Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
2014-April Volume 9 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
2014-April Volume 9 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture

  • Authors:
    • Kohei Akiyoshi
    • Minori Kamada
    • Nobutake Akiyama
    • Masafumi Suzuki
    • Michiko Watanabe
    • Kouki Fujioka
    • Keiichi Ikeda
    • Shuichi Mizuno
    • Yoshinobu Manome
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan, Institute of DNA Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan, Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan, Department of Pathology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan, Institute of DNA Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0862, Japan, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
  • Pages: 1359-1364
    |
    Published online on: February 7, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.1939
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma is an intractable carcinoma originating from the bile duct epithelium. To gain an understanding of the cell biology of cholangiocarcinoma, in vitro cell culture is valuable. However, well‑characterized cell lines are limited. In the present study, the morphology of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line was analyzed by three‑dimensional culture. Dispersed TK cells were injected into a gelatin mesh scaffold and cultivated for 3‑20 days. The morphology of the TK cells was investigated by phase‑contrast microscopy, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TK cells were observed to proliferate three-dimensionally in the scaffold. The cells exhibited a globoid structure and attached to the scaffold. The SEM observation demonstrated typical microvilli and plicae on the surface of the structure. Light microscopy and TEM confirmed intercellular and cell‑to‑scaffold attachment in the three‑dimensional mesh. The culture also exhibited the formation of a duct-like structure covered by structured microvilli. In conclusion, three‑dimensional culture of TK cells demonstrated the morphological characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma in vitro. Production of high levels of carbohydrate antigen (CA)19‑9, CA50 and carcinoembryonic antigen was previously confirmed in the TK cell line. As a characteristic morphology was demonstrated in the present study, the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line may be useful as an experimental model for further study of cholangiocarcinoma.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Faris JE and Zhu AX: Targeted therapy for biliary tract cancers. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 19:326–336. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Valle J, Wasan H, Palmer DH, et al: Cisplatin plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine for biliary tract cancer. N Engl J Med. 362:1273–1281. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Gores GJ: Cholangiocarcinoma: current concepts and insights. Hepatology. 37:961–969. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Khan SA, Davidson BR, Goldin RD, et al: Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: an update. Gut. 61:1657–1669. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Rustagi T and Dasanu CA: Risk factors for gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma: similarities, differences and updates. J Gastrointest Cancer. 43:137–147. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Kubo S, Nakanuma Y, Takemura S, et al: Case series of 17 patients with cholangiocarcinoma among young adult workers of a printing company in Japan. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. Jan 13–2014.(Epub ahead of print).

7 

Kumagai S, Kurumatani N, Arimoto A and Ichihara G: Cholangiocarcinoma among offset colour proof-printing workers exposed to 1,2-dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane. Occup Environ Med. 70:508–510. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Meng F, Henson R, Lang M, et al: Involvement of human micro-RNA in growth and response to chemotherapy in human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Gastroenterology. 130:2113–2129. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Mott JL, Kobayashi S, Bronk SF and Gores GJ: mir-29 regulates Mcl-1 protein expression and apoptosis. Oncogene. 26:6133–6140. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Pignochino Y, Sarotto I, Peraldo-Neia C, et al: Targeting EGFR/HER2 pathways enhances the antiproliferative effect of gemcitabine in biliary tract and gallbladder carcinomas. BMC Cancer. 10:6312010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Saito S, Ghosh M, Morita K, Hirano T, Miwa M and Todoroki T: The genetic differences between gallbladder and bile duct cancer cell lines. Oncol Rep. 16:949–956. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Selaru FM, Olaru AV, Kan T, et al: MicroRNA-21 is overexpressed in human cholangiocarcinoma and regulates programmed cell death 4 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3. Hepatology. 49:1595–1601. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Watanabe M, Chigusa M, Takahashi H, Nakamura J, Tanaka H and Ohno T: High level of CA19-9, CA50, and CEA-producible human cholangiocarcinoma cell line changes in the secretion ratios in vitro or in vivo. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 36:104–109. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Mizuno S and Glowacki J: Three-dimensional composite of demineralized bone powder and collagen for in vitro analysis of chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts. Biomaterials. 17:1819–1825. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Mizuno S and Glowacki J: Chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts by demineralized bone in three-dimensional culture. Exp Cell Res. 227:89–97. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Yates KE, Mizuno S and Glowacki J: Early shifts in gene expression during chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res. 265:203–211. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Mizuno S, Allemann F and Glowacki J: Effects of medium perfusion on matrix production by bovine chondrocytes in three-dimensional collagen sponges. J Biomed Mater Res. 56:368–375. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Manome Y, Saeki N, Yoshinaga H, Watanabe M and Mizuno S: A culture device demonstrates that hydrostatic pressure increases mRNA of RGS5 in neuroblastoma and CHC1-L in lymphocytic cells. Cells Tissues Organs. 174:155–161. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Mizuno S, Tateishi T, Ushida T and Glowacki J: Hydrostatic fluid pressure enhances matrix synthesis and accumulation by bovine chondrocytes in three-dimensional culture. J Cell Physiol. 193:319–327. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Mizuno S and Glowacki J: Low oxygen tension enhances chondroinduction by demineralized bone matrix in human dermal fibroblasts in vitro. Cells Tissues Organs. 180:151–158. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Manome Y, Mizuno S, Akiyama N, et al: Three-dimensional cell culture of glioma and morphological comparison of four different human cell lines. Anticancer Res. 30:383–389. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Pampaloni F, Reynaud EG and Stelzer EH: The third dimension bridges the gap between cell culture and live tissue. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 8:839–845. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Noel MS and Hezel AF: New and emerging treatment options for biliary tract cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 6:1545–1552. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

24 

de Marsh RW, Alonzo M, Bajaj S, et al: Comprehensive review of the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract cancer 2012. Part I: diagnosis-clinical staging and pathology. J Surg Oncol. 106:332–338. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

25 

Patel T: Cholangiocarcinoma. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 3:33–42. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Farley DR, Weaver AL and Nagorney DM: ‘Natural history’ of unresected cholangiocarcinoma: patient outcome after noncurative intervention. Mayo Clin Proc. 70:425–429. 1995.

27 

Jarnagin WR and Shoup M: Surgical management of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis. 24:189–199. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Malhi H and Gores GJ: Review article: the modern diagnosis and therapy of cholangiocarcinoma. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 23:1287–1296. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Henson DE, Albores-Saavedra J and Corle D: Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts. Histologic types, stage of disease, grade, and survival rates. Cancer. 70:1498–1501. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Ben-Menachem T: Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 19:615–617. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Lazaridis KN and Gores GJ: Cholangiocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 128:1655–1667. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Kleinman HK and Jacob K: Invasion assays. Curr Protoc Cell Biol. Chapter 12(Unit 12.2)2001.

33 

Kleinman HK and Martin GR: Matrigel: basement membrane matrix with biological activity. Semin Cancer Biol. 15:378–386. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Marques MM, Martins MD and França CM: Effect of Matrigel on adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line differentiation. Int J Exp Pathol. 87:405–410. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

de Ridder L, Cornelissen M and de Ridder D: Autologous spheroid culture: a screening tool for human brain tumour invasion. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 36:107–122. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

36 

Kunz-Schughart LA, Kreutz M and Knuechel R: Multicellular spheroids: a three-dimensional in vitro culture system to study tumour biology. Int J Exp Pathol. 79:1–23. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Kleinman HK, Philp D and Hoffman MP: Role of the extracellular matrix in morphogenesis. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 14:526–532. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Manome Y, Furuhata H, Hashimoto A, et al: Application of therapeutic insonation to malignant glioma cells and facilitation by echo-contrast microbubbles of levovist. Anticancer Res. 29:235–242. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Akiyoshi K, Kamada M, Akiyama N, Suzuki M, Watanabe M, Fujioka K, Ikeda K, Mizuno S and Manome Y: Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture. Mol Med Rep 9: 1359-1364, 2014.
APA
Akiyoshi, K., Kamada, M., Akiyama, N., Suzuki, M., Watanabe, M., Fujioka, K. ... Manome, Y. (2014). Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture. Molecular Medicine Reports, 9, 1359-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.1939
MLA
Akiyoshi, K., Kamada, M., Akiyama, N., Suzuki, M., Watanabe, M., Fujioka, K., Ikeda, K., Mizuno, S., Manome, Y."Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture". Molecular Medicine Reports 9.4 (2014): 1359-1364.
Chicago
Akiyoshi, K., Kamada, M., Akiyama, N., Suzuki, M., Watanabe, M., Fujioka, K., Ikeda, K., Mizuno, S., Manome, Y."Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture". Molecular Medicine Reports 9, no. 4 (2014): 1359-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.1939
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Akiyoshi K, Kamada M, Akiyama N, Suzuki M, Watanabe M, Fujioka K, Ikeda K, Mizuno S and Manome Y: Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture. Mol Med Rep 9: 1359-1364, 2014.
APA
Akiyoshi, K., Kamada, M., Akiyama, N., Suzuki, M., Watanabe, M., Fujioka, K. ... Manome, Y. (2014). Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture. Molecular Medicine Reports, 9, 1359-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.1939
MLA
Akiyoshi, K., Kamada, M., Akiyama, N., Suzuki, M., Watanabe, M., Fujioka, K., Ikeda, K., Mizuno, S., Manome, Y."Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture". Molecular Medicine Reports 9.4 (2014): 1359-1364.
Chicago
Akiyoshi, K., Kamada, M., Akiyama, N., Suzuki, M., Watanabe, M., Fujioka, K., Ikeda, K., Mizuno, S., Manome, Y."Morphological study of the TK cholangiocarcinoma cell line with three-dimensional cell culture". Molecular Medicine Reports 9, no. 4 (2014): 1359-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.1939
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team