Therapeutic effects of paeonol on methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/probenecid-induced Parkinson's disease in mice

Shi,Xiaojin; Chen,Yu‑Hua; Liu,Hao; Qu,Hong‑Dang

doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.5573

Therapeutic effects of paeonol on methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/probenecid-induced Parkinson's disease in mice

Authors:
- Xiaojin Shi
- Yu‑Hua Chen
- Hao Liu
- Hong‑Dang Qu
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Affiliations: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
Published online on: July 28, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5573
Pages: 2397-2404
Copyright: © Shi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Paeonol is a major phenolic compound of the Chinese herb, Cortex Moutan, and is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties. The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of paeonol on a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/probenecid (MPTP/p)-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). MPTP (25 mg/kg), followed by probenecid (250 mg/kg), was administered via i.p. injection for five consecutive days to induce the mouse model of PD. Paeonol (20 mg/kg) was administrated orally for 21 days. Behavior was assessed using the rotarod performance and open‑field tests. Additionally, the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), microglia, interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β), and brain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. MPTP/p‑induced motor deficits were observed to be significantly improved following long‑term treatment with paeonol. Paeonol treatment decreased MPTP/p‑induced oxidative stress, as determined by evaluating the activity levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione. Additionally, MPTP/p‑induced neuroinflammation was assessed by examining the levels of microglia and IL‑1β, which were significantly decreased following paeonol treatment. Paeonol treatment improved the MPTP/p‑induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration, as measured by observing the increased TH level in the SNpc. Furthermore, the BDNF level was significantly elevated in the paeonol treatment group compared with mice treated with MPTP/p only. In conclusion, paeonol exerted therapeutic effects in the MPTP/p‑induced mouse model of PD, possibly by decreasing the damage from oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and by enhancing the neurotrophic effect on dopaminergic neurons. The results demonstrate paeonol as a potential novel treatment for PD.

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