Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
September-2016 Volume 14 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2016 Volume 14 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis

  • Authors:
    • Yiyu Yin
    • Fengli Liu
    • Yiping Li
    • Ruze Tang
    • Jian Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University. Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Yin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1953-1956
    |
    Published online on: June 29, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5455
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

A neonatal model of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in mice was established to examine the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 4 and 9, and of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB by quantitative detection of their mRNAs in intestinal tissue during the occurrence of NEC, and thus aid in the understanding of the basic pathogenesis of NEC. A total of 50 newborn BALB/c mice (specific pathogen-free level) ranging in age from 7 to 10 days, of either gender, and weighing 4.8‑5.4 g were selected and randomly divided into a control and test group, n=25 mice per group. Mice in the control group were kept in the same cage with the mother who fed them, free from any interventions. Mice in the test group were separated from their mother 48 h following birth and placed in an incubator, artificially fed with milk substitutes, and regularly treated with hypoxia and cold stimulation (100% nitrogen anoxia for 90 sec, cold stimulation at 4˚C for 10 min, 3 times a day for 3 days) to induce the neonatal NEC. The general state and body weight variations of the mice were recorded, the mice were sacrificed and the intestinal tissue necrosis was evaluated visually, the degree of intestinal injury was determined by histopathological staining, and the mRNA expression levels of intestinal tissue TLR4, TLR9 and NF‑κB were quantified. Of the 25 mice in the test group, 3 died a natural death and 22 were sacrificed; their general state was worse than that of the mice in the control group, and the body weight variations among them were considerably larger. NEC was confirmed in 12 cases by visual inspection, and the average histological scores of the mice in the test group were 3.5±0.6, significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF‑κB in the test group were significantly higher than in the control group. By contrast, the mRNA expression of TLR9 was significantly lower in the test group, and differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Thus, the increased mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF-κB, and decreased mRNA expression of TLR9 during NEC may be an important inflammatory mechanism of the disease.
View Figures
View References

1 

Berman L and Moss RL: Necrotizing enterocolitis: An update. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 16:145–150. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Neu J and Walker WA: Necrotizing enterocolitis. N Engl J Med. 364:255–264. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Liu Y, Zhu L, Fatheree NY, Liu X, Pacheco SE, Tatevian N and Rhoads JM: Changes in intestinal Toll-like receptors and cytokines precede histological injury in a rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 297:G442–G450. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Dvorak B: Milk epidermal growth factor and gut protection. J Pediatr. 156(Suppl 2): S31–S35. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Tonkiss J, Smart JL, Auestad NS and Edmond J: Type of milk substitute influences growth of the gastrointestinal tract in artificially reared rat pups. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 4:818–825. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Claud EC: Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis -inflammation and intestinal immaturity. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 8:248–259. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Grave GD, Nelson SA, Walker WA, Moss RL, Dvorak B, Hamilton FA, Higgins R and Raju TN: New therapies and preventive approaches for necrotizing enterocolitis: Report of a research planning workshop. Pediatr Res. 62:510–514. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Kaczorowski DJ, Nakao A, McCurry KR and Billiar TR: Toll-like receptors and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, inflammation, and injury. Curr Cardiol Rev. 5:196–202. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Yamamoto M and Takeda K: Current views of toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2010:2403652010. View Article : Google Scholar :

10 

Nanthakumar N, Meng D, Goldstein AM, Zhu W, Lu L, Uauy R, Llanos A, Claud EC and Walker WA: The mechanism of excessive intestinal inflammation in necrotizing enterocolitis: an immature innate immune response. PLoS One. 6:e177762011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Jilling T, Simon D, Lu J, Meng FJ, Li D, Schy R, Thomson RB, Soliman A, Arditi M and Caplan MS: The roles of bacteria and TLR4 in rat and murine models of necrotizing enterocolitis. J Immunol. 177:3273–3282. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Leaphart CL, Cavallo J, Gribar SC, Cetin S, Li J, Branca MF, Dubowski TD, Sodhi CP and Hackam DJ: A critical role for TLR4 in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis by modulating intestinal injury and repair. J Immunol. 179:4808–4820. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Le Mandat Schultz A, Bonnard A, Barreau F, Aigrain Y, Pierre-Louis C, Berrebi D and Peuchmaur M: Expression of TLR-2, TLR-4, NOD2 and pNF-κB in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis. PLoS One. 2:e11022007. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Chan KL, Wong KF and Luk JM: Role of LPS/CD14/TLR4- mediated inflammation in necrotizing enterocolitis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. World J Gastroenterol. 15:4745–4752. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Gribar SC, Sodhi CP, Richardson WM, Anand RJ, Gittes GK, Branca MF, Jakub A, Shi XH, Shah S, Ozolek JA, et al: Reciprocal expression and signaling of TLR4 and TLR9 in the pathogenesis and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. J Immunol. 182:636–646. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Cario E: Toll-like receptors in inflammatory bowel diseases: A decade later. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 16:1583–1597. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Yoon HS: Neonatal innate immunity and Toll-like receptor. Korean J Pediatr. 53:985–988. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Rhee SH: Basic and translational understandings of microbial recognition by toll-like receptors in the intestine. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 17:28–34. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Sodhi CP, Shi XH, Richardson WM, Grant ZS, Shapiro RA, Prindle T Jr, Branca M, Russo A, Gribar SC, Ma C, et al: Toll-like receptor-4 inhibits enterocyte proliferation via impaired β-catenin signaling in necrotizing enterocolitis. Gastroenterology. 138:185–196. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Dai S, Sodhi C, Cetin S, Richardson W, Branca M, Neal MD, Prindle T, Ma C, Shapiro RA, Li B, et al: Extracellular high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) inhibits enterocyte migration via activation of Toll-like receptor-4 and increased cell-matrix adhesiveness. J Biol Chem. 285:4995–5002. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Cetin S, Ford HR, Sysko LR, Agarwal C, Wang J, Neal MD, Baty C, Apodaca G and Hackam DJ: Endotoxin inhibits intestinal epithelial restitution through activation of Rho-GTPase and increased focal adhesions. J Biol Chem. 279:24592–24600. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Spehlmann ME and Eckmann L: Nuclear factor-kappa B in intestinal protection and destruction. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 25:92–99. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Good M, Sodhi CP, Ozolek JA, Buck RH, Goehring KC, Thomas DL, Vikram A, Bibby K, Morowitz MJ, Firek B, Lu P and Hackam DJ: Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 decreases the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice and preterm piglets: Evidence in mice for a role of TLR9. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 306:G1021–G1032. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Arciero J, Bard EG, Siggers R, Afrazi A, Hackam D, Vodovotz Y and Rubin J: Modeling the interactions of bacteria and Toll-like receptor-mediated inflammation in necrotizing enterocolitis. J Theor Biol. 321:83–99. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

De Plaen IG, Liu SX, Tian R, Neequaye I, May MJ, Han XB, Hsueh W, Jilling T, Lu J and Caplan MS: Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB ameliorates bowel injury and prolongs survival in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatr Res. 61:716–721. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yin Y, Liu F, Li Y, Tang R and Wang J: mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Mol Med Rep 14: 1953-1956, 2016.
APA
Yin, Y., Liu, F., Li, Y., Tang, R., & Wang, J. (2016). mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Molecular Medicine Reports, 14, 1953-1956. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5455
MLA
Yin, Y., Liu, F., Li, Y., Tang, R., Wang, J."mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis". Molecular Medicine Reports 14.3 (2016): 1953-1956.
Chicago
Yin, Y., Liu, F., Li, Y., Tang, R., Wang, J."mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis". Molecular Medicine Reports 14, no. 3 (2016): 1953-1956. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5455
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yin Y, Liu F, Li Y, Tang R and Wang J: mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Mol Med Rep 14: 1953-1956, 2016.
APA
Yin, Y., Liu, F., Li, Y., Tang, R., & Wang, J. (2016). mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Molecular Medicine Reports, 14, 1953-1956. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5455
MLA
Yin, Y., Liu, F., Li, Y., Tang, R., Wang, J."mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis". Molecular Medicine Reports 14.3 (2016): 1953-1956.
Chicago
Yin, Y., Liu, F., Li, Y., Tang, R., Wang, J."mRNA expression of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB in a neonatal murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis". Molecular Medicine Reports 14, no. 3 (2016): 1953-1956. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5455
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team