Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
November-2015 Volume 12 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2015 Volume 12 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo

  • Authors:
    • Shiyou Chen
    • Lunan Liang
    • Ying Wang
    • Jianhun Diao
    • Chunxiong Zhao
    • Gang Chen
    • Yunfeng He
    • Chunli Luo
    • Xiaohou Wu
    • Yao Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China, Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing 400050, P.R. China, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 6727-6737
    |
    Published online on: August 20, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4230
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Novel therapeutic strategies to improve clinical efficacy in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are required. The possibility of combination therapy with Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) and recombinant interferon (IFN)‑α2b remains to be elucidated in RCC. The present study investigated the putative synergistic immunotherapeutic roles of LBP and IFN‑α2b against RCC in vitro and in vivo. The mouse RCC cell line, Renca, was used for in vitro experiments. Treatment of the cells with a combination of LBP and IFN‑α2b markedly inhibited cell proliferation, retarded cell cycle growth and promoted apoptosis in the Renca cells. Western blot analysis revealed that LBP and IFN‑α2b synergistically downregulated the expression levels of cyclin D1, c‑Myc and Bcl‑2, and upregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic protein, Bax. Myeloid‑derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were markedly upregulated during tumour progression and promoted tumour growth by inhibiting the T‑cell‑mediated immune response. In vivo, a marked reduction in the MDSC ratio and tumour volume was observed in a group receiving combined treatment with LBP and IFN‑α2b in a xenograft tumour model. In conclusion, the present study suggested that the combination of LBP and IFN‑α2b is likely to be more effective in treating murine RCC compared with the less pronounced immunotherapeutic effects of administering LBP or IFN-α2b alone.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Siegel R, Naishadham D and Jemal A: Cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 62:10–29. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Gupta K, Miller JD, Li JZ, Russell MW and Charbonneau C: Epidemiologic and socioeconomic burden of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): A literature review. Cancer Treat Rev. 34:193–205. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Karam JA, Rini BI, Varella L, Garcia JA, Dreicer R, Choueiri TK, Jonasch E, Matin SF, Campbell SC, Wood CG, et al: Metastasectomy after targeted therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Urol. 185:439–444. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Paly JJ, Hallemeier CL, Biggs PJ, Niemierko A, Roeder F, Martínez-Mong R, Whitson J, Calvo FA, Fastner G, Sedlmayer F, et al: Outcomes in a multi-institutional cohort of patients treated with intraoperative radiation therapy for advanced or recurrent renal cell carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 88:618–623. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Richey SL, Tamboli P, Ng CS, Lin E, Lim ZD, Araujo JC, Jonasch E, Sharma P, Pagliaro LC and Tannir NM: Phase II trial of pemetrexed plus gemcitabine in patients with locally advanced and metastatic nonclear cell renal cell carcinoma. Am J Clin Oncol. 36:450–454. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Athar U and Gentile TC: Treatment options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A review. Can J Urol. 15:3954–3966. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

7 

Milowsky MI and Nanus DM: Advanced renal cell carcinoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2:437–445. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Blanco AI, Teh BS and Amato RJ: Role of radiation therapy in the management of renal cell cancer. Cancers (Basel). 3:4010–4023. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Rini BI and Atkins MB: Resistance to targeted therapy in renal-cell carcinoma. Lancet Oncol. 10:992–1000. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Katakami N, Atagi S, Goto K, Hida T, Horai T, Inoue A, Ichinose Y, Koboyashi K, Takeda K, Kiura K, et al: LUX-Lung 4: a phase II trial of afatinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who progressed during prior treatment with erlotinib, gefitinib, or both. J Clin Oncol. 31:3335–3341. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Smolle E, Taucher V, Petru E and Haybaeck J: Targeted treatment of ovarian cancer–the multiple - kinase - inhibitor sorafenib as a potential option. Anticancer Res. 34:1519–1530. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Yang JC and Childs R: Immunotherapy for renal cell cancer. J Clin Oncol. 24:5576–5583. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Guenterberg KD, Lesinski GB, Mundy-Bosse BL, Karpa VI, Jaime-Ramirez AC, Wei L and Carson WE III: Enhanced anti-tumor activity of interferon-alpha in SOCS1-deficient mice is mediated by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 60:1281–1288. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Maeda S, Wada H, Naito Y, Nagano H, Simmons S, Kagawa Y, Naito A, Kikuta J, Ishii T, Tomimaru Y, et al: Interferon-α acts on the S/G2/M phases to induce apoptosis in the G1 phase of an IFNAR2-expressing hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. J Biol Chem. 289:23786–23795. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Liu X, Lu J, He ML, i Z, Zhang B, Zhou LH, Li Q, Li G, Wang L, Tian WD, et al: Antitumor effects of interferon-alpha on cell growth and metastasis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 12:561–570. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Motylewska E, Lawnicka H, Kowalewicz-Kulbat M, Sicinska P, Niedziela A, Melen-Mucha G and Stepien H: Interferon alpha and rapamycin inhibit the growth of pheochromocytoma PC12 line in vitro. Endokrynol Pol. 64:368–374. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Wolf B, Schwarzer A, Côté AL, Hampton TH, Schwaab T, Huarte E, Tomlinson CR, Gui J, Fisher JL, Fadul CE, et al: Gene expression profile of peripheral blood lymphocytes from renal cell carcinoma patients treated with IL-2, interferon-α and dendritic cell vaccine. PloS One. 7:e502212012. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Ljungberg B, Bensalah K, Canfield S, Dabestani S, Hofmann F, Hora M, Kuczyk MA, Lam T, Marconi L, Merseburger AS, Mulders P, Powles T, Staehler M, Volpe A and Bex A: EAU guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: 2014 update. Eur Urol. 67:913–924. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Dunn GP, Old LJ and Schreiber RD: The three Es of cancer immunoediting. Annu Rev Immunol. 22:329–360. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Marigo I, Dolcetti L, Serafini P, Zanovello P and Bronte V: Tumor-induced tolerance and immune suppression by myeloid derived suppressor cells. Immunol Rev. 222:162–179. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Gabrilovich DI and Nagaraj S: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol. 9:162–174. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Diaz-Montero M, Finke J and Montero AJ: Myeloid derived suppressor cells in cancer: Therapeutic, predictive, and prognostic implications. Semin Oncol. 41:174–184. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Zhao R, Li Q and Xiao B: Effect of Lycium barbarum polysac-charide on the improvement of insulin resistance in NIDDM rats. Yakugaku Zasshi. 125:981–988. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Li XM: Protective effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress in rats. Int J Biol Macromol. 40:461–465. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Chen Z, Kwong Huat Tan B and Chan SH: Activation of T lymphocytes by polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum L. Int Immunopharmacol. 8:1663–1671. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Gan L, Hua Zhang S, Liang Yang X and Bi Xu H: Immunomodulation and antitumor activity by a polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum. Int Immunopharmacol. 4:563–569. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Chen Z, Lu J, Srinivasan N, Tan BK and Chan SH: Polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum L. is a novel stimulus of dendritic cell immunogenicity. J Immunol. 182:3503–3509. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Miao Y, Xiao B, Jiang Z, Guo Y, Mao F, Zhao J, Huang X and Guo J: Growth inhibition and cell-cycle arrest of human gastric cancer cells by Lycium barbarum polysaccharide. Med Oncol. 27:785–790. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Zhang M, Chen H, Huang J, Li Z, Zhu C and Zhang S: Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on human hepatoma QGY7703 cells: Inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Life Sci. 76:2115–2124. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Booy S, van Eijck CH, Dogan F, van Koetsveld PM and Hofland LJ: Influence of type–I Interferon receptor expression level on the response to type-I Interferons in human pancreatic cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med. 18:492–502. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Shang D, Yang P, Liu Y, Song J, Zhang F and Tian Y: Interferon-α induces G1 cell-cycle arrest in renal cell carcinoma cells via activation of Jak-Stat signaling. Cancer Invest. 29:347–352. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Mao F, Xiao B, Jiang Z, Zhao J, Huang X and Guo J: Anticancer effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on colon cancer cells involves G0/G1 phase arrest. Med Oncol. 28:121–126. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Markowitz J, Luedke EA, Grignol VP, Hade EM, Paul BK, Mundy-Bosse BL, Brooks TR, Dao TV, Kondalasula SV, Lesinski GB, et al: A phase I trial of bortezomib and interferon-alpha-2b in metastatic melanoma. J Immunother. 37:55–62. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar :

34 

Zhu CP and Zhang SH: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide inhibits the proliferation of HeLa cells by inducing apoptosis. J Sci Food Agric. 93:149–156. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

McIntosh GG, Anderson JJ, Milton I, Steward M, Parr AH, Thomas MD, Henry JA, Angus B, Lennard TW and Horne CH: Determination of the prognostic value of cyclin D1 overexpression in breast cancer. Oncogene. 11:885–891. 1995.PubMed/NCBI

36 

Chen H, Tang L, Peng X, Luo Z, Luo S and Tan W: Effects of IFN-alpha combined with IL-6 on cell growth and related genes expression and apoptosis of bone marrow cells from CGL patients. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 21:341–344. 2000.In Chinese.

37 

Zitzmann K, Brand S, De Toni EN, Baehs S, Göke B, Meinecke J, Spöttl G, Meyer HH and Auernhammer CJ: SOCS1 silencing enhances antitumor activity of type I IFNs by regulating apoptosis in neuroendocrine tumor cells. Cancer Res. 67:5025–5032. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Nakashima A, Kumakura S, Mishima S, Ishikura H and Kobayashi S: IFN-alpha enhances TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis through downregulation of c-Myc protein expression in HL-60 cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 24:447–456. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

39 

He YL, Ying Y, Xu YL, Su JF, Luo H and Wang HF: Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on tumor microenvironment T-lymphocyte subsets and dendritic cells in H22-bearing mice. Chin Integr Med. 3:374–377. 2005.In Chinese. View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Luo Q, Li Z, Yan J, Zhu F, Xu RJ and Cai YZ: Lycium barbarum polysaccharides induce apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells and inhibits prostate cancer growth in a xenograft mouse model of human prostate cancer. J Med Food. 12:695–703. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Gan L, Wang J and Zhang S: Inhibition the growth of human leukemia cells by Lycium barbarum polysaccharide. J Hygiene Res. 30:333–335. 2001.In Chinese.

42 

Gómez-Benito M, Balsas P, Carvajal-Vergara X, Pandiella A, Anel A, Marzo I and Naval J: Mechanism of apoptosis induced by IFN-alpha in human myeloma cells: Role of Jak1 and Bim and potentiation by rapamycin. Cell Signal. 19:844–854. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Christiansson L, Söderlund S, Svensson E, Mustjoki S, Bengtsson M, Simonsson B, Olsson-Strömberg U and Loskog AS: Increased level of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, programmed death receptor ligand 1/programmed death receptor 1, and soluble CD25 in Sokal high risk chronic myeloid leukemia. PLoS One. 8:e558182013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Zoglmeier C, Bauer H, Nörenberg D, Wedekind G, Bittner P, Sandholzer N, Rapp M, Anz D, Endres S and Bourquin C: CpG blocks immunosuppression by myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice. Clin Cancer Res. 17:1765–1775. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Zhu J, Zhao LH and Chen Z: Stimulation by Lycium bararum polysaccharides of the maturation of dendritic cells in murine bone marrow. Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Journal of Zhejiang University. Med Sci. 35:648–652. 2006.In Chinese.

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chen S, Liang L, Wang Y, Diao J, Zhao C, Chen G, He Y, Luo C, Wu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, et al: Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 12: 6727-6737, 2015.
APA
Chen, S., Liang, L., Wang, Y., Diao, J., Zhao, C., Chen, G. ... Zhang, Y. (2015). Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo. Molecular Medicine Reports, 12, 6727-6737. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4230
MLA
Chen, S., Liang, L., Wang, Y., Diao, J., Zhao, C., Chen, G., He, Y., Luo, C., Wu, X., Zhang, Y."Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo". Molecular Medicine Reports 12.5 (2015): 6727-6737.
Chicago
Chen, S., Liang, L., Wang, Y., Diao, J., Zhao, C., Chen, G., He, Y., Luo, C., Wu, X., Zhang, Y."Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo". Molecular Medicine Reports 12, no. 5 (2015): 6727-6737. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4230
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chen S, Liang L, Wang Y, Diao J, Zhao C, Chen G, He Y, Luo C, Wu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, et al: Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 12: 6727-6737, 2015.
APA
Chen, S., Liang, L., Wang, Y., Diao, J., Zhao, C., Chen, G. ... Zhang, Y. (2015). Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo. Molecular Medicine Reports, 12, 6727-6737. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4230
MLA
Chen, S., Liang, L., Wang, Y., Diao, J., Zhao, C., Chen, G., He, Y., Luo, C., Wu, X., Zhang, Y."Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo". Molecular Medicine Reports 12.5 (2015): 6727-6737.
Chicago
Chen, S., Liang, L., Wang, Y., Diao, J., Zhao, C., Chen, G., He, Y., Luo, C., Wu, X., Zhang, Y."Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and interferon-α2b on the murine Renca renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo". Molecular Medicine Reports 12, no. 5 (2015): 6727-6737. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4230
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team