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Article

Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage

  • Authors:
    • Xin Xiang
    • Lin Wu
    • Lining Mao
    • Yiming Liu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China, Department of Neurology, Rizhao City People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 1250832, P.R. China, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongying Bonesetting Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
  • Pages: 7959-7965
    |
    Published online on: March 28, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8815
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Abstract

Azadirachta indica has previously been demonstrated to act as a multi‑functional medicinal plant for >2,000 years in India, and its neighboring countries. Currently, it is considered a natural resource with great value used in industrial product development and as a medicine for various types of diseases. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica which improved functional recovery in the 6‑hydroxydopamine induced rat Parkinson's disease (PD) model. Catalase, glutathione‑peroxidase, tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6, nuclear factor (NF)‑κB p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and AChE activity levels were analyzed via ELISA. Western blotting was used to analyze B cell lymphoma‑2 associated X protein (Bax), cytochrome c and p53 protein expression. Treatment with Azadirachta indica significantly decreased the PD‑induced rotational behavior in rats. PD‑induced catalase, glutathione‑peroxidase, iNOS activity and iNOS protein expression were significantly suppressed by treatment with Azadirachta indica. Inflammatory factors, acetylcholinesterase activity and cyclo‑oxygenase‑2 protein expression levels were additionally significantly suppressed by treatment with Azadirachta indica. The protein expression levels of Bax, cytochrome c and p53 were decreased and caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 activities diminished, with treatment with Azadirachta indica. Therefore, Azadirachta indica was demonstrated to exhibit neuroprotective antioxidative and anti‑apoptotic effects in Parkinson's disease.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xiang X, Wu L, Mao L and Liu Y: Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage. Mol Med Rep 17: 7959-7965, 2018.
APA
Xiang, X., Wu, L., Mao, L., & Liu, Y. (2018). Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage. Molecular Medicine Reports, 17, 7959-7965. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8815
MLA
Xiang, X., Wu, L., Mao, L., Liu, Y."Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage". Molecular Medicine Reports 17.6 (2018): 7959-7965.
Chicago
Xiang, X., Wu, L., Mao, L., Liu, Y."Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage". Molecular Medicine Reports 17, no. 6 (2018): 7959-7965. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8815
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xiang X, Wu L, Mao L and Liu Y: Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage. Mol Med Rep 17: 7959-7965, 2018.
APA
Xiang, X., Wu, L., Mao, L., & Liu, Y. (2018). Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage. Molecular Medicine Reports, 17, 7959-7965. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8815
MLA
Xiang, X., Wu, L., Mao, L., Liu, Y."Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage". Molecular Medicine Reports 17.6 (2018): 7959-7965.
Chicago
Xiang, X., Wu, L., Mao, L., Liu, Y."Anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of Azadirachta indica in Parkinson‑induced functional damage". Molecular Medicine Reports 17, no. 6 (2018): 7959-7965. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8815
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