Chitosan promotes immune responses, ameliorating total mature white blood cell numbers, but increases glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and ameliorates lactate dehydrogenase levels in leukemia mice in vivo

Yeh,Ming‑Yang; Shih,Yung‑Luen; Chung,Hsueh‑Yu; Chou,Jason; Lu,Hsu‑Feng; Liu,Chia‑Hui; Liu,Jia‑You; Huang,Wen‑Wen; Peng,Shu‑Fen; Wu,Lung‑Yuan; Chung,Jing‑Gung

doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.6923

Chitosan promotes immune responses, ameliorating total mature white blood cell numbers, but increases glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and ameliorates lactate dehydrogenase levels in leukemia mice in vivo

Authors:
- Ming‑Yang Yeh
- Yung‑Luen Shih
- Hsueh‑Yu Chung
- Jason Chou
- Hsu‑Feng Lu
- Chia‑Hui Liu
- Jia‑You Liu
- Wen‑Wen Huang
- Shu‑Fen Peng
- Lung‑Yuan Wu
- Jing‑Gung Chung
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Affiliations: Office of Director, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of School of Medicine, Fu‑Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan, R.O.C., Jen‑Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli County 356, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., The Center of General Education, Chia‑Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., The School of Chinese Medicine for Post‑Baccalaureate, I‑Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Published online on: July 5, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6923
Pages: 2483-2490
Copyright: © Yeh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chitosan (a naturally derived polymer) on the immune responses and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in WEHI‑3 cell‑generated leukemia mice. Mice were divided into control, WEHI‑3 control, acetic acid (vehicle)‑treated, and 5 and 20 mg/kg chitosan‑treated groups. Mice were subsequently weighed, blood was collected, and liver and spleen samples were isolated and weighed. Blood samples were measured for cell markers, the spleen underwent phagocytosis and natural killer (NK) cell activity examination, and cell proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometry. Chitosan did not significantly affect the weights of body, liver and spleen at 5 and 20 mg/kg treatment. Chitosan increased the percentage of CD3 (T cells marker), decreased the levels of CD19 (B‑cell marker) and CD11b at 5 mg/kg treatment, and decreased the levels of Mac‑3 at 5 and 20 mg/kg treatment. Chitosan significantly increased macrophage phagocytosis of PBMCs, but did not significantly affect macrophage phagocytosis in the peritoneal cavity. Chitosan treatment did not significantly affect the cytotoxic activity of NK cells, and also did not affect T- and B-cell proliferation. Chitosan significantly increased total white blood cell numbers, and GOT and GPT activities were both significantly increased. However, chitosan did not significantly affect LDH activity in leukemia mice. Chitosan may aid in future studies on improving immune responses in the treatment of leukemia.

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