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Article

Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord

  • Authors:
    • Rui Zhang
    • Xin‑Nan Ma
    • Kai Liu
    • Lei Zhang
    • Meng Yao
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
  • Pages: 3619-3626
    |
    Published online on: July 18, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7030
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Abstract

Regulation of mitochondrial metabolism is becoming an important target in inhibiting necrosis and apoptosis following secondary spinal cord injury, and physiological compounds that reduce mitochondrial dysfunction are regarded as efficient protective reagents following injury. It has been demonstrated that spermine, a polyamine composed of four primary amines, may be taken up by a mitochondria‑specific uniporter and may preserve mitochondrial bioenergetics, suggesting that it may be important in the pathophysiology of mitochondria. However, the protective mechanism has not yet been definitively clarified. In the present study, isolated spinal cord mitochondria were incubated with spermine to evaluate its physiological functions and Src kinase activities. The results revealed that spermine increased oxidative phosphorylation, attenuated mitochondrial swelling and maintained the membrane potential. An inhibitor of Src kinases, amino‑5-(4‑chlorophenyl)‑7‑(t‑butyl)pyrazolo[3,4‑d]pyrimidine (PP2), markedly reduced the effects of spermine. However, inhibition of tyrosine phosphatases by vanadate led to marginal increases in the effects of spermine. Therefore, the present study hypothesized that tyrosine phosphorylation sites are present in the subunits of respiratory chains and mitochondrial permeability transition pore proteins, which may be modified via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Furthermore, spermine may upregulate the phosphorylation of Src kinases, and PP2 and vanadate conversely regulate Src phosphorylation. The results of the present study suggest that spermine is a strategic regulator within mitochondria that may activate Src kinases in the spinal cord, and tyrosine phosphorylation signaling is a primary regulatory pathway of mitochondrial metabolism.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang R, Ma XN, Liu K, Zhang L and Yao M: Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord. Mol Med Rep 16: 3619-3626, 2017.
APA
Zhang, R., Ma, X., Liu, K., Zhang, L., & Yao, M. (2017). Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord. Molecular Medicine Reports, 16, 3619-3626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7030
MLA
Zhang, R., Ma, X., Liu, K., Zhang, L., Yao, M."Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord". Molecular Medicine Reports 16.3 (2017): 3619-3626.
Chicago
Zhang, R., Ma, X., Liu, K., Zhang, L., Yao, M."Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord". Molecular Medicine Reports 16, no. 3 (2017): 3619-3626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7030
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang R, Ma XN, Liu K, Zhang L and Yao M: Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord. Mol Med Rep 16: 3619-3626, 2017.
APA
Zhang, R., Ma, X., Liu, K., Zhang, L., & Yao, M. (2017). Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord. Molecular Medicine Reports, 16, 3619-3626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7030
MLA
Zhang, R., Ma, X., Liu, K., Zhang, L., Yao, M."Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord". Molecular Medicine Reports 16.3 (2017): 3619-3626.
Chicago
Zhang, R., Ma, X., Liu, K., Zhang, L., Yao, M."Exogenous spermine preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics via regulating Src kinase signaling in the spinal cord". Molecular Medicine Reports 16, no. 3 (2017): 3619-3626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7030
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