Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
September-2017 Volume 16 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2017 Volume 16 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line

Retraction in: /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124
  • Authors:
    • Bin Lu
    • Yue Zhou
    • Zhongzhou Su
    • Ai Yan
    • Peng Ding
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
  • Pages: 3387-3394
    |
    Published online on: July 15, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6995
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Glioma is one of the most common types of tumor of the central nervous system. Increased expression of C‑C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) has previously been observed in various types of cancer. The effect of CCL2 small interfering (si)RNA on the proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis of the glioma cell line U251 was investigated in the present study. Data on CCL2 expression in glioma and normal tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A total of 30 patients with glioma were enrolled in the present study. Cell proliferation was measured using a Cell Counting kit‑8 assay, while cellular apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were examined using flow cytometric analysis. The reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to measure the expression levels of biological pathway‑associated proteins caspase‑3, caspase‑7, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10C (TNFRSF10C), growth regulated α protein (CXCL1), C‑X‑C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2), C‑X‑C chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)A, VEGFB and VEGF. In addition, the mechanism of cellular apoptosis was analyzed by examining the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑related kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (p38) in cells treated with the C‑C chemokine receptor type 2 inhibitor RS‑102895. CCL2 was observed to be expressed in the glioma cell line U251 and was inhibited by CCL2 siRNA. Cells transfected with CCL2 siRNA exhibited inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest and increased cellular apoptosis. The expression levels of the apoptosis‑associated proteins caspase‑3, caspase‑7 and TNFRSF10C were observed to be downregulated, in addition to those of the angiogenesis‑associated proteins CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCR2, VEGFA, VEGFB and VEGF. The decrease in the rate of phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 demonstrated the involvement of the mitogen‑activated protein kinase/ERK pathway in apoptosis. In conclusion, CCL2 siRNA exhibited effective inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the glioma cell line U251, which may provide a theoretical basis for the use of CCL2 in in vivo research and clinical treatment as a novel anticancer agent.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Ohgaki H: Epidemiology of brain tumors. Methods Mol Biol. 472:323–342. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Zhang J, Sarkar S, Cua R, Zhou Y, Hader W and Yong VW: A dialog between glioma and microglia that promotes tumor invasiveness through the CCL2/CCR2/interleukin-6 axis. Carcinogenesis. 33:312–319. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Deshmane SL, Kremlev S, Amini S and Sawaya BE: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1): An overview. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 29:313–326. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Yoshimura T, Yuhki N, Moore SK, Appella E, Lerman MI and Leonard EJ: Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Full-length cDNA cloning, expression in mitogen-stimulated blood mononuclear leukocytes, and sequence similarity to mouse competence gene JE. FEBS Lett. 244:487–493. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Dagouassat M, Suffee N, Hlawaty H, Haddad O, Charni F, Laguillier C, Vassy R, Martin L, Schischmanoff PO, Gattegno L, et al: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 secreted by hepatic myofibroblasts promotes migration and invasion of human hepatoma cells. Int J Cancer. 126:1095–1098. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Cho YA and Kim J: Association of polymorphisms in the MCP-1 and CCR2 genes with the risk of cancer: A meta-analysis. Cytokine. 64:213–220. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Horuk R: Chemokines. ScientificWorldJournal. 7:224–232. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Balkwill F: Cancer and the chemokine network. Nat Rev Cancer. 4:540–550. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Nyberg P, Salo T and Kalluri R: Tumor microenvironment and angiogenesis. Front Biosci. 13:6537–6553. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Kruizinga RC, Bestebroer J, Berghuis P, de Haas CJ, Links TP, de Vries EG and Walenkamp AM: Role of chemokines and their receptors in cancer. Curr Pharm Des. 15:3396–3416. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Wang D, Wang H, Brown J, Daikoku T, Ning W, Shi Q, Richmond A, Strieter R, Dey SK and DuBois RN: CXCL1 induced by prostaglandin E2 promotes angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. J Exp Med. 203:941–951. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Balentien E, Mufson BE, Shattuck RL, Derynck R and Richmond A: Effects of MGSA/GRO alpha on melanocyte transformation. Oncogene. 6:1115–1124. 1991.PubMed/NCBI

13 

Haghnegahdar H, Du J, Wang D, Strieter RM, Burdick MD, Nanney LB, Cardwell N, Luan J, Shattuck-Brandt R and Richmond A: The tumorigenic and angiogenic effects of MGSA/GRO proteins in melanoma. J Leukoc Biol. 67:53–62. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Zhou Y, Zhang J, Liu Q, Bell R, Muruve DA, Forsyth P, Arcellana-Panlilio M, Robbins S and Yong VW: The chemokine GRO-alpha (CXCL1) confers increased tumorigenicity to glioma cells. Carcinogenesis. 26:2058–2068. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Di Cesare S, Marshall JC, Logan P, Antecka E, Faingold D, Maloney SC and Burnier MN Jr: Expression and migratory analysis of 5 human uveal melanoma cell lines for CXCL12, CXCL8, CXCL1, and HGF. J Carcinog. 6:22007.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Pham K, Luo D, Liu C and Harrison JK: CCL5, CCR1 and CCR5 in murine glioblastoma: Immune cell infiltration and survival rates are not dependent on individual expression of either CCR1 or CCR5. J Neuroimmunol. 246:10–17. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Owen JD, Strieter R, Burdick M, Haghnegahdar H, Nanney L, Shattuck-Brandt R and Richmond A: Enhanced tumor-forming capacity for immortalized melanocytes expressing melanoma growth stimulatory activity/growth-regulated cytokine beta and gamma proteins. Int J Cancer. 73:94–103. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Miyake M, Goodison S, Urquidi V, Giacoia E Gomes and Rosser CJ: Expression of CXCL1 in human endothelial cells induces angiogenesis through the CXCR2 receptor and the ERK1/2 and EGF pathways. Lab Invest. 93:768–778. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Kuroda T, Kitadai Y, Tanaka S, Yang X, Mukaida N, Yoshihara M and Chayama K: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 transfection induces angiogenesis and tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoma in nude mice via macrophage recruitment. Clin Cancer Res. 11:7629–7636. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Urushihara M, Ohashi N, Miyata K, Satou R, Acres OW and Kobori H: Addition of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker to CCR2 antagonist markedly attenuates crescentic glomerulonephritis. Hypertension. 57:586–593. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Futagami S, Tatsuguchi A, Hiratsuka T, Shindo T, Horie A, Hamamoto T, Ueki N, Kusunoki M, Miyake K, Gudis K, et al: Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and CD40 ligation have a synergistic effect on vascular endothelial growth factor production through cyclooxygenase 2 upregulation in gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol. 43:216–224. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Saji H, Koike M, Yamori T, Saji S, Seiki M, Matsushima K and Toi M: Significant correlation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression with neovascularization and progression of breast carcinoma. Cancer. 92:1085–1091. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Rafei M, Deng J, Boivin MN, Williams P, Matulis SM, Yuan S, Birman E, Forner K, Yuan L, Castellino C, et al: A MCP1 fusokine with CCR2-specific tumoricidal activity. Mol Cancer. 10:1212011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Roux PP and Blenis J: ERK and p38 MAPK-activated protein kinases: A family of protein kinases with diverse biological functions. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 68:320–344. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Tang CH and Tsai CC: CCL2 increases MMP-9 expression and cell motility in human chondrosarcoma cells via the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 83:335–344. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Lu B, Zhou Y, Su Z, Yan A and Ding P: Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124. Mol Med Rep 16: 3387-3394, 2017.
APA
Lu, B., Zhou, Y., Su, Z., Yan, A., & Ding, P. (2017). Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124. Molecular Medicine Reports, 16, 3387-3394. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6995
MLA
Lu, B., Zhou, Y., Su, Z., Yan, A., Ding, P."Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124". Molecular Medicine Reports 16.3 (2017): 3387-3394.
Chicago
Lu, B., Zhou, Y., Su, Z., Yan, A., Ding, P."Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124". Molecular Medicine Reports 16, no. 3 (2017): 3387-3394. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6995
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Lu B, Zhou Y, Su Z, Yan A and Ding P: Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124. Mol Med Rep 16: 3387-3394, 2017.
APA
Lu, B., Zhou, Y., Su, Z., Yan, A., & Ding, P. (2017). Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124. Molecular Medicine Reports, 16, 3387-3394. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6995
MLA
Lu, B., Zhou, Y., Su, Z., Yan, A., Ding, P."Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124". Molecular Medicine Reports 16.3 (2017): 3387-3394.
Chicago
Lu, B., Zhou, Y., Su, Z., Yan, A., Ding, P."Effect of CCL2 siRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the U251 human glioma cell line Retraction in /10.3892/mmr.2023.13124". Molecular Medicine Reports 16, no. 3 (2017): 3387-3394. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6995
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team