Susceptibilities of epicardial and subcutaneous fat tissue for browning-gene expression and diet-induced volume reduction are different

Mikamo,Hiroshi; Jiang,Meizi; Noro,Mahito; Suzuki,Yasuo; Hiruta,Nobuyuki; Unoki-Kubota,Hiroyuki; Schneider,Wolfgang J.; Bujo,Hideaki

doi:10.3892/mmr.2018.8690

Susceptibilities of epicardial and subcutaneous fat tissue for browning-gene expression and diet-induced volume reduction are different

Authors:
- Hiroshi Mikamo
- Meizi Jiang
- Mahito Noro
- Yasuo Suzuki
- Nobuyuki Hiruta
- Hiroyuki Unoki-Kubota
- Wolfgang J. Schneider
- Hideaki Bujo
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Affiliations: Department of Cardiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba 285‑8741, Japan, Department of Clinical‑Laboratory and Experimental‑Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba 285‑8741, Japan, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba 285‑8741, Japan, Department of Pathology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba 285‑8741, Japan, Department of Diabetic Complications, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
Published online on: March 6, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8690
Pages: 6542-6550
Copyright: © Mikamo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The upregulation of brown or brown-like beige adipocytes is a potential strategy for the prevention or treatment of diabetes and coronary artery diseases in obese patients. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) differs significantly from subcutaneous fat tissue (SAT) in metabolic properties. To investigate properties of EAT further, thermogenesis gene expression was investigated in human autopsy and murine samples, and adipocytes differentiated from EAT mesenchymal cells. Subsequently, analyzed EAT volume alterations were observed to be associated with weight reduction in obese patients by imaging. Gene expression analyses of autopsy samples revealed that UCP‑1 mRNA levels in EAT were significantly increased compared with SAT, and β3‑adrenergic receptor (AR) levels tended to be increased; this finding was verified in comparing EAT with SAT in mice. Browning stimulation of human EAT‑derived MCs increased uncoupling protein‑1 and β3‑AR levels by 3.2 fold‑ and 12.6‑fold compared with SAT‑derived MCs, respectively. Subsequent imaging for EAT volume measurement using multi‑detector computed tomography in 10 obese patients revealed that mean EAT volumes did not significantly decrease following weight loss therapy. The EAT volume alterations were not correlated with weight changes, whereas positive correlations were observed in SAT and visceral adipose tissue. Therefore, the studies in man and mouse on EAT properties demonstrated that susceptibilities of EAT and SAT for browning‑gene expression and diet‑induced volume reduction were grossly different. The data suggest a potential association of EAT with local thermogenetic and metabolic homeostasis in cardiac and/or cardiovascular cells, in conjunction with systemic energy metabolism.

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