Extramedullary hematopoiesis: Elucidating the function of the hematopoietic stem cell niche (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Kouhei Yamamoto
    • Yukako Miwa
    • Shiho Abe‑Suzuki
    • Shinya Abe
    • Susumu Kirimura
    • Iichiroh Onishi
    • Masanobu Kitagawa
    • Morito Kurata
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 27, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4621
  • Pages: 587-591
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )


Abstract

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) occurs under various circumstances, including during embryonic/developmental periods, pathological status secondary to insufficient bone marrow function or ineffective hematopoiesis, in hematological disorders, for example malignancies, as well as stromal disorders of the bone. EMH is characterized by hematopoietic cell accumulations in multiple body locations. Common EMH locations observed in clinical and pathological practice include the spleen, liver, lymph nodes and para‑vertebral regions. Among the various organs associated with EMH, the spleen offers a unique site for evaluation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)/niche interactions, as this organ is one of the most common sites of EMH. However, the spleen does not have a major role in embryonic/developmental hematopoiesis. A recent study by our group revealed that circulating HSCs may be trapped by chemokine (C‑X‑C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12)‑positive cells at the margin of sinuses near CXCL12‑positive endothelial cells, resulting in the initiation of the first step of EMH, which is a similar mechanism to bone marrow hematopoiesis. The present review briefly discusses the environment of EMH in extramedullary spaces in order to investigate the mechanisms underlying HSC maintenance, and aid the elucidation of the niche‑stem cell interactions that occur in the bone marrow.
View Figures
View References

Related Articles

Journal Cover

January-2016
Volume 13 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

Sign up for eToc alerts

Recommend to Library

Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yamamoto K, Miwa Y, Abe‑Suzuki S, Abe S, Kirimura S, Onishi I, Kitagawa M and Kurata M: Extramedullary hematopoiesis: Elucidating the function of the hematopoietic stem cell niche (Review). Mol Med Rep 13: 587-591, 2016.
APA
Yamamoto, K., Miwa, Y., Abe‑Suzuki, S., Abe, S., Kirimura, S., Onishi, I. ... Kurata, M. (2016). Extramedullary hematopoiesis: Elucidating the function of the hematopoietic stem cell niche (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 587-591. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4621
MLA
Yamamoto, K., Miwa, Y., Abe‑Suzuki, S., Abe, S., Kirimura, S., Onishi, I., Kitagawa, M., Kurata, M."Extramedullary hematopoiesis: Elucidating the function of the hematopoietic stem cell niche (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 13.1 (2016): 587-591.
Chicago
Yamamoto, K., Miwa, Y., Abe‑Suzuki, S., Abe, S., Kirimura, S., Onishi, I., Kitagawa, M., Kurata, M."Extramedullary hematopoiesis: Elucidating the function of the hematopoietic stem cell niche (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 13, no. 1 (2016): 587-591. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4621