Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
February-2016 Volume 13 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
February-2016 Volume 13 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model

  • Authors:
    • Haiji Bo
    • Li Gao
    • Ying Chen
    • Jing Zhang
    • Minghua Zhu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathology, No. 455 Hospital of PLA, Shanghai 200052, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Bo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1163-1171
    |
    Published online on: December 4, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4642
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Wnt proteins are a group of secreted signaling proteins, which function to regulate cell fate and pattern formation during embryogenesis. Altered expression of Wnt5a has been implicated in human carcinogenesis and tumor progression. A previous study identified that Wnt5a is overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer tissues, and that upregulated expression of Wnt5a promotes tumor cell migration and invasion. The present study investigated the role of Wnt5a in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in an orthotopic nude mouse model. Wnt5a cDNA or small interfering RNA were stably transfected into pancreatic cancer cells to assess cell proliferation‑associated behaviors, including cell viability, colony formation and apoptosis in vitro, as well as tumor cell growth in an orthotopic nude mouse model. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression of Wnt signaling molecules. The data showed that upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a significantly promoted proliferation of the human pancreatic cells, but inhibited tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and promoted tumor growth in an orthotopic nude mouse model. By contrast, knockdown of the expression of Wnt5a inhibited cell growth and promoted apoptosis of the pancreatic cancer cells. The data also revealed that β‑catenin mediated the effects of Wnt5a on the regulation of pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis in vitro. These results suggested that Wnt5a is involved in the modulation of pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, and that Wnt5a may be a potential target for pancreatic cancer therapy.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Pandol S, Gukovskaya A, Edderkaoui M, Dawson D, Eibl G and Lugea A: Epidemiology, risk factors and the promotion of pancreatic cancer: Role of the stellate cell. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 27(Suppl 2): S127–S134. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Siegel R, Ma J, Zou Z and Jemal A: Cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 64:9–29. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Vincent A, Herman J, Schulick R, Hruban RH and Goggins M: Pancreatic cancer. Lancet. 378:607–620. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Maitra A, Kern SE and Hruban RH: Molecular pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 20:211–226. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Moore PS, Sipos B, Orlandini S, Sorio C, Real FX, Lemoine NR, Gress T, Bassi C, Klöppel G, Kalthoff H, et al: Genetic profile of 22 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Analysis of K-ras, p53, p16 and DPC4/Smad4. Virchows Arch. 439:798–802. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Li D, Xie K, Wolff R and Abbruzzese JL: Pancreatic cancer. Lancet. 363:1049–1057. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Logan CY and Nusse R: The Wnt signaling pathway in development and disease. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 20:781–810. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Qian D, Jones C, Rzadzinska A, Mark S, Zhang X, Steel K, Dai X and Chen P: Wnt5a functions in planar cell polarity regulation in mice. Dev Biol. 306:121–133. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Clevers H: Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in development and disease. Cell. 127:469–480. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Wong GT, Gavin BJ and McMahon AP: Differential transformation of mammary epithelial cells by Wnt genes. Mol Cell Biol. 14:6278–6286. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Fang DR, Lv ZF and Qiao G: Dynamic Wnt5a expression in murine hair follicle cycle and its inhibitory effects on follicular. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 7:285–288. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Maeda K, Kobayashi Y, Udagawa N, Uehara S, Ishihara A, Mizoguchi T, Kikuchi Y, Takada I, Kato S, Kani S, et al: Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling between osteoblast-lineage cells and osteoclast precursors enhances osteoclastogenesis. Nat Med. 18:405–412. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Christman MA 2nd, Goetz DJ, Dickerson E, McCall KD, Lewis CJ, Benencia F, Silver MJ, Kohn LD and Malgor R: Wnt5a is expressed in murine and human atherosclerotic lesions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 294:2864–2870. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Bakker ER, Das AM, Helvensteijn W, Franken PF, Swagemakers S, van der Valk MA, ten Hagen TL, Kuipers EJ, van Veelen W and Smits R: Wnt5a promotes human colon cancer cell migration and invasion but does not augment intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc1638N mice. Carcinogenesis. 34:2629–2638. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Trifa F, Karray-Chouayekh S, Jmal E, Jmaa ZB, Khabir A, Sellami-Boudawara T, Frikha M, Daoud J and Mokdad-Gargouri R: Loss of WIF-1 and Wnt5a expression is related to aggressiveness of sporadic breast cancer in Tunisian patients. Tumour Biol. 34:1625–1633. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Lee SE, Lim SD, Kang SY, Suh SB and Suh YL: Prognostic significance of Ror2 and Wnt5a expression in medulloblastoma. Brain Pathology. 23:445–453. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Bo H, Zhang S, Gao L, Chen Y, Zhang J, Chang X and Zhu M: Upregulation of Wnt5a promotes epithelial- to mesenchymal transition and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. BMC Cancer. 13:4962013. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Nishita M, Yoo SK, Nomachi A, Kani S, Sougawa N, Ohta Y, Takada S, Kikuchi A and Minami Y: Filopodia formation mediated by receptor tyrosine kinase Ror2 is required for Wnt5a-induced cell migration. J Cell Biol. 175:555–562. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Matsumoto S, Fumoto K, Okamoto T, Kaibuchi K and Kikuchi A: Binding of APC and dishevelled mediates Wnt5a-regulated focal adhesion dynamics in migrating cells. EMBO J. 29:1192–1204. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Yamamoto H, Kitadai Y, Yamamoto H, Oue N, Ohdan H, Yasui W and Kikuchi A: Laminin gamma2 mediates Wnt5a-induced invasion of gastric cancer cells. Gastroenterology. 137:242–252. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Lehtonen A, Ahlfors H, Veckman V, Miettinen M, Lahesmaa R and Julkunen I: Gene expression profiling during differentiation of human monocytes to macrophages or dendritic cells. J Leukoc Biol. 82:710–720. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Yamamoto H, Oue N, Sato A, Hasegawa Y, Yamamoto H, Matsubara A, Yasui W and Kikuchi A: Wnt5a signaling is involved in the aggressiveness of prostate cancer and expression of metalloproteinase. Oncogene. 29:2036–2046. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Huang CL, Liu D, Nakano J, Ishikawa S, Kontani K, Yokomise H and Ueno M: Wnt5a expression is associated with the tumor proliferation and the stromal vascular endothelial growth factor-an expression in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 23:8765–8773. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Kremenevskaja N, von Wasielewski R, Rao AS, Schöfl C, Andersson T and Brabant G: Wnt-5a has tumor suppressor activity in thyroid carcinoma. Oncogene. 24:2144–2154. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Ripka S, Konig A, Buchholz M, Wagner M, Sipos B, Kloppel G, Downward J, Gress T and Michl P: WNT5A-target of CUTL1 and potent modulator of tumor cell migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer. Carcinogenesis. 28:1178–1187. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Li J, Ying J, Fan Y, Wu L, Ying Y, Chan AT, Srivastava G and Tao Q: WNT5A antagonizes WNT/β-catenin signaling and is frequently silenced by promoter CpG methylation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther. 10:617–624. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Ying J, Li H, Yu J, Ng KM, Poon FF, Wong SC, Chan AT, Sung JJ and Tao Q: WNT5A exhibits tumor-suppressive activity through antagonizing the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, and is frequently methylated in colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 14:55–61. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Ying J, Li H, Chen YW, Srivastava G, Gao Z and Tao Q: WNT5A is epigenetically silenced in hematologic malignancies and inhibits leukemia cell growth as a tumor suppressor. Blood. 110:4130–4131. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Torii K, Nishizawa K, Kawasaki A, Yamashita Y, Katada M, Ito M, Nishimoto I, Terashita K, Aiso S and Matsuoka M: Anti-apoptotic action of Wnt5a in dermal fibroblasts is mediated by the PKA signaling pathways. Cell Signal. 20:1256–1266. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Jia L, Miao C, Cao Y and Duan EK: Effects of Wnt proteins on cell proliferation and apoptosis in HEK293 cells. Cell Biol Int. 32:807–813. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Almeida M, Han L, Bellido T, Manolagas SC and Kousteni S: Wnt proteins prevent apoptosis of both uncommitted osteoblast progenitors and differentiated osteoblasts by beta-catenin-dependent and -independent signaling cascades involving Src/ERK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT. J Biol Chem. 280:41342–41351. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Kim J, Kim DW, Chang W, Choe J, Kim J, Park CS, Song K and Lee I: Wnt5a is secreted by follicular dendritic cells to protect germinal center B cells via Wnt/Ca2+/NFAT/NF-κB-B cell lymphoma 6 signaling. J Immunol. 188:182–189. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Vuga LJ, Ben-Yehudah A, Kovkarova-Naumovski E, Oriss T, Gibson KF, Feghali-Bostwick C and Kaminski N: WNT5A is a regulator of fibroblast proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 41:583–589. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Liang H, Coles AH, Zhu Z, Zayas J, Jurecic R, Kang J and Jones SN: Noncanonical Wnt signaling promotes apoptosis in thymocyte development. J Exp Med. 204:3077–3084. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Peng S, Zhang J, Chen J and Wang H: Effects of Wnt5a protein on proliferation and apoptosis in JAR choriocarcinoma cells. Mol Med Report. 4:99–104. 2011.

36 

Umbhauer M, Djiane A, Goisset C, Penzo-Méndez A, Riou JF, Boucaut JC and Shi DL: The C-terminal cytoplasmic Lys-thr-X-X-X-Trp motif in frizzled receptors mediates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. EMBO J. 19:4944–4954. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Mikels AJ and Nusse R: Purified Wnt5a protein activates or inhibits beta-catenin-TCF signaling depending on receptor context. PLoS Biol. 4:e1152006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

van Amerongen R, Fuerer C, Mizutani M and Nusse R: Wnt5a can both activate and repress Wnt/β-catenin signaling during mouse embryonic development. Dev Biol. 369:101–114. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Wang L, Heidt DG, Lee CJ, Yang H, Logsdon CD, Zhang L, Fearon ER, Ljungman M and Simeone DM: Oncogenic function of ATDC in pancreatic cancer through Wnt pathway activation and beta-catenin stabilization. Cancer Cell. 15:207–219. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Kobayashi T, Shimura T, Yajima T, Kubo N, Araki K, Tsutsumi S, Suzuki H, Kuwano H and Raz A: Transient gene silencing of galectin-3 suppresses pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion through degradation of β-catenin. Int J Cancer. 129:2775–2786. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Bo H, Gao L, Chen Y, Zhang J and Zhu M: Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model. Mol Med Rep 13: 1163-1171, 2016.
APA
Bo, H., Gao, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., & Zhu, M. (2016). Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model. Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 1163-1171. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4642
MLA
Bo, H., Gao, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., Zhu, M."Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model". Molecular Medicine Reports 13.2 (2016): 1163-1171.
Chicago
Bo, H., Gao, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., Zhu, M."Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model". Molecular Medicine Reports 13, no. 2 (2016): 1163-1171. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4642
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Bo H, Gao L, Chen Y, Zhang J and Zhu M: Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model. Mol Med Rep 13: 1163-1171, 2016.
APA
Bo, H., Gao, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., & Zhu, M. (2016). Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model. Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 1163-1171. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4642
MLA
Bo, H., Gao, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., Zhu, M."Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model". Molecular Medicine Reports 13.2 (2016): 1163-1171.
Chicago
Bo, H., Gao, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., Zhu, M."Upregulation of the expression of Wnt5a promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in a nude mouse model". Molecular Medicine Reports 13, no. 2 (2016): 1163-1171. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4642
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team