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Article

Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation

  • Authors:
    • Tian‑Lei Si
    • Qi Liu
    • Yu‑Fei Ren
    • Hui Li
    • Xiao‑Yun Xu
    • Er‑Hu Li
    • Si‑Yi Pan
    • Jiu‑Liang Zhang
    • Ke‑Xing Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China, National Engineering Research Center For Wheaten Food, Henan Xingtai S&T Industry Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
  • Pages: 499-508
    |
    Published online on: May 12, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5259
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + quercetin (QE) used in combination. DHA and QE are natural compounds derived from various foods and have been demonstrated to exert anti‑inflammatory effects The protein mRNA expression involved in the nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway was analyzed by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods respectively, other cytokines were detected by an enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay kit. The results of the present study demonstrated that combined treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells with DHA + QE decreased the levels of pro‑inflammatory mediators to a greater extent than QE or DHA alone. Additionally, DHA + QE synergistically suppressed nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and cyclooxygenase-2 levels. Molecular‑level studies indicated that the DHA + QE combination can significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of NF‑κB subunits p50 and p65, extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c‑JUN N‑terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2, which suggests that the NF‑κB signalling pathway is involved in the synergistic effects observed. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that DHA + QE synergistically inhibit the phosphorylation of p50, p65, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. This finding indicates that the enhanced anti‑inflammatory effects of the combined compounds are achieved by suppressing NF‑κB and MAPK signalling in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The results of the present study suggest that DHA and QE in combination may be utilized as potent anti‑inflammatory compounds, with potential preventative or palliative effects on obesity, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Si TL, Liu Q, Ren YF, Li H, Xu XY, Li EH, Pan SY, Zhang JL and Wang KX: Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation. Mol Med Rep 14: 499-508, 2016.
APA
Si, T., Liu, Q., Ren, Y., Li, H., Xu, X., Li, E. ... Wang, K. (2016). Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation. Molecular Medicine Reports, 14, 499-508. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5259
MLA
Si, T., Liu, Q., Ren, Y., Li, H., Xu, X., Li, E., Pan, S., Zhang, J., Wang, K."Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation". Molecular Medicine Reports 14.1 (2016): 499-508.
Chicago
Si, T., Liu, Q., Ren, Y., Li, H., Xu, X., Li, E., Pan, S., Zhang, J., Wang, K."Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation". Molecular Medicine Reports 14, no. 1 (2016): 499-508. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5259
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Si TL, Liu Q, Ren YF, Li H, Xu XY, Li EH, Pan SY, Zhang JL and Wang KX: Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation. Mol Med Rep 14: 499-508, 2016.
APA
Si, T., Liu, Q., Ren, Y., Li, H., Xu, X., Li, E. ... Wang, K. (2016). Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation. Molecular Medicine Reports, 14, 499-508. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5259
MLA
Si, T., Liu, Q., Ren, Y., Li, H., Xu, X., Li, E., Pan, S., Zhang, J., Wang, K."Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation". Molecular Medicine Reports 14.1 (2016): 499-508.
Chicago
Si, T., Liu, Q., Ren, Y., Li, H., Xu, X., Li, E., Pan, S., Zhang, J., Wang, K."Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation". Molecular Medicine Reports 14, no. 1 (2016): 499-508. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5259
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