|
1
|
Pastuszak AW and Wang R: Varicocele and
testicular function. Asian J Androl. 17:659–667. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
2
|
Liang M, Wen J, Dong Q, Zhao LG and Shi
BK: Testicular hypofunction caused by activating p53 expression
induced by reactive oxygen species in varicocele rats. Andrologia.
47:1175–1182. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
3
|
Razi M and Malekinejad H:
Varicocele-induced infertility in animal models. Int J Fertil
Steril. 9:141–149. 2015.
|
|
4
|
Shiraishi K, Takihara H and Matsuyama H:
Effects of grade 1 varicocele detected in the pediatric age-group
on testicular development. J Pediatr Surg. 44:1995–1998. 2009.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
5
|
Sohrabipour S, Jafari A, Kamalinejad M,
Sarrafnejd A, Shahrestany T and Sadeghipour HR: The role of
flaxseed and vitamin E on oxidative stress in prepubertal rats with
experimental varicocele: An experimental study. Iran J Reprod Med.
11:459–466. 2013.
|
|
6
|
Razi M, Sadrkhanloo RA, Malekinejad H and
Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei F: Testicular biohistochemical alterations
following experimental varicocele in rats. Iran J Reprod Med.
10:209–218. 2012.
|
|
7
|
Altunoluk B, Efe E, Kurutas EB, Gul AB,
Atalay F and Eren M: Elevation of both reactive oxygen species and
antioxidant enzymes in vein tissue of infertile men with
varicocele. Urol Int. 88:102–106. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
8
|
Walczak-Jedrzejowska R, Wolski JK and
Slowikowska-Hilczer J: The role of oxidative stress and
antioxidants in male fertility. Cent European J Urol. 66:60–67.
2013. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
9
|
Hayes JD and McLellan LI: Glutathione and
glutathione-dependent enzymes represent a co-ordinately regulated
defence against oxidative stress. Free Radic Res. 31:273–300. 1999.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
10
|
Hong CC, Ambrosone CB, Ahn J, Choi JY,
McCullough ML, Stevens VL, Rodriguez C, Thun MJ and Calle EE:
Genetic variability in iron-related oxidative stress pathways
(Nrf2, NQ01, NOS3, and HO-1), iron intake, and risk of
postmenopausal breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev.
16:1784–1794. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Li Y, Cao Y, Wang F, Pu S, Zhang Y and Li
C: Tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates scrotal heat-induced damage by
regulating Nrf2-antioxidant system in the mouse testis. Gen Comp
Endocrinol. 208:12–20. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
12
|
Hayes JD and McMahon M: NRF2 and KEAP1
mutations: Permanent activation of an adaptive response in cancer.
Trends Biochem Sci. 34:176–188. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Wang R, Paul VJ and Luesch H: Seaweed
extracts and unsaturated fatty acid constituents from the green
alga Ulva lactuca as activators of the cytoprotective Nrf2-ARE
pathway. Free Radic Biol Med. 57:141–153. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
14
|
Kobayashi A, Kang MI, Okawa H, Ohtsuji M,
Zenke Y, Chiba T, Igarashi K and Yamamoto M: Oxidative stress
sensor Keap1 functions as an adaptor for Cul3-based E3 ligase to
regulate proteasomal degradation of Nrf2. Mol Cell Biol.
24:7130–7139. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
15
|
McMahon M, Lamont DJ, Beattie KA and Hayes
JD: Keap1 perceives stress via three sensors for the endogenous
signaling molecules nitric oxide, zinc, and alkenals. Proc Natl
Acad Sci USA. 107:18838–18843. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
16
|
Zhang Z, Zheng L, Zhao Z, Shi J, Wang X
and Huang J: Grape seed proanthocyanidins inhibit
H2O2-induced osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell
apoptosis via ameliorating H2O2-induced
mitochondrial dysfunction. J Toxicol Sci. 39:803–813. 2014.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Bagchi D, Garg A, Krohn RL, Bagchi M, Tran
MX and Stohs SJ: Oxygen free radical scavenging abilities of
vitamins C and E, and a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in
vitro. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 95:179–189. 1997.
|
|
18
|
Chen S, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Gao Z, Li B, Zhang
D, Zhang Z, Jiang X, Liu Z, Meng L, et al: Grape seed
proanthocyanidin extract ameliorates diabetic bladder dysfunction
via the activation of the Nrf2 pathway. PLoS One. 10:e01264572015.
View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
19
|
Li SG, Ding YS, Niu Q, Xu SZ, Pang LJ, Ma
RL, Jing MX, Feng GL, Liu JM and Guo SX: Grape seed
proanthocyanidin extract alleviates arsenic-induced oxidative
reproductive toxicity in male mice. Biomed Environ Sci. 28:272–280.
2015.
|
|
20
|
Su L, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Li C, Zhang R, Sun
Y, Zhang K, Li J and Yao S: Protective effects of grape seed
procyanidin extract against nickel sulfate-induced apoptosis and
oxidative stress in rat testes. Toxicol Mech Methods. 21:487–494.
2011. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
21
|
Turner TT: The study of varicocele through
the use of animal models. Hum Reprod Update. 7:78–84. 2001.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
22
|
Cam K, Simsek F, Yuksel M, Turkeri L,
Haklar G, Yalcin S and Akdas A: The role of reactive oxygen species
and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of varicocele in a rat model and
efficiency of vitamin E treatment. Int J Androl. 27:228–233. 2004.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
23
|
Mostafa T, Rashed L, Nabil N and Amin R:
Seminal BAX and BCL2 gene and protein expressions in infertile men
with varicocele. Urology. 84:590–595. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
24
|
Alfadda AA and Sallam RM: Reactive oxygen
species in health and disease. J Biomed Biotechnol.
2012:9364862012. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
25
|
Bryan HK, Olayanju A, Goldring CE and Park
BK: The Nrf2 cell defence pathway: Keap1-dependent and -independent
mechanisms of regulation. Biochem Pharmacol. 85:705–717. 2013.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
26
|
Nazima B, Manoharan V and Miltonprabu S:
Oxidative stress induced by cadmium in the plasma, erythrocytes and
lymphocytes of rats: Attenuation by grape seed proanthocyanidins.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 35:428–447. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Lin KN, Lin ML and Wei EQ: Protective
effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin on cultured RGC-5 cells
against CoCl2-induced hypoxic injury. Zhejiang Da Xue
Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 44:24–29. 2015.(In Chinese).
|
|
28
|
Khosravanian N, Razi M, Farokhi F and
Khosravanian H: Testosterone and vitamin E administration
up-regulated varicocele-reduced Hsp70-2 protein expression and
ameliorated biochemical alterations. J Assist Reprod Genet.
31:341–354. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
29
|
Lee JD, Lee TH, Cheng WH and Jeng SY:
Involved intrinsic apoptotic pathway of testicular tissues in
varicocele-induced rats. World J Urol. 27:527–532. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30
|
Barqawi A, Caruso A and Meacham RB:
Experimental varicocele induces testicular germ cell apoptosis in
the rat. J Urol. 171:501–503. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
Zhang K, Wang Z, Wang H, Fu Q, Zhang H and
Cao Q: Hypoxia-induced apoptosis and mechanism of epididymal
dysfunction in rats with left-side varicocele. Andrologia.
48:318–324. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
32
|
Du J and Dianjun G: Cell cycle specificity
of spermatogenic cell apoptosis in rats with experimental
varicocele. Clin Lab. 59:851–859. 2013.
|
|
33
|
Naughton CK, Nangia AK and Agarwal A:
Pathophysiology of varicoceles in male infertility. Hum Reprod
Update. 7:473–481. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
34
|
Ricci JE, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Fitzgerald P,
Bailly-Maitre B, Perkins GA, Yadava N, Scheffler IE, Ellisman MH
and Green DR: Disruption of mitochondrial function during apoptosis
is mediated by caspase cleavage of the p75 subunit of complex I of
the electron transport chain. Cell. 117:773–786. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
35
|
Sharma RK, Pasqualotto FF, Nelson DR,
Thomas AJ Jr and Agarwal A: The reactive oxygen species-total
antioxidant capacity score is a new measure of oxidative stress to
predict male infertility. Hum Reprod. 14:2801–2807. 1999.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
36
|
Sato M, Bagchi D, Tosaki A and Das DK:
Grape seed proanthocyanidin reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis by
inhibiting ischemia/reperfusion-induced activation of JNK-1 and
C-JUN. Free Radic Biol Med. 31:729–737. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
37
|
Song Q, Shi Z, Bi W, Liu R, Zhang C, Wang
K and Dang X: Beneficial effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin
extract in rabbits with steroid-induced osteonecrosis via
protecting against oxidative stress and apoptosis. J Orthop Sci.
20:196–204. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
38
|
Said TM, Paasch U, Glander HJ and Agarwal
A: Role of caspases in male infertility. Hum Reprod Update.
10:39–51. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
39
|
Palanisamy K, Krishnaswamy R, Paramasivan
P, Chih-Yang H and Vishwanadha VP: Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents
TCDD-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response by
modulating MAP kinases and redox-sensitive transcription factors.
Br J Pharmacol. 172:4726–4740. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar :
|
|
40
|
Jiang X, Bai Y, Zhang Z, Xin Y and Cai L:
Protection by sulforaphane from type 1 diabetes-induced testicular
apoptosis is associated with the up-regulation of Nrf2 expression
and function. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 279:198–210. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
41
|
Güçlü A, Yonguç N, Dodurga Y, Gündoğdu G,
Güçlü Z, Yonguç T, Adıgüzel E and Turkmen K: The effects of grape
seed on apoptosis-related gene expression and oxidative stress in
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ren Fail. 37:192–197. 2015.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
42
|
Akdemir S, Gurocak S, Konac E, Ure I, Onen
HI, Gonul II, Sozen S and Menevse A: Different surgical techniques
and L-carnitine supplementation in an experimental varicocele
model. Andrologia. 46:910–916. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar
|
