|
1
|
American Cancer Society: Cancer Facts
& Figures 2014. American Cancer Society; Atlanta: 2014
|
|
2
|
Colon cancer: Healthy women. http://www.healthywomen.org/condition/colon-cancer.
Accessed July 8, 2016.
|
|
3
|
Anderson K, Lawson KA, Simmons-Menchaca M,
Sun L, Sanders BG and Kline K: Alpha-TEA plus cisplatin reduces
human cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell tumor burden and
metastasis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 229. pp. 1169–1176. 2004
|
|
4
|
Lawson KA, Anderson K, Simmons-Menchaca M,
Atkinson J, Sun L, Sanders BG and Kline K: Comparison of vitamin E
derivatives α-TEA and VES in reduction of mouse mammary tumor
burden and metastasis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 229:954–963.
2004.
|
|
5
|
Shun MC, Yu W, Gapor A, Parsons R,
Atkinson J, Sanders BG and Kline K: Pro-apoptotic mechanisms of
action of a novel vitamin E analog (alpha-TEA) and a naturally
occurring form of vitamin E (delta-tocotrienol) in MDA-MB-435 human
breast cancer cells. Nutr Cancer. 48:95–105. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
6
|
Hahn T, Szabo L, Gold M, Ramanathapuram L,
Hurley LH and Akporiaye ET: Dietary administration of the
proapoptotic vitamin E analogue alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic acid
inhibits metastatic murine breast cancer. Cancer Res. 66:9374–9378.
2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
7
|
Yu W, Shun MC, Anderson K, Chen H, Sanders
BG and Kline K: alpha-TEA inhibits survival and enhances death
pathways in cisplatin sensitive and resistant human ovarian cancer
cells. Apoptosis. 11:1813–1823. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
8
|
Jia L, Yu W, Wang P, Sanders BG and Kline
K: In vivo and in vitro studies of anticancer actions of alpha-TEA
for human prostate cancer cells. Prostate. 68:849–860. 2008.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
9
|
Sanz-Moreno V, Gaggioli C, Yeo M,
Albrengues J, Wallberg F, Viros A, Hooper S, Mitter R, Féral CC,
Cook M, et al: ROCK and JAK1 signaling cooperate to control
actomyosin contractility in tumor cells and stroma. Cancer Cell.
20:229–245. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
10
|
Basile JR, Gavard J and Gutkind JS:
Plexin-B1 utilizes RhoA and Rho kinase to promote the
integrin-dependent activation of Akt and ERK and endothelial cell
motility. J Biol Chem. 282:34888–34895. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
11
|
Samuel MS, Lopez JI, McGhee EJ, Croft DR,
Strachan D, Timpson P, Munro J, Schröder E, Zhou J, Brunton VG, et
al: Actomyosin-mediated cellular tension drives increased tissue
stiffness and β-catenin activation to induce epidermal hyperplasia
and tumor growth. Cancer Cell. 19:776–791. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
12
|
Rösel D, Brábek J, Tolde O, Mierke CT,
Zitterbart DP, Raupach C, Bicanová K, Kollmannsberger P, Panková D,
Vesely P, et al: Up-regulation of Rho/ROCK signaling in sarcoma
cells drives invasion and increased generation of protrusive
forces. Mol Cancer Res. 6:1410–1420. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
13
|
Gadea G, de Toledo M, Anguille C and Roux
P: Loss of p53 promotes RhoA-ROCK-dependent cell migration and
invasion in 3D matrices. J Cell Biol. 178:23–30. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
14
|
Amano M, Ito M, Kimura K, Fukata Y,
Chihara K, Nakano T, Matsuura Y and Kaibuchi K: Phosphorylation and
activation of myosin by Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase). J Biol
Chem. 271:20246–20249. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
15
|
Riento K and Ridley AJ: Rocks:
Multifunctional kinases in cell behaviour. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol.
4:446–456. 2003. View
Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
16
|
Kolodney MS and Elson EL: Contraction due
to microtubule disruption is associated with increased
phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain. Proc Natl Acad
Sci USA. 92:10252–10256. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
17
|
Somlyo AV, Bradshaw D, Ramos S, Murphy C,
Myers CE and Somlyo AP: Rho-kinase inhibitor retards migration and
in vivo dissemination of human prostate cancer cells. Biochem
Biophys Res Commun. 269:652–659. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
18
|
Kamai T, Tsujii T, Arai K, Takagi K, Asami
H, Ito Y and Oshima H: Significant association of Rho/ROCK pathway
with invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res.
9:2632–2641. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
19
|
Nakajima M, Katayama K, Tamechika I,
Hayashi K, Amano Y, Uehata M, Goto N and Kondo T: WF-536 inhibits
metastatic invasion by enhancing the host cell barrier and
inhibiting tumour cell motility. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol.
30:457–463. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
20
|
Nakajima M, Hayashi K, Egi Y, Katayama K,
Amano Y, Uehata M, Ohtsuki M, Fujii A, Oshita K, Kataoka H, et al:
Effect of Wf-536, a novel ROCK inhibitor, against metastasis of B16
melanoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 52:319–324. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
21
|
Xue F, Takahara T, Yata Y, Xia Q, Nonome
K, Shinno E, Kanayama M, Takahara S and Sugiyama T: Blockade of
Rho/Rho-associated coiled coil-forming kinase signaling can prevent
progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in matrix
metalloproteinase-dependent manner. Hepatol Res. 38:810–817. 2008.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
22
|
Wong CC, Wong CM, Tung EK, Man K and Ng
IO: Rho-kinase 2 is frequently overexpressed in hepatocellular
carcinoma and involved in tumor invasion. Hepatology. 49:1583–1594.
2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
23
|
Sahai E, Ishizaki T, Narumiya S and
Treisman R: Transformation mediated by RhoA requires activity of
ROCK kinases. Curr Biol. 9:136–145. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
24
|
Ying H, Biroc SL, Li WW, Alicke B, Xuan
JA, Pagila R, Ohashi Y, Okada T, Kamata Y and Dinter H: The Rho
kinase inhibitor fasudil inhibits tumor progression in human and
rat tumor models. Mol Cancer Ther. 5:2158–2164. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
25
|
Zhang S, Tang Q, Xu F, Xue Y, Zhen Z, Deng
Y, Liu M, Chen J, Liu S, Qiu M, et al: RhoA regulates G1-S
progression of gastric cancer cells by modulation of multiple INK4
family tumor suppressors. Mol Cancer Res. 7:570–580. 2009.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
26
|
Zohrabian VM, Forzani B, Chau Z, Murali R
and Jhanwar-Uniyal M: Rho/ROCK and MAPK signaling pathways are
involved in glioblastoma cell migration and proliferation.
Anticancer Res. 29:119–123. 2009.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
27
|
Schmidt LJ, Duncan K, Yadav N, Regan KM,
Verone AR, Lohse CM, Pop EA, Attwood K, Wilding G, Mohler JL, et
al: RhoA as a mediator of clinically relevant androgen action in
prostate cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 26:716–735. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
28
|
Zhang S, Tang Q, Xu F, Xue Y, Zhen Z, Deng
Y, Liu M, Chen J, Liu S, Qiu M, et al: RhoA regulates G1-S
progression of gastric cancer cells by modulation of multiple INK4
family tumor suppressors. Mol Cancer Res. 7:570–580. 2009.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
29
|
Doublier S, Riganti C, Voena C, Costamagna
C, Aldieri E, Pescarmona G, Ghigo D and Bosia A: RhoA silencing
reverts the resistance to doxorubicin in human colon cancer cells.
Molecular Cancer Research. 6:1607–1620. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
30
|
Molli PR, Pradhan MB, Advani SH and Naik
NR: RhoA: A therapeutic target for chronic myeloid leukemia.
Molecular cancer. 11:162012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
31
|
Horiuchi A, Imai T, Wang C, Ohira S, Feng
Y, Nikaido T and Konishi I: Up-regulation of small GTPases, RhoA
and RhoC, is associated with tumor progression in ovarian
carcinoma. Lab Invest. 83:861–870. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
32
|
Kamai T, Yamanishi T, Shirataki H, Takagi
K, Asami H, Ito Y and Yoshida K: Overexpression of RhoA, Rac1 and
CDC42 GTPases is associated with progression in testicular cancer.
Clin Cancer Res. 10:4799–4805. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
33
|
Hahn T, Jagadish B, Mash EA, Garrison K
and Akporiaye ET: α-Tocopheryloxyacetic acid: A novel
chemotherapeutic that stimulates the antitumor immune response.
Breast Cancer Res. 13:R42011. View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
34
|
Lawson KA1, Anderson K, Menchaca M,
Atkinson J, Sun L, Knight V, Gilbert BE, Conti C, Sanders BG and
Kline K: Novel vitamin E analogue decreases syngeneic mouse mammary
tumor burden and reduces lung metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther.
2:437–444. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
35
|
Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of
relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and
the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
36
|
Yanagisawa M and Anastasiadis PZ: p120
catenin is essential for mesenchymal cadherin-mediated regulation
of cell motility and invasiveness. J Cell Biol. 174:1087–1096.
2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
37
|
Fariss MW, Fortuna MB, Everett CK, Smith
JD, Trent DF and Djuric Z: The selective antiproliferative effects
of alpha-tocopheryl hemisuccinate and cholesteryl hemisuccinate on
murine leukemia cells result from the action of the intact
compounds. Cancer Res. 54:3346–3351. 1994.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
38
|
Malafa MP, Fokum FD, Mowlavi A, Abusief M
and King M: Vitamin E inhibits melanoma growth in mice. Surgery.
131:85–91. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
39
|
Hahn T, Bradley-Dunlop DJ, Hurley LH,
Von-Hoff D, Gately S, Mary DL, Lu H, Penichet ML, Besselsen DG,
Cole BB, et al: The vitamin E analog, alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic
acid enhances the anti-tumor activity of trastuzumab against
HER2/neu-expressing breast cancer. BMC Cancer. 11:4712011.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
40
|
Wang P, Yu W, Hu Z, Jia L, Iyer VR,
Sanders BG and Kline K: Involvement of JNK/p73/NOXA in vitamin E
analog-induced apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Mol
Carcinog. 47:436–445. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
41
|
Schlienger S, Campbell S and Claing A:
ARF1 regulates the Rho/MLC pathway to control EGF-dependent breast
cancer cell invasion. Mol Biol Cell. 25:17–29. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
42
|
Li XR, Ji F, Ouyang J, Wu W, Qian LY and
Yang KY: Overexpression of RhoA is associated with poor prognosis
in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 32:1130–1134. 2006.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
43
|
Collisson EA, Carranza DC, Chen IY and
Kolodney MS: Isoprenylation is necessary for the full invasive
potential of RhoA overexpression in human melanoma cells. J Invest
Dermatol. 119:1172–1176. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
44
|
Fritz G, Just I and Kaina B: Rho GTPases
are over-expressed in human tumors. Int J Cancer. 81:682–687. 1999.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
45
|
Kamai T, Tsujii T, Arai K, Takagi K, Asami
H, Ito Y and Oshima H: Significant association of Rho/ROCK pathway
with invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res.
9:2632–2641. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
46
|
Pan Y, Bi F, Liu N, Xue Y, Yao X, Zheng Y
and Fan D: Expression of seven main Rho family members in gastric
carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 315:686–691. 2004.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
47
|
Jiang WG, Watkins G, Lane J, Cunnick GH,
Douglas-Jones A, Mokbel K and Mansel RE: Prognostic value of rho
GTPases and rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors in human
breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 9:6432–6440. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
48
|
Shin DH, Chun YS, Lee KH, Shin HW and Park
JW: Arrest defective-1 controls tumor cell behavior by acetylating
myosin light chain kinase. PLoS One. 4:e74512009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
49
|
Kidera Y, Tsubaki M, Yamazoe Y, Shoji K,
Nakamura H, Ogaki M, Satou T, Itoh T, Isozaki M, Kaneko J, et al:
Reduction of lung metastasis, cell invasion, and adhesion in mouse
melanoma by statin-induced blockade of the Rho/Rho-associated
coiled-coil-containing protein kinase pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer
Res. 29:1272010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
50
|
Larrea MD, Wander SA and Slingerland JM:
p27 as Jekyll and Hyde: Regulation of cell cycle and cell motility.
Cell Cycle. 8:3455–3461. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
51
|
Hoshino D, Tomari T, Nagano M, Koshikawa N
and Seiki M: A novel protein associated with membrane-type 1 matrix
metalloproteinase binds p27 (kip1) and regulates RhoA activation,
actin remodeling, and matrigel invasion. J Biol Chem.
284:27315–27326. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
