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Article

Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells

  • Authors:
    • Shu‑Chun Kuo
    • Yingxiao Li
    • Yung‑Ze Cheng
    • Wei‑Jing Lee
    • Juei‑Tang Cheng
    • Kai‑Chun Cheng
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 7170, Taiwan R.O.C., Department of Medical Research, Chi‑Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan R.O.C., Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi‑Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890, Japan
  • Pages: 4700-4708
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    Published online on: September 10, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9470
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Abstract

Cardiac hypertrophy is commonly involved in cardiac injury. Oxidative stress can induce cardiac hypertrophy with apoptosis. Potassium bromate (KBrO3) has been widely used as a food additive due to its oxidizing properties. In the present study, the rat‑derived heart cell line H9c2 was used to investigate the effect of KBrO3 on cell size. KBrO3 increased cell size at concentrations <250 µM, in a dose‑dependent manner. Additionally, KBrO3 also promoted the gene expression of two biomarkers of cardiac hypertrophy, brain/B‑type natriuretic peptides (BNP) and β‑Myosin Heavy Chain (β‑MHC). However, apoptosis remained unobserved in these cells. Moreover, mediation of free radicals was investigated using a fluorescence assay, and it was observed that superoxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased with KBrO3. Effects of KBrO3 were significantly reduced by tiron at concentrations sufficient to produce antioxidant‑like action. Additionally, signals involved in cardiac hypertrophy such as calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T‑cells (NFAT) were also determined using western blot analysis. KBrO3 increased the protein levels of both these molecules which were decreased by tiron in a dose‑dependent manner. Additionally, cyclosporine A attenuated the cardiac hypertrophy induced by KBrO3 in H9c2 cells at concentrations effective to inhibit calcineurin, in addition to reducing mRNA levels of BNP or β‑MHC. Finally, apoptosis was also identified in H9c2 cells incubated with KBrO3 at concentrations >300 µM. Collectively, these results provided a novel perspective that KBrO3 induces cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis at a low dose through the generation of ROS, activating the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway in H9c2 cells. Therefore, at a dose <250 µM, KBrO3 can be applied as an inducer of cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells. KBrO3 can also be developed as a tool to induce cardiac hypertrophy in animals.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kuo SC, Li Y, Cheng YZ, Lee WJ, Cheng JT and Cheng KC: Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Mol Med Rep 18: 4700-4708, 2018.
APA
Kuo, S., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Lee, W., Cheng, J., & Cheng, K. (2018). Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 18, 4700-4708. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9470
MLA
Kuo, S., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Lee, W., Cheng, J., Cheng, K."Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 18.5 (2018): 4700-4708.
Chicago
Kuo, S., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Lee, W., Cheng, J., Cheng, K."Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 18, no. 5 (2018): 4700-4708. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9470
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kuo SC, Li Y, Cheng YZ, Lee WJ, Cheng JT and Cheng KC: Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Mol Med Rep 18: 4700-4708, 2018.
APA
Kuo, S., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Lee, W., Cheng, J., & Cheng, K. (2018). Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 18, 4700-4708. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9470
MLA
Kuo, S., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Lee, W., Cheng, J., Cheng, K."Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 18.5 (2018): 4700-4708.
Chicago
Kuo, S., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Lee, W., Cheng, J., Cheng, K."Molecular mechanisms regarding potassium bromate‑induced cardiac hypertrophy without apoptosis in H9c2 cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 18, no. 5 (2018): 4700-4708. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9470
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