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Article

Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation

  • Authors:
    • Thaneswary Yogarajah
    • Yvonne-Tee Get Bee
    • Rahmah Noordin
    • Khoo Boon Yin
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Pages: 515-520
    |
    Published online on: October 16, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2686
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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptors (PPARs) in visceral adipose tissue, as well as serum adipokine levels, in Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were fed either a normal (control rats) or excessive (experimental rats) intake of food for 8 or 16 weeks, then sacrificed, at which time visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, as well as blood samples, were collected. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARs in the visceral adipose tissues were determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, the levels of adipokines in the serum samples were determined using commercial ELISA kits. The results revealed that at 8 weeks, the mass of subcutaneous adipose tissue was higher than that of the visceral adipose tissue in the experimental rats, but the reverse occurred at 16 weeks. Furthermore, at 16 weeks the experimental rats exhibited an upregulation of PPARγ mRNA and protein expression levels in the visceral adipose tissues, and significant increases in the serum levels of CCL2 and interleukin (IL)-6 were observed, compared with those measured at 8 weeks. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the PPARγ expression level was likely correlated with serum levels of CCL2 and IL-6, molecules that may facilitate visceral adipose tissue accumulation. In addition, the levels of the two adipokines in the serum may be useful as surrogate biomarkers for the expression levels of PPARγ in accumulated visceral adipose tissues.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yogarajah T, Bee YG, Noordin R and Yin KB: Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation. Mol Med Rep 11: 515-520, 2015.
APA
Yogarajah, T., Bee, Y.G., Noordin, R., & Yin, K.B. (2015). Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation. Molecular Medicine Reports, 11, 515-520. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2686
MLA
Yogarajah, T., Bee, Y. G., Noordin, R., Yin, K. B."Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11.1 (2015): 515-520.
Chicago
Yogarajah, T., Bee, Y. G., Noordin, R., Yin, K. B."Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11, no. 1 (2015): 515-520. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2686
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yogarajah T, Bee YG, Noordin R and Yin KB: Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation. Mol Med Rep 11: 515-520, 2015.
APA
Yogarajah, T., Bee, Y.G., Noordin, R., & Yin, K.B. (2015). Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation. Molecular Medicine Reports, 11, 515-520. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2686
MLA
Yogarajah, T., Bee, Y. G., Noordin, R., Yin, K. B."Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11.1 (2015): 515-520.
Chicago
Yogarajah, T., Bee, Y. G., Noordin, R., Yin, K. B."Increased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ expression levels in visceral adipose tissue, and serum CCL2 and interleukin-6 levels during visceral adipose tissue accumulation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11, no. 1 (2015): 515-520. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2686
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