TLR4 inhibitor attenuates amyloid-β-induced angiogenic and inflammatory factors in ARPE-19 cells: Implications for age-related macular degeneration

Chen,Li; Bai,Yujing; Zhao,Min; Jiang,Yanrong

doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.4890

TLR4 inhibitor attenuates amyloid-β-induced angiogenic and inflammatory factors in ARPE-19 cells: Implications for age-related macular degeneration

Authors:
- Li Chen
- Yujing Bai
- Min Zhao
- Yanrong Jiang
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Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital, Peking University and Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
Published online on: February 15, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4890
Pages: 3249-3256

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Abstract

Subretinally-deposited amyloid-β (Aβ) is an important factor in age‑related macular degradation (AMD) often leading to irreversible blindness in the elderly population. The molecular mechanism underlying Aβ deposition during AMD remains unclear. The expression of inflammatory and angiogenic factors was examined by treatment of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells with the oligomeric form of Aβ (OAβ1-42). Changes in the mRNA expression levels of various cytokines was detected by the QuantiGenePlex 6.0 Reagent system, and the protein expression level was determined by western blotting. Culture supernatants were detected using a multiplex cytokine assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The in vitro tube formation was evaluated by a Matrigel assay. The present study highlights that OAβ1‑42 activates the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 and phosphorylation nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway in RPE cells. Additionally, it increased the mRNA and protein expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-33, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and angiopoietin 2. Furthermore, the TLR4 inhibitor (COBRA) attenuated the expression of inflammatory and angiogenesis factors, particularly IL-6, IL-8, IL-33, bFGF and VEGF. When human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured with the COBRA-treated RPE cell culture supernatant the length of the endothelial cell network (measured by calculating tip cell lengths of endothelial cells) was impaired when compared with the HUVECs that were co‑cultured with the cell supernatant exposed to OAβ1‑42. These results suggest that the TLR4-associated pathway may be a potential target for the treatment of AMD.

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