Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
January-2018 Volume 17 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
January-2018 Volume 17 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice

  • Authors:
    • Siyuan Kong
    • Li Li
    • Wenjuan Zhu
    • Leilei Xin
    • Jinxue Ruan
    • Yubo Zhang
    • Shulin Yang
    • Kui Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China, Animal Functional Genomics Group, Agricultural Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Kong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 37-50
    |
    Published online on: October 20, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7842
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Multi‑transgenic technology is superior to single transgenic technology in biological and medical research. Multi‑transgene insertion mediated by a polycistronic system is more effective for the integration of polygenes. The multi‑transgene insertion patterns and manners of inheritance are not completely understood. Copy number quantification is one available approach for addressing this issue. The present study determined copy numbers in two multi‑transgenic mice (K3 and L3) and two multi‑transgenic miniature pigs (Z2 and Z3) using absolute quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. For the F0 generation, a given transgene was able to exhibit different copy number integration capacities in different individuals. For the F1 generation, the most notable characteristic was that the copy number proportions were different among pedigrees (P<0.05). The results of the present study demonstrated that transgenes within the same vector exhibited the same integration trend between the F0 and F1 generations. In conclusion, intraspecific consistency and intergenerational copy numbers were compared and the integration capacity of each specific transgene differed in multi‑transgenic animals. In particular, the copy number of one transgene may not be used to represent other transgenes in polycistronic vector‑mediated multi‑transgenic organisms. Consequently, in multi‑transgenic experimental animal disease model research or breeding, copy numbers provide an important reference. Therefore, each transgene in multi‑transgenic animals must be separately screened to prevent large copy number differences, and inconsistent expression between transgenes and miscellaneous data, in subsequent research.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Tizard M, Hallerman E, Fahrenkrug S, Newell-McGloughlin M, Gibson J, de Loos F, Wagner S, Laible G, Han JY, D'Occio M, et al: Strategies to enable the adoption of animal biotechnology to sustainably improve global food safety and security. Transgenic Res. 25:575–595. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Miao X: Recent advances in the development of new transgenic animal technology. Cell Mol Life Sci. 70:815–828. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Fan N and Lai L: Genetically modified pig models for human diseases. J Genet Genomics. 40:67–73. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Gao S, Yang Y, Wang C, Guo J, Zhou D, Wu Q, Su Y, Xu L and Que Y: Transgenic sugarcane with a cry1Ac gene exhibited better phenotypic traits and enhanced resistance against sugarcane borer. PLoS One. 11:e01539292016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Kong S, Ruan J, Xin L, Fan J, Xia J, Liu Z, Mu Y, Yang S and Li K: Multi-transgenic minipig models exhibiting potential for hepatic insulin resistance and pancreatic apoptosis. Mol Med Rep. 13:669–680. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Kong S, Ruan J, Xin L, Fan J, Zhu W, Xia J, Li L, Yang S and Li K: Type 2 diabetes model of minipig generated by multi-gene transgenic technology. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 31:262015.

7 

Luo W, Li Z, Huang Y, Han Y, Yao C, Duan X, Ouyang H and Li L: Generation of AQP2-Cre transgenic mini-pigs specifically expressing Cre recombinase in kidney collecting duct cells. Transgenic Res. 23:365–375. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Luo W, Li Z, Li P, Huang Y, Han Y, Yao C, Zhang Z, Yan H, Pang D, Ouyang H and Li L: Expression of Cre recombinase in alveolar epithelial cells of the AQP2-Cre transgenic mini-pigs. Cell Physiol Biochem. 34:1597–1613. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Paterson JM, Morton NM, Fievet C, Kenyon CJ, Holmes MC, Staels B, Seckl JR and Mullins JJ: Metabolic syndrome without obesity: Hepatic overexpression of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101:7088–7093. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Whyte JJ and Prather RS: Genetic modifications of pigs for medicine and agriculture. Mol Reprod Dev. 78:879–891. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

He J, Ye J, Li Q, Feng Y, Bai X, Chen X, Wu C, Yu Z, Zhao Y, Hu X and Li N: Construction of a transgenic pig model overexpressing polycystic kidney disease 2 (PKD2) gene. Transgenic Res. 22:861–867. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Ye J, He J, Li Q, Feng Y, Bai X, Chen X, Zhao Y, Hu X, Yu Z and Li N: Generation of c-Myc transgenic pigs for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Transgenic Res. 22:1231–1239. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Tian Y, Li W, Wang L, Liu C, Lin J, Zhang X, Zhang N, He S, Huang J, Jia B and Liu M: Expression of 2A peptide mediated tri-fluorescent protein genes were regulated by epigenetics in transgenic sheep. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 434:681–687. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Deng W, Yang D, Zhao B, Ouyang Z, Song J, Fan N, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Wu Q, Nashun B, et al: Use of the 2A peptide for generation of multi-transgenic pigs through a single round of nuclear transfer. PLoS One. 6:e199862011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Zhu H, Wen F, Li P, Liu X, Cao J, Jiang M, Ming F and Chu Z: Validation of a reference gene (BdFIM) for quantifying transgene copy numbers in Brachypodium distachyon by real-time PCR. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 172:3163–3175. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kong QR, Wu ML, Zhu J, Bou G, Huan YJ, Yin Z, Mu YS and Liu ZH: Transgene copy number and integration site analysis in transgenic pig. Prog Biochem Biophys. 12:0162009.

17 

Park SJ, Cho B, Koo OJ, Kim H, Kang JT, Hurh S, Kim SJ, Yeom HJ, Moon J, Lee EM, et al: Production and characterization of soluble human TNFRI-Fc and human HO-1 (HMOX1) transgenic pigs by using the F2A peptide. Transgenic Res. 23:407–419. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Qian X, Kraft J, Ni Y and Zhao FQ: Production of recombinant human proinsulin in the milk of transgenic mice. Sci Rep. 4:64652014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Webster NL, Forni M, Bacci ML, Giovannoni R, Razzini R, Fantinati P, Zannoni A, Fusetti L, Dalprà L, Bianco MR, et al: Multi-transgenic pigs expressing three fluorescent proteins produced with high efficiency by sperm mediated gene transfer. Mol Reprod Dev. 72:68–76. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Batista RI, Luciano MC, Teixeira DI, Freitas VJ, Melo LM, Andreeva LE, Serova IA and Serov OL: Methodological strategies for transgene copy number quantification in goats (Capra hircus) using real-time PCR. Biotechnol Prog. 30:1390–1400. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Song P, Cai C, Skokut M, Kosegi B and Petolino J: Quantitative real-time PCR as a screening tool for estimating transgene copy number in WHISKERS™-derived transgenic maize. Plant Cell Rep. 20:948–954. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Freude S, Heise T, Woerle HJ, Jungnik A, Rauch T, Hamilton B, Schölch C, Huang F and Graefe-Mody U: Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of BI 135585, a selective 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 HSD1 inhibitor in humans: Liver and adipose tissue 11β-HSD1 inhibition after acute and multiple administrations over 2 weeks. Diabetes Obes Metab. 18:483–490. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Campbell JE, Ussher JR, Mulvihill EE, Kolic J, Baggio LL, Cao X, Liu Y, Lamont BJ, Morii T, Streutker CJ, et al: TCF1 links GIPR signaling to the control of beta cell function and survival. Nat Med. 22:84–90. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Herbach N: Clinical and pathological characterization of a novel transgenic animal model of diabetes mellitus expressing a dominant negative glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR dn). Ludwig Maximilians Universitat Munchen; Munich, Germany: 2002

25 

Matveyenko AV and Butler PC: Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) transgenic rodents as models for type 2 diabetes. ILAR J. 47:225–233. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Eizirik DL, Cardozo AK and Cnop M: The role for endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetes mellitus. Endocr Rev. 29:42–61. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Yang SL, Xia JH, Zhang YY, Fan JG, Wang H, Yuan J, Zhao ZZ, Pan Q, Mu YL, Xin LL, et al: Hyperinsulinemia shifted energy supply from glucose to ketone bodies in early nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from high-fat high-sucrose diet induced Bama minipigs. Sci Rep. 5:139802015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Fang X, Mou Y, Huang Z, Li Y, Han L, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Chen Y, Jiang X, Zhao W, et al: The sequence and analysis of a Chinese pig genome. GigaScience. 1:1–11. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Bustin SA: Absolute quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. J Mol Endocrinol. 25:169–193. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Lin WS, Wang P, Cheng X, Yuan SL, Chen HX, Lin YL, Tao HX, Wang YC and Wang LC: Estimation of the copy numbers of exogenous gene in transgenic mice using the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR based comparative Ct method. Lett Biotechnol. 11:301–305. 2013.

31 

Li L, Li Q, Bao Y, Li J, Chen Z, Yu X, Zhao Y, Tian K and Li N: RNAi-based inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication in transgenic pigs. J Biotechnol. 171:17–24. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Armour JA, Sismani C, Patsalis PC and Cross G: Measurement of locus copy number by hybridisation with amplifiable probes. Nucleic Acids Res. 28:605–609. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

D'haene B, Vandesompele J and Hellemans J: Accurate and objective copy number profiling using real-time quantitative PCR. Methods. 50:262–270. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Kai LI, Gao HL, Gao L, Xiaole QI, Gao YL, Yanwei XU and Wang XM: Development of a real-time PCR for determination of foreign gene copy number in genome of pichia pastoris. Chin J Anim Vet Sci. 42:742–746. 2011.

35 

Yu L, Liu JP, Zhuang ZX, Yang LQ, Zhang RL, Ye XM and Cheng JQ: Quantitative analysis of real-time PCR expression production by REST and 2~((−ΔΔCT)). J Trop Med. 10:0082007.

36 

Haurogné K, Bach JM and Lieubeau B: Easy and rapid method of zygosity determination in transgenic mice by SYBR Green real-time quantitative PCR with a simple data analysis. Transgenic Res. 16:127–131. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Tang W, Newton RJ and Weidner DA: Genetic transformation and gene silencing mediated by multiple copies of a transgene in eastern white pine. J Exp Bot. 58:545–554. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Vaucheret H and Fagard M: Transcriptional gene silencing in plants: Targets, inducers and regulators. Trends Genet. 17:29–35. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Zhang R, Yin Y, Zhang Y, Li K, Zhu H, Gong Q, Wang J, Hu X and Li N: Molecular characterization of transgene integration by next-generation sequencing in transgenic cattle. PLoS One. 7:e503482012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Wu Y, Fan H, Jing S, Xia J, Chen Y, Zhang L, Gao X, Li J, Gao H and Ren H: A genome-wide scan for copy number variations using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism array in Simmental cattle. Anim Genet. 46:289–298. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Arrossi AV, Merzianu M, Farver C, Yuan C, Wang SH, Nakashima MO and Cotta CV: Nodular pulmonary light chain deposition disease: An entity associated with Sjögren syndrome or marginal zone lymphoma. J Clin Pathol. 69:490–496. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Tessereau C, Léoné M, Buisson M, Duret L, Sinilnikova OM and Mazoyer S: Occurrence of a non deleterious gene conversion event in the BRCA1 gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 54:646–652. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Lachaud C, Moreno A, Marchesi F, Toth R, Blow JJ and Rouse J: Ubiquitinated Fancd2 recruits Fan1 to stalled replication forks to prevent genome instability. Science. 351:846–849. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Hastings PJ, Lupski JR, Rosenberg SM and Ira G: Mechanisms of change in gene copy number. Nat Rev Genet. 10:551–564. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Alessio AP, Fili AE, Garrels W, Forcato DO, Nicotra Olmos MF, Liaudat AC, Bevacqua RJ, Savy V, Hiriart MI, Talluri TR, et al: Establishment of cell-based transposon-mediated transgenesis in cattle. Theriogenology. 85:1297–1311. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Ruan J, Li H, Xu K, Wu T, Wei J, Zhou R, Liu Z, Mu Y, Yang S, Ouyang H, et al: Highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated transgene knockin at the H11 locus in pigs. Sci Rep. 5:142532015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kong S, Li L, Zhu W, Xin L, Ruan J, Zhang Y, Yang S and Li K: Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice. Mol Med Rep 17: 37-50, 2018.
APA
Kong, S., Li, L., Zhu, W., Xin, L., Ruan, J., Zhang, Y. ... Li, K. (2018). Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 17, 37-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7842
MLA
Kong, S., Li, L., Zhu, W., Xin, L., Ruan, J., Zhang, Y., Yang, S., Li, K."Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 17.1 (2018): 37-50.
Chicago
Kong, S., Li, L., Zhu, W., Xin, L., Ruan, J., Zhang, Y., Yang, S., Li, K."Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 17, no. 1 (2018): 37-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7842
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kong S, Li L, Zhu W, Xin L, Ruan J, Zhang Y, Yang S and Li K: Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice. Mol Med Rep 17: 37-50, 2018.
APA
Kong, S., Li, L., Zhu, W., Xin, L., Ruan, J., Zhang, Y. ... Li, K. (2018). Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 17, 37-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7842
MLA
Kong, S., Li, L., Zhu, W., Xin, L., Ruan, J., Zhang, Y., Yang, S., Li, K."Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 17.1 (2018): 37-50.
Chicago
Kong, S., Li, L., Zhu, W., Xin, L., Ruan, J., Zhang, Y., Yang, S., Li, K."Genetic characteristics of polycistronic system‑mediated randomly‑inserted multi‑transgenes in miniature pigs and mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 17, no. 1 (2018): 37-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7842
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team