Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
March-2016 Volume 13 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2016 Volume 13 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review

Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Rong‑Han Liu
    • Bin Ning
    • Xiao‑En Ma
    • Wei‑Ming Gong
    • Tang‑Hong Jia
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Spinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
  • Pages: 2359-2366
    |
    Published online on: January 29, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4834
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is a small, non-coding RNA which can regulate gene expression at the post‑transcriptional level. While the fibrogenic process is vital in tissue repair, proliferation and transition of fibrogenic cells combined with an imbalance of secretion and degradation of the extracellular matrix results in excessive tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Recent studies have indicated that miR‑21 is overexpressed during fibrosis and can regulate the fibrogenic process in a variety of organs and tissues via diverse pathways. The present review summarized the significant roles of miR-21 in fibrosis and discussed the underlying key pathways.
View Figures

Figure 1

View References

1 

Ambros V: The functions of animal microRNAs. Nature. 431:350–355. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Bartel DP: MicroRNAs: Genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell. 116:281–297. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Lee RC, Feinbaum RL and Ambros V: The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell. 75:843–854. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Reinhart BJ, Slack FJ, Basson M, Pasquinelli AE, Bettinger JC, Rougvie AE, Horvitz HR and Ruvkun G: The 21-nucleotide let-7 RNA regulates developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 403:901–906. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Lagos-Quintana M, Rauhut R, Lendeckel W and Tuschl T: Identification of novel genes coding for small expressed RNAs. Science. 294:853–858. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Lau NC, Lim LP, Weinstein EG and Bartel DP: An abundant class of tiny RNAs with probable regulatory roles in Caenorhabditis elegans. Science. 294:858–862. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Liu NK, Wang XF, Lu QB and Xu XM: Altered microRNA expression following traumatic spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol. 219:424–429. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhou J, Chaudhry H, Zhong Y, Ali MM, Perkins LA, Owens WB, Morales JE, McGuire FR, Zumbrun EE, Zhang J, et al: Dysregulation in microRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of sepsis patients is associated with immunopathology. Cytokine. 71:89–100. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Zhang W, Zhou T, Ma SF, Machado RF, Bhorade SM and Garcia JG: MicroRNAs implicated in dysregulation of gene expression following human lung transplantation. Transl Respir Med. 1:1–12. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Birbrair A, Zhang T, Wang ZM, Messi ML, Mintz A and Delbono O: Type-1 pericytes participate in fibrous tissue deposition in aged skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 305:C1098–C1113. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Kalluri R and Neilson EG: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its implications for fibrosis. J Clin Invest. 112:1776–1784. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

O'Connor JW and Gomez EW: Biomechanics of TGFβ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition: Implications for fibrosis and cancer. Clin Transl Med. 3:232014. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Lamouille S, Xu J and Derynck R: Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 15:178–196. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Zeisberg EM, Tarnavski O, Zeisberg M, Dorfman AL, McMullen JR, Gustafsson E, Chandraker A, Yuan X, Pu WT, Roberts AB, et al: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to cardiac fibrosis. Nat Med. 13:952–961. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Widyantoro B, Emoto N, Nakayama K, Anggrahini DW, Adiarto S, Iwasa N, Yagi K, Miyagawa K, Rikitake Y, Suzuki T, et al: Endothelial cell-derived endothelin-1 promotes cardiac fibrosis in diabetic hearts through stimulation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Circulation. 121:2407–2418. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Zeisberg EM, Potenta SE, Sugimoto H, Zeisberg M and Kalluri R: Fibroblasts in kidney fibrosis emerge via endothelial-to-mesen-chymal transition. J Am Soc Nephrol. 19:2282–2287. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Hashimoto N, Phan SH, Imaizumi K, Matsuo M, Nakashima H, Kawabe T, Shimokata K and Hasegawa Y: Endothelial-mesenchymal transition in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 43:161–172. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar :

18 

Zeisberg M, Yang C, Martino M, Duncan MB, Rieder F, Tanjore H and Kalluri R: Fibroblasts derive from hepatocytes in liver fibrosis via epithelial to mesenchymal transition. J Biol Chem. 282:23337–23347. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Hinz B, Phan SH, Thannickal VJ, Galli A, Bochaton-Piallat ML and Gabbiani G: The myofibroblast: One function, multiple origins. Am J Pathol. 170:1807–1816. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Kim Y, Kugler MC, Wei Y, Kim KK, Li X, Brumwell AN and Chapman HA: Integrin alpha3beta1-dependent beta-catenin phosphorylation links epithelial Smad signaling to cell contacts. J Cell Biol. 184:309–322. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Li Y, Yang J, Dai C, Wu C and Liu Y: Role for integrin-linked kinase in mediating tubular epithelial to mesenchymal transition and renal interstitial fibrogenesis. J Clin Invest. 112:503–516. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Zeisberg M, Hanai J, Sugimoto H, Mammoto T, Charytan D, Strutz F and Kalluri R: BMP-7 counteracts TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and reverses chronic renal injury. Nat Med. 9:964–968. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Rygiel KA, Robertson H, Marshall HL, Pekalski M, Zhao L, Booth TA, Jones DE, Burt AD and Kirby JA: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition contributes to portal tract fibrogenesis during human chronic liver disease. Lab Invest. 88:112–123. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Muraoka N, Yamakawa H, Miyamoto K, Sadahiro T, Umei T, Isomi M, Nakashima H, Akiyama M, Wada R, Inagawa K, et al: miR-133 promotes cardiac reprogramming by directly repressing Snai1 and silencing fibroblast signatures. EMBO J. 33:1565–1581. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Wang L, Li X, Zhou Y, Shi H, Xu C, He H, Wang S, Xiong X, Zhang Y, Du Z, et al: Downregulation of miR-133 via MAPK/ERK signaling pathway involved in nicotine-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 387:197–206. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Berschneider B, Ellwanger DC, Baarsma HA, Thiel C, Shimbori C, White ES, Kolb M, Neth P and Königshoff M: miR-92a regulates TGF-β1-induced WISP1 expression in pulmonary fibrosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 53:432–441. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Yu JW, Duan WJ, Huang XR, Meng XM, Yu XQ and Lan HY: MicroRNA-29b inhibits peritoneal fibrosis in a mouse model of peritoneal dialysis. Lab Invest. 94:978–990. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Drummond CA, Hill MC, Shi H, Fan X, Xie JX, Haller ST, Kennedy DJ, Liu J, Garrett MR, Xie Z, et al: Na/K-ATPase signaling regulates collagen synthesis through microRNA-29b-3p in cardiac fibroblasts. Physiol Genomics. Dec 23–2015.Epub ahead of print. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Patel V and Noureddine L: microRNAs and fibrosis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 21:410–416. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Kumarswamy R, Volkmann I and Thum T: Regulation and function of miRNA-21 in health and disease. RNA Biol. 8:706–713. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Li YF, Jing Y, Hao J, Frankfort NC, Zhou X, Shen B, Liu X, Wang L and Li R: MicroRNA-21 in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury. Protein Cell. 4:813–819. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Li Q, Zhang D, Wang Y, Sun P, Hou X, Larner J, Xiong W and Mi J: MiR-21/Smad 7 signaling determines TGF-β1-induced CAF formation. Sci Rep. 3(2038)2013.

33 

Thum T, Gross C, Fiedler J, Fischer T, Kissler S, Bussen M, Galuppo P, Just S, Rottbauer W, Frantz S, et al: MicroRNA-21 contributes to myocardial disease by stimulating MAP kinase signalling in fibroblasts. Nature. 456:980–984. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Pandit KV, Milosevic J and Kaminski N: MicroRNAs in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Transl Res. 157:191–199. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Meng F, Henson R, Lang M, Wehbe H, Maheshwari S, Mendell JT, Jiang J, Schmittgen TD and Patel T: Involvement of human micro-RNA in growth and response to chemotherapy in human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Gastroenterology. 130:2113–2129. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Si ML, Zhu S, Wu H, Lu Z, Wu F and Mo YY: miR-21-mediated tumor growth. Oncogene. 26:2799–2803. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Ji R, Cheng Y, Yue J, Yang J, Liu X, Chen H, Dean DB and Zhang C: MicroRNA expression signature and antisense-mediated depletion reveal an essential role of MicroRNA in vascular neointimal lesion formation. Circ Res. 100:1579–1588. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Gabriely G, Wurdinger T, Kesari S, Esau CC, Burchard J, Linsley PS and Krichevsky AM: microRNA 21 promotes glioma invasion by targeting matrix metalloproteinase regulators. Mol Cell Biol. 28:5369–5380. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Zhu H, Luo H, Li Y, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Chai J, Xiao X, You Y and Zuo X: MicroRNA-21 in scleroderma fibrosis and its function in TGF-β-regulated fibrosis-related genes expression. J Clin Immunol. 33:1100–1109. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Liu G, Friggeri A, Yang Y, Milosevic J, Ding Q, Thannickal VJ, Kaminski N and Abraham E: miR-21 mediates fibrogenic activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and lung fibrosis. J Exp Med. 207:1589–1597. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Bao H, Hu S, Zhang C, Shi S, Qin W, Zeng C, Zen K and Liu Z: Inhibition of miRNA-21 prevents fibrogenic activation in podocytes and tubular cells in IgA nephropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 444:455–460. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Shen W, Chen G, Dong R, Zhao R and Zheng S: MicroRNA-21/PTEN/Akt axis in the fibrogenesis of biliary atresia. J Pediatr Surg. 49:1738–1741. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Dattaroy D, Pourhoseini S, Das S, Alhasson F, Seth RK, Nagarkatti M, Michelotti GA, Diehl AM and Chatterjee S: Micro RNA 21 inhibition of SMAD7 enhances fibrogenesis via leptin mediated NADPH oxidase in experimental and human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 308:G298–G312. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Roy S, Khanna S, Hussain SR, Biswas S, Azad A, Rink C, Gnyawali S, Shilo S, Nuovo GJ and Sen CK: MicroRNA expression in response to murine myocardial infarction: miR-21 regulates fibroblast metalloprotease-2 via phosphatase and tensin homologue. Cardiovasc Res. 82:21–29. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Patrick DM, Montgomery RL, Qi X, Obad S, Kauppinen S, Hill JA, Van Rooij E and Olson EN: Stress-dependent cardiac remodeling occurs in the absence of microRNA-21 in mice. J Clin Invest. 120:3912–3916. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Yamada M, Kubo H, Ota C, Takahashi T, Tando Y, Suzuki T, Fujino N, Makiguchi T, Takagi K, Suzuki T and Ichinose M: The increase of microRNA-21 during lung fibrosis and its contribution to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary epithelial cells. Respir Res. 14:952013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Godwin JG, Ge X, Stephan K, Jurisch A, Tullius SG and Iacomini J: Identification of a microRNA signature of renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:14339–14344. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Zarjou A, Yang S, Abraham E, Agarwal A and Liu G: Identification of a microRNA signature in renal fibrosis: Role of miR-21. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 301:F793–F801. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Glowacki F, Savary G, Gnemmi V, Buob D, Van der Hauwaert C, Lo-Guidice JM, Bouyé S, Hazzan M, Pottier N, Perrais M, et al: Increased circulating miR-21 levels are associated with kidney fibrosis. PLoS One. 8:e580142013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Redell JB, Zhao J and Dash PK: Altered expression of miRNA-21 and its targets in the hippocampus after traumatic brain injury. J Neurosci Res. 89:212–221. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Buller B, Liu X, Wang X, Zhang RL, Zhang L, Hozeska-Solgot A, Chopp M and Zhang ZG: microRNA-21 protects neurons from ischemic death. FEBS J. 277:4299–4307. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Bhalala OG, Pan L, Sahni V, McGuire TL, Gruner K, Tourtellotte WG and Kessler JA: MicroRNA-21 regulates astrocytic response following spinal cord injury. J Neurosci. 32:17935–17947. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Kimura-Kuroda J, Teng X, Komuta Y, Yoshioka N, Sango K, Kawamura K, Raisman G and Kawano H: An in vitro model of the inhibition of axon growth in the lesion scar formed after central nervous system injury. Mol Cell Neurosci. 43:177–187. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Marquez RT, Bandyopadhyay S, Wendlandt EB, Keck K, Hoffer BA, Icardi MS, Christensen RN, Schmidt WN and McCaffrey AP: Correlation between microRNA expression levels and clinical parameters associated with chronic hepatitis C viral infection in humans. Lab Invest. 90:1727–1736. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Zhang Z, Gao Z, Hu W, Yin S, Wang C, Zang Y, Chen J, Zhang J and Dong L: 3,3′-Diindolylmethane ameliorates experimental hepatic fibrosis via inhibiting miR-21 expression. Br J Pharmacol. 170:649–660. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Ning P, Liu DW, Mao YG, Peng Y, Lin ZW and Liu DM: Differential expression profile of microRNA between hyperplastic scar and normal skin. Chin Med J. 92:692–694. 2012.In Chinese.

57 

Liu Y, Wang X, Yang D, Xiao Z and Chen X: MicroRNA-21 affects proliferation and apoptosis by regulating expression of PTEN in human keloid fibroblasts. Plast Reconstr Surg. 134:561e–573e. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Simone BA, Ly D, Savage JE, Hewitt SM, Dan TD, Ylaya K, Shankavaram U, Lim M, Jin L, Camphausen K, et al: microRNA alterations driving acute and late stages of radiation-induced fibrosis in a murine skin model. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 90:44–52. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Jin L, Wu Z, Xu W, Hu X, Zhang J, Xue Z and Cheng L: Identifying gene expression profile of spinal cord injury in rat by bioinformatics strategy. Mol Biol Rep. 41:3169–3177. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Meng XM, Huang XR, Xiao J, Chen HY, Zhong X, Chung AC and Lan HY: Diverse roles of TGF-β receptor II in renal fibrosis and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. J Pathol. 227:175–188. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

61 

Schnaper HW, Hayashida T, Hubchak SC and Poncelet AC: TGF-beta signal transduction and mesangial cell fibrogenesis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 284:F243–F252. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62 

Lan HY and Chung AC: Transforming growth factor-β and Smads. Contrib Nephrol. 170:75–82. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Meng XM, Huang XR, Xiao J, Chung AC, Qin W, Chen HY and Lan HY: Disruption of Smad4 impairs TGF-β/Smad3 and Smad7 transcriptional regulation during renal inflammation and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Kidney Int. 81:266–279. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Davis BN, Hilyard AC, Lagna G and Hata A: SMAD proteins control DROSHA-mediated microRNA maturation. Nature. 454:56–61. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

65 

Fujimoto M, Maezawa Y, Yokote K, Joh K, Kobayashi K, Kawamura H, Nishimura M, Roberts AB, Saito Y and Mori S: Mice lacking Smad3 are protected against streptozotocin-induced diabetic glomerulopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 305:1002–1007. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

66 

Meng XM, Huang XR, Chung AC, Qin W, Shao X, Igarashi P, Ju W, Bottinger EP and Lan HY: Smad2 protects against TGF-beta/Smad3-mediated renal fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 21:1477–1487. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Davis BN, Hilyard AC, Nguyen PH, Lagna G and Hata A: Smad proteins bind a conserved RNA sequence to promote microRNA maturation by Drosha. Mol Cell. 39:373–384. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

68 

Zhong X, Chung AC, Chen HY, Meng XM and Lan HY: Smad3-mediated upregulation of miR-21 promotes renal fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 22:1668–1681. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69 

Chung AC, Dong Y, Yang W, Zhong X, Li R and Lan HY: Smad7 suppresses renal fibrosis via altering expression of TGF-β/Smad3-regulated microRNAs. Mol Ther. 21:388–398. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar :

70 

Huang GC, Zhang JS and Tang QQ: Involvement of C/EBP-alpha gene in in vitro activation of rat hepatic stellate cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 324:1309–1318. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Bakin AV, Tomlinson AK, Bhowmick NA, Moses HL and Arteaga CL: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase function is required for transforming growth factor beta-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition and cell migration. J Biol Chem. 275:36803–36810. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

Ghosh Choudhury G and Abboud HE: Tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent PI3 kinase/Akt signal transduction regulates TGFbeta-induced fibronectin expression in mesangial cells. Cell Signal. 16:31–41. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

73 

Maehama T and Dixon JE: The tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1, dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. J Biol Chem. 273:13375–13378. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

74 

Meng F, Henson R, Wehbe-Janek H, Ghoshal K, Jacob ST and Patel T: microRNA-21 regulates expression of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in human hepatocellular cancer. Gastroenterology. 133:647–658. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

75 

Runyan CE, Schnaper HW and Poncelet AC: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway enhances Smad3-stimulated mesangial cell collagen I expression in response to transforming growth factor-beta1. J Biol Chem. 279:2632–2639. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

76 

Mahimainathan L, Das F, Venkatesan B and Choudhury GG: Mesangial cell hypertrophy by high glucose is mediated by down-regulation of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Diabetes. 55:2115–2125. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

77 

Lamouille S and Derynck R: Cell size and invasion in TGF-beta-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition is regulated by activation of the mTOR pathway. J Cell Biol. 178:437–451. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

78 

Dey N, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Kasinath BS and Choudhury GG: TGFβ-stimulated microRNA-21 utilizes PTEN to orchestrate AKT/mTORC1 signaling for mesangial cell hypertrophy and matrix expansion. PLoS One. 7:e423162012. View Article : Google Scholar

79 

Kattla JJ, Carew RM, Heljic M, Godson C and Brazil DP: Protein kinase B/Akt activity is involved in renal TGF-beta1-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 295:F215–F225. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

80 

Meadows KN, Iyer S, Stevens MV, Wang D, Shechter S, Perruzzi C, Camenisch TD and Benjamin LE: Akt promotes endocardial-mesenchyme transition. J Angiogenes Res. 1:22009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

81 

Romashkova JA and Makarov SS: NF-kappaB is a target of AKT in anti-apoptotic PDGF signalling. Nature. 401:86–90. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

82 

Zhong W, Shen WF, Ning BF, Hu PF, Lin Y, Yue HY, Yin C, Hou JL, Chen YX, Zhang JP, et al: Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 by adenovirus mediated small interfering RNA attenuates hepatic fibrosis in rats. Hepatology. 50:1524–1536. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

83 

Ma X, Kumar M, Choudhury SN, Becker Buscaglia LE, Barker JR, Kanakamedala K, Liu MF and Li Y: Loss of the miR-21 allele elevates the expression of its target genes and reduces tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 108:10144–10149. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

84 

Chen B, Liu J, Chang Q, Beezhold K, Lu Y and Chen F: JNK and STAT3 signaling pathways converge on Akt-mediated phosphorylation of EZH2 in bronchial epithelial cells induced by arsenic. Cell Cycle. 12:112–121. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar :

85 

Zhao J, Tang N, Wu K, Dai W, Ye C, Shi J, Zhang J, Ning B, Zeng X and Lin Y: miR-21 simultaneously regulates ERK1 signaling in HSC activation and hepatocyte EMT in hepatic fibrosis. PLoS One. 9:e1080052014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

86 

Huang C, Li J, Ding M, Wang L, Shi X, Castranova V, Ju G and Costa M: Arsenic-induced NFkappaB transactivation through Erks- and JNKs-dependent pathways in mouse epidermal JB6 cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 222:29–34. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

87 

Ling M, Li Y, Xu Y, Pang Y, Shen L, Jiang R, Zhao Y, Yang X, Zhang J, Zhou J, et al: Regulation of miRNA-21 by reactive oxygen species-activated ERK/NF-κ B in arsenite-induced cell transformation. Free Radic Biol Med. 52:1508–1518. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

88 

Sandhir R, Gregory E and Berman NE: Differential response of miRNA-21 and its targets after traumatic brain injury in aging mice. Neurochem Int. 78:117–121. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

89 

Zhou L, Yang ZX, Song WJ, Li QJ, Yang F, Wang DS, Zhang N and Dou KF: MicroRNA-21 regulates the migration and invasion of a stem-like population in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 43:661–669. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

90 

Zhu Q, Wang Z, Hu Y, Li J, Li X, Zhou L and Huang Y: miR-21 promotes migration and invasion by the miR-21-PDCD4-AP-1 feedback loop in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep. 27:1660–1668. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

91 

Siddesha JM, Valente AJ, Yoshida T, Sakamuri SS, Delafontaine P, Iba H, Noda M and Chandrasekar B: Docosahexaenoic acid reverses angiotensin II-induced RECK suppression and cardiac fibroblast migration. Cell Signal. 26:933–941. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

92 

Reis ST, Pontes-Junior J, Antunes AA, Dall'Oglio MF, Dip N, Passerotti CC, Rossini GA, Morais DR, Nesrallah AJ, Piantino C, et al: miR-21 may acts as an oncomir by targeting RECK, a matrix metalloproteinase regulator, in prostate cancer. BMC Urol. 12:142012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

93 

Fan X, Wang E, Wang X, Cong X and Chen X: MicroRNA-21 is a unique signature associated with coronary plaque instability in humans by regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 via reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs. Exp Mol Pathol. 96:242–249. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

94 

Wei J, Feng L, Li Z, Xu G and Fan X: MicroRNA-21 activates hepatic stellate cells via PTEN/Akt signaling. Biomed Pharmacother. 67:387–392. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

95 

Adam O, Löhfelm B, Thum T, Gupta SK, Puhl SL, Schafers HJ, Böhm M and Laufs U: Role of miR-21 in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis. Basic Res Cardiol. 107:2782012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

96 

Liang H, Zhang C, Ban T, Liu Y, Mei L, Piao X, Zhao D, Lu Y, Chu W and Yang B: A novel reciprocal loop between microRNA-21 and TGFβRIII is involved in cardiac fibrosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 44:2152–2160. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

97 

Zhu HY, Li C, Bai WD, Su LL, Liu JQ, Li Y, Shi JH, Cai WX, Bai XZ, Jia YH, et al: MicroRNA-21 regulates hTERT via PTEN in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. PLoS One. 9:e971142014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

98 

Pellman J, Lyon RC and Sheikh F: Extracellular matrix remodeling in atrial fibrosis: Mechanisms and implications in atrial fibrillation. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 48:461–467. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar :

99 

Tan AY and Zimetbaum P: Atrial fibrillation and atrial fibrosis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 57:625–629. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

100 

Babür Güler G, Karaahmet T and Tigen K: Myocardial fibrosis detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in heart failure: Impact on remodeling, diastolic function and BNP levels. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 11:71–76. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

101 

Csak T, Bala S, Lippai D, Satishchandran A, Catalano D, Kodys K and Szabo G: microRNA-122 regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and vimentin in hepatocytes and correlates with fibrosis in diet-induced steatohepatitis. Liver Int. 35:532–541. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar :

102 

Huang C, Zheng JM, Cheng Q, Yu KK, Ling QX, Chen MQ and Li N: Serum microRNA-29 levels correlate with disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Dig Dis. 15:614–621. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

103 

He X, Xie J, Zhang D, Su Q, Sai X, Bai R, Chen C, Luo X, Gao G and Pan W: Recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated inhibition of miRNA-21 protects mice against the lethal schistosome infection by repressing both IL-13 and transforming growth factor beta 1 pathways. Hepatology. 61:2008–2017. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

104 

Friedman SL: Molecular regulation of hepatic fibrosis, an integrated cellular response to tissue injury. J Biol Chem. 275:2247–2250. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

105 

Zeng CH, Le W, Ni Z, Zhang M, Miao L, Luo P, Wang R, Lv Z, Chen J, Tian J, et al: A multicenter application and evaluation of the oxford classification of IgA nephropathy in adult Chinese patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 60:812–820. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

106 

Cutroneo KR, White SL, Phan SH and Ehrlich HP: Therapies for bleomycin induced lung fibrosis through regulation of TGF-beta1 induced collagen gene expression. J Cell Physiol. 211:585–589. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

107 

White ES, Atrasz RG, Hu B, Phan SH, Stambolic V, Mak TW, Hogaboam CM, Flaherty KR, Martinez FJ and Kontos CD: Negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation by PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10). Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 173:112–121. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar :

108 

Varga J and Abraham D: Systemic sclerosis: A prototypic multi-system fibrotic disorder. J Clin Invest. 117:557–567. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu RH, Ning B, Ma XE, Gong WM and Jia TH: Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review). Mol Med Rep 13: 2359-2366, 2016.
APA
Liu, R., Ning, B., Ma, X., Gong, W., & Jia, T. (2016). Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 2359-2366. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4834
MLA
Liu, R., Ning, B., Ma, X., Gong, W., Jia, T."Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 13.3 (2016): 2359-2366.
Chicago
Liu, R., Ning, B., Ma, X., Gong, W., Jia, T."Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 13, no. 3 (2016): 2359-2366. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4834
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu RH, Ning B, Ma XE, Gong WM and Jia TH: Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review). Mol Med Rep 13: 2359-2366, 2016.
APA
Liu, R., Ning, B., Ma, X., Gong, W., & Jia, T. (2016). Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 2359-2366. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4834
MLA
Liu, R., Ning, B., Ma, X., Gong, W., Jia, T."Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 13.3 (2016): 2359-2366.
Chicago
Liu, R., Ning, B., Ma, X., Gong, W., Jia, T."Regulatory roles of microRNA-21 in fibrosis through interaction with diverse pathways (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 13, no. 3 (2016): 2359-2366. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4834
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team