Takagi, K., Hirabayashi, K."TTF‑1 expression is associated with survival in patients with non‑squamous non‑small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 24, no. 2 (2026): 11. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2920
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