Methylsulfonylmethane enhances BMP‑2‑induced osteoblast differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells

Kim,Don Nam; Joung,Youn Hee; Darvin,Pramod; Kang,Dong Young; Sp,Nipin; Byun,Hyo Joo; Cho,Kwang Hyun; Park,Kyung Do; Lee,Hak Kyo; Yang,Young Mok

doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.5274

Methylsulfonylmethane enhances BMP‑2‑induced osteoblast differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells

Authors:
- Don Nam Kim
- Youn Hee Joung
- Pramod Darvin
- Dong Young Kang
- Nipin Sp
- Hyo Joo Byun
- Kwang Hyun Cho
- Kyung Do Park
- Hak Kyo Lee
- Young Mok Yang
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Glocal Campus, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 331‑801, Republic of Korea, Genomics Informatics Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong 456‑749, Republic of Korea, Department of Animal Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561‑756, Republic of Korea
Published online on: May 13, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5274
Pages: 460-466

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Abstract

As human lifespans have increased, the incidence of osteoporosis has also increased. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) affects the process of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into osteoblasts via the Janus kinase 2 (Jak2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)5b signaling pathway, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‑2) is also known to significantly affect bone health. In addition, the phosphorylation of small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)1/5/8 regulates the Runt‑related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) gene, which encodes a transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation markers. In the present study, the differentiation of MSCs treated with MSM, BMP‑2, and their combination were examined. The differentiation of osteoblasts was demonstrated through observation of morphological changes and mineralization, using alizarin red and Von Kossa staining. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the combination of MSM and BMP-2 increased the phosphorylation of the BMP signaling-associated protein, Smad1/5/8. Combination of MSM and BMP-2 significantly increased osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of the MSCs compared with either MSM or BMP-2 alone. Additionally, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that combination of MSM and BMP-2 increased the expression level of the Runx2 gene and the osteoblast differentiation marker genes, alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin, in MSCs compared with controls. Thus, the combination of MSM and BMP-2 may promote the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts.

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