Association between the ABCC11 gene polymorphism and the expression of apolipoprotein D by the apocrine glands in axillary osmidrosis

Zhu,Zhechen; Zhang,Hongwei; Luo,Guanghua; Xu,Ning; Pan,Zhonglan

doi:10.3892/mmr.2015.3274

June-2015 Volume 11 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

June-2015 Volume 11 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Article

Association between the ABCC11 gene polymorphism and the expression of apolipoprotein D by the apocrine glands in axillary osmidrosis

Authors:
- Zhechen Zhu
- Hongwei Zhang
- Guanghua Luo
- Ning Xu
- Zhonglan Pan
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China, Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China, Section of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund S‑221 85, Sweden
Pages: 4463-4467
|
Published online on: January 29, 2015

https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3274
Expand metrics +

Abstract

It has been suggested that the adenosine triphosphate‑binding cassette sub‑family C member 11 (ABCC11) gene polymorphism and apolipoprotein D (ApoD), an odor precursor carrier, may be important in the formation of axillary odor. To date, few studies have examined the potential correlation between these two factors. The present study aimed to investigate the association between a 538 G>A single‑nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the ABCC11 gene and the mRNA expression levels of ApoD in the apocrine gland of patients with osmidrosis. The 538 G>A polymorphism genotypes of 33 patients with a clinical diagnosis of osmidrosis were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a base‑quenched probe method, and they were divided into two groups according to the results. The G allele functions as a dominant gene; therefore, patients with the GG or GA genotype were allocated to Group I (n=28) and patients with the AA genotype to Group II (n=5). The mRNA expression levels of ApoD in the apocrine glands were determined by reverse transcription‑PCR. The results indicated that the mRNA expression levels of ApoD were significantly higher in the apocrine glands of patients in Group I compared with those in Group II (P<0.01). In conclusion, the results indicated that the ABCC11 gene SNP of the 538 G>A allele was associated with a downregulation of the mRNA expression of ApoD in the apocrine glands, which may indicate a role for the ABCC11 gene in the mediation of osmidrosis by enhancing the transition of odor precursors via the ApoD pathway.

View Figures

View References

1	Bang YH, Kim JH, Paik SW, Park SH, Jackson IT and Lebeda R: Histopathology of apocrine bromhidrosis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 98:288–292. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Zeng X, Leyden JJ, Brand JG, Spielman AI, McGinley KJ and Preti G: An investigation of human apocrine gland secretion for axillary odor precursors. J Chem Ecol. 18:1039–1055. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Martin A, Saathoff M, Kuhn F, Max H, Terstegen L and Natsch A: A functional ABCC11 allele is essential in the biochemical formation of human axillary odor. J Invest Dermatol. 130:529–540. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar
4	Chen H, Li Y, Du J, Cao Y and Li X: Increased JNK1 activity contributes to the upregulation of ApoD in the apocrine secretory gland cells from axillary osmidrosis. Mol Cell Biochem. 354:311–316. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Havlicek J and Lenochova P: The effect of meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. Chem Senses. 31:747–752. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Penn DJ, Oberzaucher E, Grammer K, et al: Individual and gender fingerprints in human body odour. J R Soc Interface. 4:331–340. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Nakano M, Miwa N, Hirano A, Yoshiura K and Niikawa N: A strong association of axillary osmidrosis with the wet earwax type determined by genotyping of the ABCC11 gene. BMC Genet. 10:422009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Rassart E, Bedirian A, Do Carmo S, et al: Apolipoprotein D. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1482:185–198. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Zeng C, Spielman AI, Vowels BR, Leyden JJ, Biemann K and Preti G: A human axillary odorant is carried by apolipoprotein D. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:6626–6630. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Preti G and Leyden JJ: Genetic influences on human body odor: from genes to the axillae. J Invest Dermatol. 130:344–346. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Zheng L, Luo G, Zhang X, et al: A novel method of detecting mitochondrial m1494C>T and m1555A>G mutations in a single PCR reaction using base-quenched probe. Clin Chim Acta. 411:2114–2116. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Luo G, Zheng L, Zhang X, Zhang J, Nilsson-Ehle P and Xu N: Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms using base-quenched probe: a method does not invariably depend on the deoxyguanosine nucleotide. Anal Biochem. 386:161–166. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar
13	Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-delta delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar
14	Qian JG and Wang XJ: Effectiveness and complications of subdermal excision of apocrine glands in 206 cases with axillary osmidrosis. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 63:1003–1007. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar
15	Zeng X, Leyden JJ, Lawley HJ, Sawano K, Nohara I and Preti G: Analysis of characteristic odors from human male axillae. J Chem Ecol. 17:1469–1492. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Spielman AI, Zeng XN, Leyden JJ and Preti G: Proteinaceous precursors of human axillary odor: isolation of two novel odor-binding proteins. Experientia. 51:40–47. 1995.PubMed/NCBI
17	Inoue Y, Mori T, Toyoda Y, et al: Correlation of axillary osmidrosis to a SNP in the ABCC11 gene determined by the Smart Amplifcation Process (SmartAmp) method. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 63:1369–1374. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar
18	Appari M, Werner R, Wünsch L, et al: Apolipoprotein D (APOD) is a putative biomarker of androgen receptor function in androgen insensitivity syndrome. J Mol Med (Berl). 87:623–632. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar
19	Beier K, Ginez I and Schaller H: Localization of steroid hormone receptors in the apocrine sweat glands of the human axilla. Histochem Cell Biol. 123:61–65. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar
20	Santosa S and Jensen MD: Sex and sex steroids: impact on the kinetics of fatty acids underlying body shape. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 20:15–23. 2014.PubMed/NCBI
21	Tchernof A, Mansour MF, Pelletier M, et al: Updated survey of the steroid-converting enzymes in human adipose tissues. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 14. 147C:56–69. 2014.