Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
January-2017 Volume 15 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
January-2017 Volume 15 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats

  • Authors:
    • Chunlai Fu
    • Xingui Dai
    • You Yang
    • Mengxiang Lin
    • Yeping Cai
    • Shaoxi Cai
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China, Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Translation Medicine, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, P.R. China, Medical Imaging Center, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Translation Medicine, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, P.R. China, Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Fu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 131-138
    |
    Published online on: December 9, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.6012
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Previous studies have identified that dexmedetomidine (DEX) treatment can ameliorate the acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide and ischemia-reperfusion. However, the molecular mechanisms by which DEX ameliorates lung injury remain unclear. The present study investigated whether DEX, which has been reported to exert effects on oxidative stress, mitochondrial permeability transition pores and apoptosis in other disease types, can exert protective effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced ALI by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial‑dependent apoptosis. It was revealed that LPS‑challenged rats exhibited significant lung injury, characterized by the deterioration of histopathology, vascular hyperpermeability, wet‑to‑dry weight ratio and oxygenation index (PaO2/FIO2), which was attenuated by DEX treatment. DEX treatment inhibited LPS‑induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as evidenced by alleviating the cellular ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential in vitro. In addition, DEX treatment markedly prevented the LPS‑induced mitochondrial‑dependent apoptotic pathway in vitro (increases of cell apoptotic rate, cytosolic cytochrome c, and caspase 3 activity) and in vivo (increases of |terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‑end labeling positive cells, cleaved caspase 3, Bax upregulation and Bcl‑2 downregulation). Furthermore, DEX treatment markedly attenuated LPS‑induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by downregulation of cellular reactive oxygen species in vitro and lipid peroxides in serum. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that DEX ameliorates LPS‑induced ALI by reducing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Aschner Y, Zemans RL, Yamashita CM and Downey GP: Matrix metalloproteinases and protein tyrosine kinases: Potential novel targets in acute lung injury and ARDS. CHEST. 146:1081–1091. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Xu Y, Ito T, Fushimi S, Takahashi S, Itakura J, Kimura R, Sato M, Mino M, Yoshimura A and Matsukawa A: Spred-2 deficiency exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation in mice. PLOS One. 9:e1089142014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Ito Y, Correll K, Schiel JA, Finigan JH, Prekeris R and Mason RJ: Lung fibroblasts accelerate wound closure in human alveolar epithelial cells through hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 307:L94–L105. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Gonzales JN, Gorshkov B, Varn MN, Zemskova MA, Zemskov EA, Sridhar S, Lucas R and Verin AD: Protective effect of adenosine receptors against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 306:L497–L507. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Martínez-González I, Roca O, Masclans JR, Moreno R, Salcedo MT, Baekelandt V, Cruz MJ, Rello J and Aran JM: Human mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing the IL-33 antagonist soluble IL-1 receptor-like-1 attenuate endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 49:552–562. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Wang W, Xie Q, Zhou X, Yao J, Zhu X, Huang P, Zhang L, Wei J, Xie H, Zhou L and Zheng S: Mitofusin-2 triggers mitochondria Ca2+ influx from the endoplasmic reticulum to induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett. 358:47–58. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Sinha K, Das J, Pal PB and Sil PC: Oxidative stress: The mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways of apoptosis. Arch Toxicol. 87:1157–1180. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Liu G, Zhang J, Chen H, Wang C, Qiu Y, Liu Y, Wan J and Guo H: Effects and mechanisms of alveolar type II epithelial cell apoptosis in severe pancreatitis-induced acute lung injury. Exp Ther Med. 7:565–572. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Bhandari V, Choo-Wing R, Lee CG, Zhu Z, Nedrelow JH, Chupp GL, Zhang X, Matthay MA, Ware LB, Homer RJ, et al: Hyperoxia causes angiopoietin 2-mediated acute lung injury and necrotic cell death. Nat Med. 12:1286–1293. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Kujoth GC, Hiona A, Pugh TD, Someya S, Panzer K, Wohlgemuth SE, Hofer T, Seo AY, Sullivan R, Jobling WA, et al: Mitochondrial DNA mutations, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in mammalian aging. Science. 309:481–484. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Green DR and Kroemer G: The pathophysiology of mitochondrial cell death. Science. 305:626–629. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Khalil WK, Assaf N, ElShebiney SA and Salem NA: Neuroprotective effects of bee venom acupuncture therapy against rotenone-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Neurochem int. 80:79–86. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Lakhani SA, Masud A, Kuida K, Porter GA Jr, Booth CJ, Mehal WZ, Inayat I and Flavell RA: Caspases 3 and 7: Key mediators of mitochondrial events of apoptosis. Science. 311:847–851. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Chen CH, Chen SJ, Su CC, Yen CC, Tseng TJ, Jinn TR, Tang FC, Chen KL, Su YC, Lee KI, et al: Chloroacetic acid induced neuronal cells death through oxidative stress-mediated p38-MAPK activation pathway regulated mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signals. Toxicology. 303:72–82. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Singh BK, Tripathi M, Chaudhari BP, Pandey PK and Kakkar P: Natural terpenes prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and release of apoptotic proteins during nimesulide-hepatotoxicity in rats. Plos One. 7:e342002012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Chen C, Zhang Z, Chen K, Zhang F, Peng M and Wang Y: Dexmedetomidine regulates inflammatory molecules contributing to ventilator-induced lung injury in dogs. J Surg Res. 187:211–218. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Gu J, Chen J, Xia P, Tao G, Zhao H and Ma D: Dexmedetomidine attenuates remote lung injury induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion in mice. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 55:1272–1278. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Cavalcanti V, Santos CL, Samary CS, Araújo MN, Heil LB, Morales MM, Silva PL, Pelosi P, Fernandes FC, Villela N and Rocco PR: Effects of short-term propofol and dexmedetomidine on pulmonary morphofunction and biological markers in experimental mild acute lung injury. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 203:45–50. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Sen V, Guzel A, Sen HS, Ece A, Uluca U, Söker S, Doğan E, Kaplan İ and Deveci E: Preventive effects of dexmedetomidine on the liver in a rat model of acid-induced acute lung injury. Biomed Res Int. 2014:6218272014.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Hwang L, Choi IY, Kim SE, Ko IG, Shin MS, Kim CJ, Kim SH, Jin JJ, Chung JY and Yi JW: Dexmedetomidine ameliorates intracerebral hemorrhage-induced memory impairment by inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the rat hippocampus. Int J Mol Med. 31:1047–1056. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

21 

Zhang XY, Liu ZM, Wen SH, Li YS, Li Y, Yao X, Huang WQ and Liu KX: Dexmedetomidine administration before, but not after, ischemia attenuates intestinal injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Anesthesiology. 116:1035–1046. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Xiang H, Hu B, Li Z and Li J: Dexmedetomidine controls systemic cytokine levels through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Inflammation. 37:1763–1770. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Zhang X, Wang J, Qian W, Zhao J, Sun L, Qian Y and Xiao H: Dexmedetomidine inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated astrocytes by suppression of c-Jun N-terminal kinases. Inflammation. 37:942–949. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Jiang C, Xia M, Wang M and Chen S: Dexmedetomidine preconditioning protects isolated rat hearts against ischemia/reperfusion injuries and its mechanism. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 42:326–330. 2013.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

25 

Chiu KM, Lin TY, Lu CW and Wang SJ: Inhibitory effect of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals by α2 adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine. Eur J Pharmacol. 670:137–147. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Kishikawa H, Kobayashi K, Takemori K, Okabe T, Ito K and Sakamoto A: The effects of dexmedetomidine on human neutrophil apoptosis. Biomed Res. 29:189–194. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Xie K, Yu Y, Huang Y, Zheng L, Li J, Chen H, Han H, Hou L, Gong G and Wang G: Molecular hydrogen ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice through reducing inflammation and apoptosis. Shock. 37:548–555. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Childs EW, Tharakan B, Hunter FA, Tinsley JH and Cao X: Apoptotic signaling induces hyperpermeability following hemorrhagic shock. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 292:H3179–H3189. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Kumpf O, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Koch A, Hamann L, Mouktaroudi M, Oh DY, Latz E, Lorenz E, Schwartz DA, Ferwerda B, et al: Influence of genetic variations in TLR4 and TIRAP/Mal on the course of sepsis and pneumonia and cytokine release: An observational study in three cohorts. Crit Care. 14:R1032010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Saluk-Juszczak J and Wachowicz B: The proinflammatory activity of lipopolysaccharide. Postepy Biochem. 51:280–287. 2005.(In Polish). PubMed/NCBI

31 

Renault TT, Floros KV, Elkholi R, Corrigan KA, Kushnareva Y, Wieder SY, Lindtner C, Serasinghe MN, Asciolla JJ, Buettner C, et al: Mitochondrial shape governs BAX-induced membrane permeabilization and apoptosis. Mol Cell. 57:69–82. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Llambi F and Green DR: Apoptosis and oncogenesis: Give and take in the BCL-2 family. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 21:12–20. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Liu Y, Zeng X, Hui Y, Zhu C, Wu J, Taylor DH, Ji J, Fan W, Huang Z and Hu J: Activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors protects astrocytes against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Neuropharmacology. 91:87–96. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Matés JM, Segura JA, Alonso FJ and Márquez J: Oxidative stress in apoptosis and cancer: An update. Arch Toxicol. 86:1649–1665. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Wang X, Song R, Chen Y, Zhao M and Zhao K: Polydatin-a new mitochondria protector for acute severe hemorrhagic shock treatment. Expert Opin Inv Drug. 22:169–179. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Fu C, Dai X, Yang Y, Lin M, Cai Y and Cai S: Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats. Mol Med Rep 15: 131-138, 2017.
APA
Fu, C., Dai, X., Yang, Y., Lin, M., Cai, Y., & Cai, S. (2017). Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats. Molecular Medicine Reports, 15, 131-138. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.6012
MLA
Fu, C., Dai, X., Yang, Y., Lin, M., Cai, Y., Cai, S."Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats". Molecular Medicine Reports 15.1 (2017): 131-138.
Chicago
Fu, C., Dai, X., Yang, Y., Lin, M., Cai, Y., Cai, S."Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats". Molecular Medicine Reports 15, no. 1 (2017): 131-138. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.6012
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Fu C, Dai X, Yang Y, Lin M, Cai Y and Cai S: Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats. Mol Med Rep 15: 131-138, 2017.
APA
Fu, C., Dai, X., Yang, Y., Lin, M., Cai, Y., & Cai, S. (2017). Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats. Molecular Medicine Reports, 15, 131-138. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.6012
MLA
Fu, C., Dai, X., Yang, Y., Lin, M., Cai, Y., Cai, S."Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats". Molecular Medicine Reports 15.1 (2017): 131-138.
Chicago
Fu, C., Dai, X., Yang, Y., Lin, M., Cai, Y., Cai, S."Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats". Molecular Medicine Reports 15, no. 1 (2017): 131-138. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.6012
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team