Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
February-2015 Volume 11 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
February-2015 Volume 11 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation

  • Authors:
    • Ruilong Song
    • Xuezhong Liu
    • Jiaqiao Zhu
    • Qian Gao
    • Qichao Wang
    • Jiaming Zhang
    • Dong Wang
    • Laiyang Cheng
    • Di  Hu
    • Yan Yuan
    • Jianhong Gu
    • Zongping Liu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1153-1159
    |
    Published online on: October 30, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2817
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Macrophages, a type of immune cell, are the precursors of osteoclasts, and have important roles in bone remodeling and the immune system. In the present study, the RAW264.7 cell line was used as a macrophage model in order to study the macrophage changes during osteoclastogenesis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony‑stimulating factor (M‑CSF) induce the formation of osteoclasts from several precursor cells. Observation of RAW264.7 macrophage osteoclastogenesis under the induction of RANKL and M‑CSF revealed that except the few RAW264.7 macrophages that were differentiated into osteoclasts, almost all undifferentiated RAW264.7 macrophages underwent apoptosis. BRL‑3A cells have no differentiation ability, and RANKL and M‑CSF treatments did not induce BRL‑3A cell apoptosis. When osteoprotegerin (OPG) was used to completely inhibit the differentiation of RAW264.7 macrophages to osteoclasts, apoptosis did not occur amongst the RAW264.7 macrophages despite the action of RANKL and M‑CSF. Rac1, RhoA and RhoV are apoptosis‑associated genes in the Rho guanosine triphosphate (GTP)ase family. Their expression levels were detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). During the process of osteoclast differentiation, the mRNA expression of RhoV was significantly upregulated, while apoptosis occurred in a large proportion of macrophages. However, when macrophage apoptosis was inhibited by OPG, RhoV expression was significantly downregulated. Conversely, Rac1 and RhoA expression did not vary in correspondence with the apoptotic rate of the RAW264.7 macrophages. In conclusion, differentiation of RAW264.7 macrophages into osteoclasts resulted in their apoptosis. OPG inhibited RAW264.7 macrophage differentiation into osteoclasts, and thereby inhibited the apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages. RhoV mediated the apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages during osteoclast differentiation.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Husheem M, Nyman JK, Vääräniemi J, Vaananen HK and Hentunen TA: Characterization of circulating human osteoclast progenitors: development of in vitro resorption assay. Calcif Tissue Int. 76:222–230. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Boyle WJ, Simonet WS and Lacey DL: Osteoclast differentiation and activation. Nature. 423:337–342. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Väänänen HK and Laitala-Leinonen T: Osteoclast lineage and function. Arch Biochem Biophys. 473:132–138. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Teitelbaum SL: Bone resorption by osteoclasts. Science. 289:1504–1508. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Väänänen HK, Zhao H, Mulari M and Halleen JM: The cell biology of osteoclast function. J Cell Sci. 113:377–381. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Jansen ID, Vermeer JA, Bloemen V, Stap J and Everts V: Osteoclast fusion and fission. Calcif Tissue Int. 90:515–522. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Yasuda H, Shima N, Nakagawa N, et al: Osteoclast differentiation factor is a ligand for osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis-inhibitory factor and is identical to TRANCE/RANKL. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:3597–3602. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Lacey DL, Timms E, Tan HL, et al: Osteoprotegerin ligand is a cytokine that regulates osteoclast differentiation and activation. Cell. 93:165–176. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Hofbauer LC, Kühne CA and Viereck V: The OPG/RANKL/RANK system in metabolic bone diseases. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 4:268–275. 2004.PubMed/NCBI

10 

Khosla S: Minireview: the OPG/RANKL/RANK system. Endocrinology. 142:5050–5055. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Song R, Gu J, Liu X, et al: Inhibition of osteoclast bone resorption activity through osteoprotegerin-induced damage of the sealing zone. Int J Mol Med. 34:856–862. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Singh PP, van der Kraan AG, Xu J, Gillespie MT and Quinn JM: Membrane-bound receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) activity displayed by osteoblasts is differentially regulated by osteolytic factors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 422:48–53. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Wang J, Chen TY, Qin S, Duan Y and Wang G: Inhibitory effect of metformin on bone metastasis of cancer via OPG/RANKL/RANK system. Med Hypotheses. 81:805–806. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Shiotani A, Takami M, Itoh K, Shibasaki Y and Sasaki T: Regulation of osteoclast differentiation and function by receptor activator of NFκB ligand and osteoprotegerin. Anat Rec. 268:137–146. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Liu Z, Xu J, EL and Wang D: Ultrasound enhances the healing of orthodontically induced root resorption in rats. Angle Orthod. 82:48–55. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Fu YX, Gu JH, Zhang YR, Tong XS, Zhao HY, Yuan Y, Liu XZ, Bian JC and Liu ZP: Influence of osteoprotegerin on differentiation, activation, and apoptosis of Gaoyou duck embryo osteoclasts in vitro. Poult Sci. 92:1613–1620. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Li CH, Zhao JX, Sun L, Yao ZQ, Deng XL, Liu R and Liu XY: AG490 inhibits NFATc1 expression and STAT3 activation during RANKL induced osteoclastogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 435:533–539. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Robertson Remen KM, Gustafsson JÅ and Andersson G: The liver X receptor promotes macrophage differentiation and suppresses osteoclast formation in mouse RAW264.7 promyelocytic leukemia cells exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 430:375–380. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Sinningen K, Rauner M, Goettsch C, Al-Fakhri N, Schoppet M and Hofbauer LC: Monocytic expression of osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) is induced in atherosclerotic mice and regulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 437:314–318. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Song RL, Liu XZ, Zhu JQ, et al: New roles of filopodia and podosomes in the differentiation and fusion process of osteoclasts. Genet Mol Res. 13:4776–4787. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Etienne-Manneville S and Hall A: Rho GTPases in cell biology. Nature. 420:629–635. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Coxon FP and Rogers MJ: The role of prenylated small GTP-binding proteins in the regulation of osteoclast function. Calcif Tissue Int. 72:80–84. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Vega FM and Ridley AJ: SnapShot: Rho family GTPases. Cell. 129:14302007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Nakamura H, Hirata A, Tsuji T and Yamamoto T: Role of osteoclast extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in cell survival and maintenance of cell polarity. J Bone Miner Res. 18:1198–1205. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Wang N, Robaye B, Agrawal A, Skerry TM, Boeynaems JM and Gartland A: Reduced bone turnover in mice lacking the P2Y(13) receptor of ADP. Mol Endocrinol. 26:142–152. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Fukuda A, Hikita A, Wakeyama H, Akiyama T, Oda H, Nakamura K and Tanaka S: Regulation of osteoclast apoptosis and motility by small GTPase binding protein Rac1. J Bone Miner Res. 20:2245–2253. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Shepelev MV, Chernoff J and Korobko IV: Rho family GTPase Chp/RhoV induces PC12 apoptotic cell death via JNK activation. Small GTPases. 2:17–26. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Chamoux E, Houde N, L’Eriger K and Roux S: Osteoprotegerin decreases human osteoclast apoptosis by inhibiting the TRAIL pathway. J Cell Physiol. 216:536–542. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Schindler AE: Climacteric symptoms and hormones. Gynecol Endocrinol. 22:151–154. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Blair HC, Robinson LJ and Zaidi M: Osteoclast signalling pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 328:728–738. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Syed F and Khosla S: Mechanisms of sex steroid effects on bone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 328:688–696. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Stolberg M: From the ‘climacteric disease’ to the ‘male climacteric’ The historical origins of a modern concept. Maturitas. 58:111–116. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Rollenhagen C and Asin SN: Enhanced HIV-1 replication in ex vivo ectocervical tissues from post-menopausal women correlates with increased inflammatory responses. Mucosal Immunol. 4:671–681. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Breuil V, Ticchioni M, Testa J, et al: Immune changes in post-menopausal osteoporosis: the Immunos study. Osteoporos Int. 21:805–814. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Ambrogini E, Toraldo G and Marcocci C: Post-menopausal osteoporosis: is it an autoimmune disease? J Endocrinol Invest. 28:43–47. 2005.

36 

Li F, Jiang Q, Shi KJ, Luo H, Yang Y and Xu CM: RhoA modulates functional and physical interaction between ROCK1 and Erk1/2 in selenite-induced apoptosis of leukaemia cells. Cell Death Dis. 4:e7082013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Ullah I, Lee HY, Kim MJ, Shah SA, Badshah H, Kim TH, Chung HJ, Yang BC and Kim MO: Rho GTPase activating protein 15 (arhGAP15) siRNA effect apoptosis-induced by ethanol in bovine fibroblast cells. Pak J Pharm Sci. 26:605–610. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Song R, Liu X, Zhu J, Gao Q, Wang Q, Zhang J, Wang D, Cheng L, Hu D, Yuan Y, Yuan Y, et al: RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation. Mol Med Rep 11: 1153-1159, 2015.
APA
Song, R., Liu, X., Zhu, J., Gao, Q., Wang, Q., Zhang, J. ... Liu, Z. (2015). RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation. Molecular Medicine Reports, 11, 1153-1159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2817
MLA
Song, R., Liu, X., Zhu, J., Gao, Q., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, D., Cheng, L., Hu, D., Yuan, Y., Gu, J., Liu, Z."RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11.2 (2015): 1153-1159.
Chicago
Song, R., Liu, X., Zhu, J., Gao, Q., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, D., Cheng, L., Hu, D., Yuan, Y., Gu, J., Liu, Z."RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11, no. 2 (2015): 1153-1159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2817
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Song R, Liu X, Zhu J, Gao Q, Wang Q, Zhang J, Wang D, Cheng L, Hu D, Yuan Y, Yuan Y, et al: RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation. Mol Med Rep 11: 1153-1159, 2015.
APA
Song, R., Liu, X., Zhu, J., Gao, Q., Wang, Q., Zhang, J. ... Liu, Z. (2015). RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation. Molecular Medicine Reports, 11, 1153-1159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2817
MLA
Song, R., Liu, X., Zhu, J., Gao, Q., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, D., Cheng, L., Hu, D., Yuan, Y., Gu, J., Liu, Z."RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11.2 (2015): 1153-1159.
Chicago
Song, R., Liu, X., Zhu, J., Gao, Q., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, D., Cheng, L., Hu, D., Yuan, Y., Gu, J., Liu, Z."RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation". Molecular Medicine Reports 11, no. 2 (2015): 1153-1159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2817
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team