Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
November-2018 Volume 18 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2018 Volume 18 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice

  • Authors:
    • Shenglan Dai
    • Xiaohua Chen
    • Yongsheng Yu
    • Guoqing Zang
    • Zhenghao Tang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China, Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
  • Pages: 4691-4699
    |
    Published online on: September 14, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9487
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem. T helper (Th)1‑associated cytokines are involved in HBV clearance during acute and persistent infection. In our previous study, it was demonstrated that lentiviral vectors encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen (LV‑Ub‑HBcAg) effectively transduced dendritic cells (DCs) to induce maturation, which promoted T cell polarization to Th1 and generated HBcAg‑specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) ex vivo. In the present study, HBV transgenic mice were immunized with LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs and HBcAg‑specific immune responses were evaluated. Cytokine expression was analyzed by ELISA. T lymphocyte proliferation was detected with a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay and HBcAg‑specific CTL activity was determined using a lactate dehydrogenase release assay. The expression levels of p38‑mitogen‑activated protein kinase (p38‑MAPK), phosphorylated (p)‑p38MAPK, c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) and p‑JNK were detected by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs significantly increased the Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio, and effectively reduced the levels of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV DNA, and liver HBsAg and HBcAg. Furthermore, the LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs upregulated the expression of p‑P38‑MAPK and p‑JNK in T lymphocytes. In conclusion, the present study indicated that LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs generated predominant Th1 responses and enhanced CTL activity in HBV transgenic mice. Activation of the P38‑MAPK/JNK signaling pathway may be involved in this induction.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Perz JF, Armstrong GL, Farrington LA, Hutin YJ and Bell BP: The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide. J Hepatol. 45:529–538. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Schweitzer A, Horn J, Mikolajczyk RT, Krause G and Ott JJ: Estimations of worldwide prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: A systematic review of data published between 1965 and 2013. Lancet. 386:1546–1555. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Lok AS: Chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med. 346:1682–1683. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Chisari FV, Isogawa M and Wieland SF: Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection. Pathol Biol (Paris). 58:258–266. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Bertoletti A and Ferrari C: Innate and adaptive immune responses in chronic hepatitis B virus infections: Towards restoration of immune control of viral infection. Postgrad Med J. 89:294–304. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Bertoletti A and Gehring AJ: The immune response during hepatitis B virus infection. J Gen Virol. 87:1439–1449. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Loggi E, Gamal N, Bihl F, Bernardi M and Andreone P: Adaptive response in hepatitis B virus infection. J Viral Hepat. 21:305–313. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Asabe S, Wieland SF, Chattopadhyay PK, Roederer M, Engle RE, Purcell RH and Chisari FV: The size of the viral inoculum contributes to the outcome of hepatitis B virus infection. J Virol. 83:9652–9662. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Steinman RM and Hemmi H: Dendritic cells: Translating innate to adaptive immunity. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 311:17–58. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

10 

Santodonato L, D'Agostino G, Nisini R, Mariotti S, Monque DM, Spada M, Lattanzi L, Perrone MP, Andreotti M, Belardelli F and Ferrantini M: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated after a short-term culture with IFN-alpha and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulate a potent Epstein-Barr virus-specific CD8+ T cell response. J Immunol. 170:5195–5202. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Fonteneau JF, Larsson M, Somersan S, Sanders C, Münz C, Kwok WW, Bhardwaj N and Jotereau F: Generation of high quantities of viral and tumor-specific human CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones using peptide pulsed mature dendritic cells. J Immunol Methods. 258:111–126. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Boudreau JE, Bonehill A, Thielemans K and Wan Y: Engineering dendritic cells to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Mol Ther. 19:841–853. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Akbar SM, Yoshida O, Chen S, Cesar AJ, Abe M, Matsuura B, Hiasa Y and Onji M: Immune modulator and antiviral potential of dendritic cells pulsed with both hepatitis B surface antigen and core antigen for treating chronic HBV infection. Antivir Ther. 15:887–895. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Akbar SM, Chen S, Al-Mahtab M, Abe M, Hiasa Y and Onji M: Strong and multi-antigen specific immunity by hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg)-based vaccines in a murine model of chronic hepatitis B: HBcAg is a candidate for a therapeutic vaccine against hepatitis B virus. Antiviral Res. 96:59–64. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Gao G and Luo H: The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in viral infections. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 84:5–14. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Chen JH, Yu YS, Chen XH, Liu HH, Zang GQ and Tang ZH: Enhancement of CTLs induced by DCs loaded with ubiquitinated hepatitis B virus core antigen. World J Gastroenterol. 18:1319–1327. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Dai S, Zhuo M, Song L, Chen X, Yu Y, Zang G and Tang Z: Lentiviral vector encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen induces potent cellular immune responses and therapeutic immunity in HBV transgenic mice. Immunobiology. 221:813–821. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Chen A, Wang L, Zhang J, Zou L, Jia Z, Zhou W, Wan Y and Wu Y: H-2 Kd-restricted hepatitis B virus-derived epitope whose specific CD8+ T lymphocytes can produce gamma interferon without cytotoxicity. J Virol. 79:5568–5576. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Dai S, Zhuo M, Song L, Chen X, Yu Y, Tang Z and Zang G: Dendritic cell-based vaccination with lentiviral vectors encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen enhances hepatitis B virus-specific immune responses in vivo. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 47:870–879. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Chen X, Tang Y, Zhang Y, Zhuo M, Tang Z, Yu Y and Zang G: Tapasin modification on the intracellular epitope HBcAg18-27 enhances HBV-specific CTL immune response and inhibits hepatitis B virus replication in vivo. Lab Invest. 94:478–490. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Chen X, Liu H, Tang Z, Yu Y and Zang G: The modification of Tapasin enhances cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity of intracellularly delivered CTL epitopes via cytoplasmic transduction peptide. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 45:203–212. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Huang Y, Chen Z, Jia H, Wu W, Zhong S and Zhou C: Induction of Tc1 response and enhanced cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in mice by dendritic cells transduced with adenovirus expressing HBsAg. Clin Immunol. 119:280–290. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Bertoletti A, Ferrari C, Fiaccadori F, Penna A, Margolskee R, Schlicht HJ, Fowler P, Guilhot S and Chisari FV: HLA class I-restricted human cytotoxic T cells recognize endogenously synthesized hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 88:10445–10449. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Rehermann B, Fowler P, Sidney J, Person J, Redeker A, Brown M, Moss B, Sette A and Chisari FV: The cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to multiple hepatitis B virus polymerase epitopes during and after acute viral hepatitis. J Exp Med. 181:1047–1058. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Bertoletti A and Ferrari C: Innate and adaptive immune responses in chronic hepatitis B virus infections: Towards restoration of immune control of viral infection. Gut. 61:1754–1764. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Das A, Hoare M, Davies N, Lopes AR, Dunn C, Kennedy PT, Alexander G, Finney H, Lawson A, Plunkett FJ, et al: Functional skewing of the global CD8 T cell population in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Exp Med. 205:2111–2124. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Lopes AR, Kellam P, Das A, Dunn C, Kwan A, Turner J, Peppa D, Gilson RJ, Gehring A, Bertoletti A and Maini MK: Bim-mediated deletion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells in patients unable to control HBV infection. J Clin Invest. 118:1835–1845. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Maini MK and Schurich A: The molecular basis of the failed immune response in chronic HBV: Therapeutic implications. J Hepatol. 52:616–619. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Wu L and KewalRamani VN: Dendritic-cell interactions with HIV: Infection and viral dissemination. Nat Rev Immunol. 6:859–868. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Farag MM, Hoyler B, Encke J, Stremmel W and Weigand K: Dendritic cells can effectively be pulsed by HBVsvp and induce specific immune reactions in mice. Vaccine. 29:200–206. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Hu B, Tai A and Wang P: Immunization delivered by lentiviral vectors for cancer and infectious diseases. Immunol Rev. 239:45–61. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Tavakoli S, Mederacke I, Herzog-Hauff S, Glebe D, Grün S, Strand D, Urban S, Gehring A, Galle PR and Böcher WO: Peripheral blood dendritic cells are phenotypically and functionally intact in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Clin Exp Immunol. 151:61–70. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Akbar SM, Horiike N and Onji M: Immune therapy including dendritic cell based therapy in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. World J Gastroenterol. 12:2876–2883. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Op den Brouw ML, Binda RS, van Roosmalen MH, Protzer U, Janssen HL, van der Molen RG and Woltman AM: Hepatitis B virus surface antigen impairs myeloid dendritic cell function: A possible immune escape mechanism of hepatitis B virus. Immunology. 126:280–289. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Phillips S, Chokshi S, Riva A, Evans A, Williams R and Naoumov NV: CD8 (+) T cell control of hepatitis B virus replication: Direct comparison between cytolytic and noncytolytic functions. J Immunol. 184:287–295. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Tsai SL, Sheen IS, Chien RN, Chu CM, Huang HC, Chuang YL, Lee TH, Liao SK, Lin CL, Kuo GC and Liaw YF: Activation of Th1 immunity is a common immune mechanism for the successful treatment of hepatitis B and C: Tetramer assay and therapeutic implications. J Biomed Sci. 10:120–135. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Boni C, Bertoletti A, Penna A, Cavalli A, Pilli M, Urbani S, Scognamiglio P, Boehme R, Panebianco R, Fiaccadori F and Ferrari C: Lamivudine treatment can restore T cell responsiveness in chronic hepatitis B. J Clin Invest. 102:968–975. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Rincon M, Conze D, Weiss L, Diehl NL, Fortner KA, Yang D, Flavell RA, Enslen H, Whitmarsh A and Davis RJ: Conference highlight: do T cells care about the mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathways? Immunol Cell Biol. 78:166–175. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Yang DD, Conze D, Whitmarsh AJ, Barrett T, Davis RJ, Rincón M and Flavell RA: Differentiation of CD4+ T cells to Th1 cells requires MAP kinase JNK2. Immunity. 9:575–585. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Plotnikov A, Zehorai E, Procaccia S and Seger R: The MAPK cascades: Signaling components, nuclear roles and mechanisms of nuclear translocation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1813:1619–1633. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Wang X, Hao J, Metzger DL, Ao Z, Chen L, Ou D, Verchere CB, Mui A and Warnock GL: B7-H4 treatment of T cells inhibits ERK, JNK, p38, and AKT activation. PLoS One. 7:e282322012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Afkarian M, Sedy JR, Yang J, Jacobson NG, Cereb N, Yang SY, Murphy TL and Murphy KM: T-bet is a STAT1-induced regulator of IL-12R expression in naive CD4+ T cells. Nat Immunol. 3:549–557. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Wiegand J, van Bömmel F and Berg T: Management of chronic hepatitis B: Status and challenges beyond treatment guidelines. Semin Liver Dis. 30:361–377. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Fung J, Lai CL, Yuen J, Cheng C, Wu R, Wong DK, Seto WK, Hung IF and Yuen MF: Randomized trial of lamivudine versus entecavir in entecavir-treated patients with undetectable hepatitis B virus DNA: Outcome at 2 Years. Hepatology. 53:1148–1153. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Dai S, Chen X, Yu Y, Zang G and Tang Z: Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice. Mol Med Rep 18: 4691-4699, 2018.
APA
Dai, S., Chen, X., Yu, Y., Zang, G., & Tang, Z. (2018). Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 18, 4691-4699. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9487
MLA
Dai, S., Chen, X., Yu, Y., Zang, G., Tang, Z."Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 18.5 (2018): 4691-4699.
Chicago
Dai, S., Chen, X., Yu, Y., Zang, G., Tang, Z."Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 18, no. 5 (2018): 4691-4699. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9487
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Dai S, Chen X, Yu Y, Zang G and Tang Z: Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice. Mol Med Rep 18: 4691-4699, 2018.
APA
Dai, S., Chen, X., Yu, Y., Zang, G., & Tang, Z. (2018). Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 18, 4691-4699. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9487
MLA
Dai, S., Chen, X., Yu, Y., Zang, G., Tang, Z."Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 18.5 (2018): 4691-4699.
Chicago
Dai, S., Chen, X., Yu, Y., Zang, G., Tang, Z."Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 18, no. 5 (2018): 4691-4699. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9487
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team