Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 10 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 10 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Qiujun Liu
    • Xinli Shi
    • Xianyao Zhou
    • Da Wang
    • Li Wang
    • Changlong Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China, Research Center of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Hospital, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
  • Pages: 625-630
    |
    Published online on: June 3, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2296
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Atg7 is an autophagy‑related gene, and is involved in two ubiquitin‑like conjugation systems in the process of autophagy. It is well established that 3‑methyladenine (3Ma) is an autophagy inhibitor. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of autophagy inhibition on the cell viability and cell cycle progression of human breast cancer cells. MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with high glucose, then divided into six groups. The six groups included the three fundamental groups as follows: The control group (untreated); the starvation group (high‑glucose DMEM replaced with glucose‑free minimal essential medium); and the starvation 3Ma group (maintained in glucose‑free culture medium and treated with the autophagy inhibitor 3Ma). The three fundamental groups were further divided into Atg7 siRNA‑transfected and non‑transfected groups. The cell viability and apoptosis of each group was determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The results of the current study demonstrated that Atg7 deficiency alone had no statically significant effect on the cell viability of MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells, while 3Ma reduced the cell viability and its effect was potentiated by Atg7 deficiency. Atg7 deficiency was more intense than 3Ma in the promotion of apoptosis and cell arrest in G0/G1‑phase in the absence of glucose and its effect was reduced by 3Ma. In conclusion, 3Ma and Atg7 may be involved in different pathways in the process of autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy may influence the cell viability and cell cycle through different pathways in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Ahn JH and Lee M: Autophagy-dependent survival of mutant B-raf melanoma cells selected for resistance to apoptosis induced by inhibitors against oncogenic B-raf. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 21:114–120. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Guo JY, Karsli-Uzunbas G, Mathew R, Aisner SC, Kamphorst JJ, Strohecker AM, Chen G, Price S, Lu W, Teng X, et al: Autophagy suppresses progression of K-ras-induced lung tumors to oncocytomas and maintains lipid homeostasis. Genes Dev. 27:1447–1461. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Zhu L, Du H, Shi M, Chen Z and Hang J: ATG7 deficiency promote apoptotic death induced by Cisplatin in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Bull Cancer. 100:15–21. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

4 

Shen J, Zheng H, Ruan J, Fang W, Li A, Tian G, Niu X, Luo S and Zhao P: Autophagy inhibition induces enhanced proapoptotic effects of ZD6474 in glioblastoma. Br J Cancer. 109:164–171. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Tong Y, You L, Liu H, Li L, Meng H, Qian Q and Qian W: Potent antitumor activity of oncolytic adenovirus expressing Beclin-1 via induction of autophagic cell death in leukemia. Oncotarget. 4:860–874. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Basit F, Cristofanon S and Fulda S: Obatoclax (GX15-070) triggers necroptosis by promoting the assembly of the necrosome on autophagosomal membranes. Cell Death Differ. 20:1161–1173. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Yue W, Hamaï A, Tonelli G, Bauvy C, Nicolas V, Tharinger H, Codogno P and Mehrpour M: Inhibition of the autophagic flux by salinomycin in breast cancer stem-like/progenitor cells interferes with their maintenance. Autophagy. 9:714–729. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Kumar S, Kumar A, Pathania AS, Guru SK, Jada S, Sharma PR, Bhushan S, Saxena AK, Kumar HM and Malik F: Tiron and trolox potentiate the autophagic cell death induced by magnolol analog Ery5 by activation of Bax in HL-60 cells. Apoptosis. 18:605–617. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Park JH, Lee JE, Lee SJ, Park SJ, Park KH, Jeong M and Koh HC: Potential autophagy enhancers protect against fipronil-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Lett. 223:25–34. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Qu W, Xiao J, Zhang H, Chen Q, Wang Z, Shi H, Gong L, Chen J, Liu Y, Cao R and Lv J: B19, a novel monocarbonyl analogue of curcumin, induces human ovarian cancer cell apoptosis via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the autophagy signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci. 9:766–777. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Polewska J, Skwarska A, Augustin E and Konopa J: DNA-damaging imidazoacridinone C-1311 induces autophagy followed by irreversible growth arrest and senescence in human lung cancer cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 346:393–405. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Wei YM, Li X, Xu M, Abais JM, Chen Y, Riebling CR, Boini KM, Li PL and Zhang Y: Enhancement of autophagy by simvastatin through inhibition of Rac1-mTOR signaling pathway in coronary arterial myocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem. 31:925–937. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Ye L, Zhao X, Lu J, Qian G, Zheng JC and Ge S: Knockdown of TIGAR by RNA interference induces apoptosis and autophagy in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 437:300–306. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Sheng Y, Sun B, Guo WT, Zhang YH, Liu X, Xing Y and Dong DL: 3-Methyladenine induces cell death and its interaction with chemotherapeutic drugs is independent of autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 432:5–9. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Lei FR, Li XQ, Liu H, Zhu RD, Meng QY and Rong JJ: Rapamycin and 3-methyladenine regulate apoptosis and autophagy in bone-derived endothelial progenitor cells. Chin Med J (Engl). 125:4076–4082. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Lin YC, Kuo HC, Wang JS and Lin WW: Regulation of inflammatory response by 3-methyladenine involves the coordinative actions on Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β rather than autophagy. J Immunol. 189:4154–4164. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Chang TK, Shravage BV, Hayes SD, Powers CM, Simin RT, Wade Harper J and Baehrecke EH: Uba1 functions in Atg7- and Atg3-independent autophagy. Nat Cell Biol. 15:1067–1078. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Qin Z, Xue J, He Y, Ma H, Jin G, Chen J, Hu Z, Liu X and Shen H: Potentially functional polymorphisms in ATG10 are associated with risk of breast cancer in a Chinese population. Gene. 527:491–495. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Balmer D, Emery M, Andreux P, Auwerx J, Ginet V, Puyal J, Schorderet DF and Roduit R: Autophagy defect is associated with low glucose-induced apoptosis in 661W photoreceptor cells. PLoS One. 8:e741622013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Ramírez-Peinado S, León-Annicchiarico CL, Galindo-Moreno J, Iurlaro R, Caro-Maldonado A, Prehn JH, Ryan KM and Muñoz-Pinedo C: Glucose-starved cells do not engage in prosurvival autophagy. J Biol Chem. 288:30387–30398. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

21 

Pliyev BK and Menshikov M: Differential effects of the autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and chloroquine on spontaneous and TNF-α-induced neutrophil apoptosis. Apoptosis. 17:1050–1065. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Tseng HC, Liu WS, Tyan YS, Chiang HC, Kuo WH and Chou FP: Sensitizing effect of 3-methyladenine on radiation-induced cytotoxicity in radio-resistant HepG2 cells in vitro and in tumor xenografts. Chem Biol Interact. 192:201–208. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Wu YT, Tan HL, Shui G, Bauvy C, Huang Q, Wenk MR, Ong CN, Codogno P and Shen HM: Dual role of 3-methyladenine in modulation of autophagy via different temporal patterns of inhibition on class I and III phosphoinositide 3-kinase. J Biol Chem. 285:10850–10861. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu Q, Shi X, Zhou X, Wang D, Wang L and Li C: Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 10: 625-630, 2014.
APA
Liu, Q., Shi, X., Zhou, X., Wang, D., Wang, L., & Li, C. (2014). Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 10, 625-630. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2296
MLA
Liu, Q., Shi, X., Zhou, X., Wang, D., Wang, L., Li, C."Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 10.2 (2014): 625-630.
Chicago
Liu, Q., Shi, X., Zhou, X., Wang, D., Wang, L., Li, C."Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 10, no. 2 (2014): 625-630. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2296
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu Q, Shi X, Zhou X, Wang D, Wang L and Li C: Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 10: 625-630, 2014.
APA
Liu, Q., Shi, X., Zhou, X., Wang, D., Wang, L., & Li, C. (2014). Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 10, 625-630. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2296
MLA
Liu, Q., Shi, X., Zhou, X., Wang, D., Wang, L., Li, C."Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 10.2 (2014): 625-630.
Chicago
Liu, Q., Shi, X., Zhou, X., Wang, D., Wang, L., Li, C."Effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability and cell cycle progression in MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 10, no. 2 (2014): 625-630. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2296
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team