GGsTOP increases migration of human periodontal ligament cells in vitro via reactive oxygen species pathway

Jiang,Ying; Wang,Xiang; Li,Ying; Mu,Sen; Zhou,Shuang; Liu,Yi; Zhang,Bin

doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.5038

GGsTOP increases migration of human periodontal ligament cells in vitro via reactive oxygen species pathway

Authors:
- Ying Jiang
- Xiang Wang
- Ying Li
- Sen Mu
- Shuang Zhou
- Yi Liu
- Bin Zhang
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Affiliations: Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China, College of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
Published online on: March 21, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5038
Pages: 3813-3820
Copyright: © Jiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

GGsTOP is a novel and selective inhibitor of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), a cell-surface enzyme that has a key role in glutathione homeostasis and the maintenance of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are essential for wound healing. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibition of GGT by GGsTOP in human periodontal ligament cells (hPLCs). The present study assessed GGT expression in mouse periodontal ligament tissues, GGT activity in hPLCs, and the potential physiological effect of GGsTOP on hPLC migration. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that GGT was widely expressed in mouse periodontal ligament tissue. Treatment with GGsTOP was associated with greater proliferation and migration of hPLCs, and higher levels of cellular ROS compared with untreated hPLCs. However, the increase in intracellular ROS was attenuated in hPLCs co‑cultured with the anti‑oxidant N‑acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of glutathione. The higher ROS levels associated with GGsTOP treatment were in parallel with increases in the levels of type I collagen and alpha smooth muscle actin, which was inhibited in hPLCs co‑cultured with NAC. Thus, GGsTOP may promote hPLC migration and participate in the maintenance of the periodontal ligament apparatus via the ROS pathway.

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