Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
May-2017 Volume 15 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2017 Volume 15 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury

  • Authors:
    • Ting‑Qin Huang
    • Jin‑Ning Song
    • Feng‑Wei Zheng
    • Hong‑Gang Pang
    • Yong‑Lin Zhao
    • Hua Gu
    • Jun‑Jie Zhao
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 3001-3010
    |
    Published online on: March 22, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6350
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is the most common and significant pathological features of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, there are still no effective drugs to combat the formation and progression of DAI in affected individuals. FK506, also known as tacrolimus, is an immunosuppressive drug, which is widely used in transplantation medicine for the reduction of allograft rejection. Previous studies have identified that FK506 may play an important role in the nerve protective effect of the central nervous system. In the present study, apoptosis of neuronal cells was observed following the induction of experimental DAI. The results demonstrated that it was closely related with the upregulation of death‑associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). It was hypothesized that FK506 may inhibit the activity of DAPK1 by inhibiting calcineurin activity, which may be primarily involved in anti‑apoptosis following DAI induction. Through researching the expression of nerve regeneration associated proteins (NF‑H and GAP‑43) following DAI, the present study provides novel data to suggest that FK506 promotes axon formation and nerve regeneration following experimental DAI. Therefore, FK506 may be a potent therapeutic for inhibiting nerve injury, as well as promoting the nerve regeneration following DAI.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Smith DH, Hicks R and Povlishock JT: Therapy development for diffuse axonal injury. J Neurotrauma. 30:307–323. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Johnson VE, Stewart W and Smith DH: Axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol. 246:35–43. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Smith DH, Meaney DF and Shull WH: Diffuse axonal injury in head trauma. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 18:307–316. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Struffert T, Axmann C and Reith W: Craniocerebral trauma. 2: Intra-axial injuries, secondary injuries. Radiologe. 43:1001–1014; quiz 1015–1016. 2003.(In German). View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Toupalík P, Klír P, Bouska I and Chadová L: Immunohistochemical methods in the differential diagnosis of primary traumatic and subsequent secondary cerebral changes. Soud Lek. 45:18–21. 2000.(In Czech). PubMed/NCBI

6 

Tavanti F, Coppola V, Romano A, Beccia M, Giuliani G, Pierallini A and Bozzao A: Diffuse axonal injury with selective involvement of the corticospinal tract. A diffusion tensor imaging case study. Neuroradiol J. 27:397–399. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Jing G, Yao X, Li Y, Xie Y, Li WX, Liu K, Jing Y, Li B, Lv Y and Ma B: Mild hypothermia for treatment of diffuse axonal injury: A quantitative analysis of diffusion tensor imaging. Neural Regen Res. 9:190–197. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Kwon HG and Jang SH: The usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging in detection of diffuse axonal injury in a patient with head trauma. Neural Regen Res. 7:475–478. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Babaee A, Eftekhar-Vaghefi SH, Asadi-Shekaari M, Shahrokhi N, Soltani SD, Malekpour-Afshar R and Basiri M: Melatonin treatment reduces astrogliosis and apoptosis in rats with traumatic brain injury. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 18:867–872. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

10 

Wang JF, Li Y, Song JN and Pang HG: Role of hydrogen sulfide in secondary neuronal injury. Neurochem Int. 64:37–47. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Hilton GD, Stoica BA, Byrnes KR and Faden AI: Roscovitine reduces neuronal loss, glial activation, and neurologic deficits after brain trauma. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 28:1845–1859. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Ma Y, Liu W, Wang Y, Chao X, Qu Y, Wang K and Fei Z: VEGF protects rat cortical neurons from mechanical trauma injury induced apoptosis via the MEK/ERK pathway. Brain Res Bull. 86:441–446. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Hardingham GE and Bading H: Synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signalling: Implications for neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci. 11:682–696. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Fontana Karklin AC, Fox DP, Zoubroulis A, Mortensen Valente O and Raghupathi R: Neuroprotective effects of the glutamate transporter activator (R)-(−)-5-methyl-1-nicotinoyl-2-pyrazoline (MS-153) following traumatic brain injury in the adult rat. J Neurotrauma. 33:1073–1083. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Armstrong RC, Mierzwa AJ, Marion CM and Sullivan GM: White matter involvement after TBI: Clues to axon and myelin repair capacity. Exp Neurol. 275:328–333. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Tang-Schomer MD, Patel AR, Baas PW and Smith DH: Mechanical breaking of microtubules in axons during dynamic stretch injury underlies delayed elasticity, microtubule disassembly and axon degeneration. FASEB J. 24:1401–1410. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Brizuela M, Blizzard CA, Chuckowree JA, Dawkins E, Gasperini RJ, Young KM and Dickson TC: The microtubule-stabilizing drug Epothilone D increases axonal sprouting following transection injury in vitro. Mol Cell Neurosci. 66:129–140. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Zawadzka M and Kaminska B: A novel mechanism of FK506-mediated neuroprotection: Downregulation of cytokine expression in glial cells. Glia. 49:36–51. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Shichinohe H, Kuroda S, Abumiya T, Ikeda J, Kobayashi T, Yoshimoto T and Iwasaki Y: FK506 reduces infarct volume due to permanent focal cerebral ischemia by maintaining BAD turnover and inhibiting cytochrome c release. Brain Res. 1001:51–59. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Gabryel B, Bielecka A, Stolecka A, Bernacki J and Langfort J: Cytosolic phospholipase A2 inhibition is involved in the protective effect of nortriptyline in primary astrocyte cultures exposed to combined oxygen-glucose deprivation. Pharmacol Rep. 62:814–826. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Singleton RH, Stone JR, Okonkwo DO, Pellicane AJ and Povlishock JT: The immunophilin ligand FK506 attenuates axonal injury in an impact-acceleration model of traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 18:607–614. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Marmarou CR and Povlishock JT: Administration of the immunophilin ligand FK506 differentially attenuates neurofilament compaction and impaired axonal transport in injured axons following diffuse traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol. 197:353–362. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Reeves TM, Phillips LL, Lee NN and Povlishock JT: Preferential neuroprotective effect of tacrolimus (FK506) on unmyelinated axons following traumatic brain injury. Brain Res. 1154:225–236. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Tu W, Xu X, Peng L, Zhong X, Zhang W, Soundarapandian MM, Balel C, Wang M, Jia N, Zhang W, et al: DAPK1 interaction with NMDA receptor NR2B subunits mediates brain damage in stroke. Cell. 140:222–234. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Bialik S and Kimchi A: The death-associated protein kinases: Structure, function, and beyond. Annu Rev Biochem. 75:189–210. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Pelled D, Raveh T, Riebeling C, Fridkin M, Berissi H, Futerman AH and Kimchi A: Death-associated protein (DAP) kinase plays a central role in ceramide-induced apoptosis in cultured hippocampal neurons. J Biol Chem. 277:1957–1961. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Kato S, Matsukawa T, Koriyama Y, Sugitani K and Ogai K: A molecular mechanism of optic nerve regeneration in fish: The retinoid signaling pathway. Prog Retin Eye Res. 37:13–30. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Liu F, Liao F, Li W, Han Y and Liao D: Progesterone alters Nogo-A, GFAP and GAP-43 expression in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. Mol Med Rep. 9:1225–1231. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Benowitz LI and Routtenberg A: GAP-43: An intrinsic determinant of neuronal development and plasticity. Trends Neurosci. 20:84–91. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Zhang YM, Zhang YQ, Cheng SB, Chen SX, Chen AL and Tang CZ: Effect of acupuncture on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in brain tissues of rats with traumatic brain injury. Chin J Integr Med. 19:132–136. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Zurek J and Fedora M: The usefulness of S100B, NSE, GFAP, NF-H, secretagogin and Hsp70 as a predictive biomarker of outcome in children with traumatic brain injury. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 154:93–103. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Li Y, Song J, Liu X, Zhang M, An J, Sun P, Li D, Jin T and Wang J: High expression of STIM1 in the early stages of diffuse axonal injury. Brain Res. 1495:95–102. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Xiao-Sheng H, Sheng-Yu Y, Xiang Z, Zhou F and Jian-ning Z: Diffuse axonal injury due to lateral head rotation in a rat model. J Neurosurg. 93:626–633. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Xiao-Sheng H, Gui-Tao Y, Xiang Z and Zhou F: A morphological study of diffuse axonal injury in a rat model by lateral head rotation trauma. Acta Neurol Belg. 110:49–56. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

35 

Marsland TA, Glees P and Erikson LB: Modification of the Glees silver impregnation for paraffin sections. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 13:587–591. 1954. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Ng HK, Mahaliyana RD and Poon WS: The pathological spectrum of diffuse axonal injury in blunt head trauma: Assessment with axon and myelin strains. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 96:24–31. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Maroon H, Walshe J, Mahmood R, Kiefer P, Dickson C and Mason I: Fgf3 and Fgf8 are required together for formation of the otic placode and vesicle. Development. 129:2099–2108. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

38 

Jia X, Cong B, Wang S, Dong L, Ma C and Li Y: Secondary damage caused by CD11b+ microglia following diffuse axonal injury in rats. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 73:1168–1174. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Logsdon AF, Lucke-Wold BP, Turner RC, Huber JD, Rosen CL and Simpkins JW: Role of microvascular disruption in brain damage from traumatic brain injury. Compr Physiol. 5:1147–1160. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Dressler J and Vemuganti R: Apoptosis and gene expression after TBI. Leg Med (Tokyo). 11:(Suppl 1). S54–S55. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Mao Z, Song Z, Li G, Lv W, Zhao X, Li B, Feng X and Chen Y: 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin intervenes with neural cell apoptosis following diffuse axonal injury. Neural Regen Res. 8:133–142. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

42 

Aberg M, Johnell M, Wickstrom M and Siegbahn A: Tissue Factor/FVIIa prevents the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis by regulation of the tumor suppressor Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 (DAPK1). Thromb Res. 127:141–148. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Yoo HJ, Byun HJ, Kim BR, Lee KH, Park SY and Rho SB: DAPk1 inhibits NF-κB activation through TNF-α and INF-γ-induced apoptosis. Cell Signal. 24:1471–1477. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Martoriati A, Doumont G, Alcalay M, Bellefroid E, Pelicci PG and Marine JC: dapk1, encoding an activator of a p19ARF-p53-mediated apoptotic checkpoint, is a transcription target of p53. Oncogene. 24:1461–1466. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Pei L, Shang Y, Jin H, Wang S, Wei N, Yan H, Wu Y, Yao C, Wang X, Zhu LQ and Lu Y: DAPK1-p53 interaction converges necrotic and apoptotic pathways of ischemic neuronal death. J Neurosci. 34:6546–6556. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Tian J, Cheng J, Zhang J, Ye L, Zhang F, Dong Q, Wang H and Fu F: Protection of pyruvate against glutamate excitotoxicity is mediated by regulating DAPK1 protein complex. PLoS One. 9:e957772014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Lai TW, Zhang S and Wang YT: Excitotoxicity and stroke: Identifying novel targets for neuroprotection. Prog Neurobiol. 115:157–188. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Shamloo M, Soriano L, Wieloch T, Nikolich K, Urfer R and Oksenberg D: Death-associated protein kinase is activated by dephosphorylation in response to cerebral ischemia. J Biol Chem. 280:42290–42299. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Fujita Y and Yamashita T: Role of DAPK in neuronal cell death. Apoptosis. 19:339–345. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Nair S, Hagberg H, Krishnamurthy R, Thornton C and Mallard C: Death associated protein kinases: Molecular structure and brain injury. Int J Mol Sci. 14:13858–13872. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Schumacher AM, Velentza AV and Watterson DM: Death-associated protein kinase as a potential therapeutic target. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 6:497–506. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Wang HL, Du YW, Xiang BQ, Lin WL and Wei Q: The regulatory domains of CNA have different effects on the inhibition of CN activity by FK506 and CsA. IUBMB Life. 59:388–393. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Shaw G, Yang C, Ellis R, Anderson K, Mickle Parker J, Scheff S, Pike B, Anderson DK and Howland DR: Hyperphosphorylated neurofilament NF-H is a serum biomarker of axonal injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 336:1268–1277. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Bavetta S, Hamlyn PJ, Burnstock G, Lieberman AR and Anderson PN: The effects of FK506 on dorsal column axons following spinal cord injury in adult rats: Neuroprotection and local regeneration. Exp Neurol. 158:382–393. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Huang HL, Li JM and Zhao YN: Effect of shenxiong huayu capsule on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and the expression of GAP43 in hippocampal CA1 of rats. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 34:185–190. 2014.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

56 

Williams RR, Venkatesh I, Pearse DD, Udvadia AJ and Bunge MB: MASH1/Ascl1a leads to GAP43 expression and axon regeneration in the adult CNS. PLoS One. 10:e01189182015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Hulsebosch CE, DeWitt DS, Jenkins LW and Prough DS: Traumatic brain injury in rats results in increased expression of Gap-43 that correlates with behavioral recovery. Neurosci Lett. 255:83–86. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Li H, Dokas LA, Godfrey DA and Rubin AM: Remodeling of synaptic connections in the deafferented vestibular nuclear complex. J Vestib Res. 12:167–183. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

59 

Baumgärtel K and Mansuy IM: Neural functions of calcineurin in synaptic plasticity and memory. Learn Mem. 19:375–384. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Boczek T, Ferenc B, Lisek M and Zylinska L: Regulation of GAP43/calmodulin complex formation via calcineurin-dependent mechanism in differentiated PC12 cells with altered PMCA isoforms composition. Mol Cell Biochem. 407:251–262. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Huang TQ, Song JN, Zheng FW, Pang HG, Zhao YL, Gu H and Zhao JJ: Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury. Mol Med Rep 15: 3001-3010, 2017.
APA
Huang, T., Song, J., Zheng, F., Pang, H., Zhao, Y., Gu, H., & Zhao, J. (2017). Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury. Molecular Medicine Reports, 15, 3001-3010. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6350
MLA
Huang, T., Song, J., Zheng, F., Pang, H., Zhao, Y., Gu, H., Zhao, J."Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury". Molecular Medicine Reports 15.5 (2017): 3001-3010.
Chicago
Huang, T., Song, J., Zheng, F., Pang, H., Zhao, Y., Gu, H., Zhao, J."Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury". Molecular Medicine Reports 15, no. 5 (2017): 3001-3010. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6350
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Huang TQ, Song JN, Zheng FW, Pang HG, Zhao YL, Gu H and Zhao JJ: Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury. Mol Med Rep 15: 3001-3010, 2017.
APA
Huang, T., Song, J., Zheng, F., Pang, H., Zhao, Y., Gu, H., & Zhao, J. (2017). Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury. Molecular Medicine Reports, 15, 3001-3010. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6350
MLA
Huang, T., Song, J., Zheng, F., Pang, H., Zhao, Y., Gu, H., Zhao, J."Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury". Molecular Medicine Reports 15.5 (2017): 3001-3010.
Chicago
Huang, T., Song, J., Zheng, F., Pang, H., Zhao, Y., Gu, H., Zhao, J."Protection of FK506 against neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury following experimental diffuse axonal injury". Molecular Medicine Reports 15, no. 5 (2017): 3001-3010. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6350
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team