Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
May-2020 Volume 21 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2020 Volume 21 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice

  • Authors:
    • Yueqi Bao
    • Lili Huang
    • Xiaobo Huang
    • Chuang Gao
    • Yu Chen
    • Liucheng Wu
    • Shunxing Zhu
    • Yu Song
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Bao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2162-2170
    |
    Published online on: February 27, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11007
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The formation and development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is accompanied by inflammation and fibrosis. Existing treatments are expensive and can cause irreversible complications. Pirfenidone (PFD) exerts anti‑inflammatory and anti‑fibrotic effects; however, its applications in the eye remain unclear. Male C57BL/6J mice (aged 6‑8 weeks) were used to explore whether PFD can inhibit the formation of laser‑induced CNV. The localization of transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2) was determined through immunofluorescent staining. After laser photocoagulation, the vehicle and PFD groups were intravitreally injected with 1 µl PBS and 1 µl 0.5% PFD, respectively. At day 7 after intravitreal injection, the expression of TGFβ2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed. Fundus fluorescein angiography was performed to investigate the extent of fluorescence leakage, and the CNV areas were analyzed using a choroidal flat mount. The results demonstrated that, on day 7 after photocoagulation, the expression of TGFβ2 and VEGF was reduced in the experimental group. In addition, fluorescein angiography showed that the leakage area of CNV was significantly smaller in the PFD injection group than those observed in the control and vehicle groups. Moreover, the areas of CNV in the PFD injection group were smaller compared with those reported in the other two injection groups. Histopathological and TUNEL analyses performed on day 28 revealed that there were no notable abnormalities on the layers of the neural retina of PFD‑treated mice. In conclusion, intravitreal injection of PFD inhibited the formation of CNV in mice, likely via the downregulation of VEGF and TGFβ2, which did not cause damage to the mouse retina after 28 days of treatment.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Gehrs KM, Anderson DH, Johnson LV and Hageman GS: Age-related macular degeneration-emerging pathogenetic and therapeutic concepts. Ann Med. 38:450–471. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Ambati J and Fowler BJ: Mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration. Neuron. 75:26–39. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Campa C, Costagliola C, Incorvaia C, Sheridan C, Semeraro F, De Nadai K, Sebastiani A and Parmeggiani F: Inflammatory mediators and angiogenic factors in choroidal neovascularization: Pathogenetic interactions and therapeutic implications. Mediators Inflamm. 2010:2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Ambati J, Atkinson JP and Gelfand BD: Immunology of age-related macular degeneration. Nat Rev Immunol. 13:438–451. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

van Lookeren Campagne M, LeCouter J, Yaspan BL and Ye W: Mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration and therapeutic opportunities. J Pathol. 232:151–164. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Recalde S, Zarranz-Ventura J, Fernández-Robredo P, García-Gómez PJ, Salinas-Alamán A, Borrás-Cuesta F, Dotor J and García-Layana A: Transforming growth factor-β inhibition decreases diode laser-induced choroidal neovascularization development in rats: P17 and P144 peptides. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 52:7090–7097. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Zarranz-Ventura J, Fernández-Robredo P, Recalde S, Salinas-Alamán A, Borrás-Cuesta F, Dotor J and García-Layana A: Transforming growth factor-beta inhibition reduces progression of early choroidal neovascularization lesions in rats: P17 and P144 peptides. PLoS One. 8:e654342013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Ding D, Li C, Zhao T, Li D, Yang L and Zhang B: LncRNA H19/miR-29b-3p/PGRN axis promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition of colorectal cancer cells by acting on Wnt signaling. Mol Cells. 41:423–435. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Verrecchia F and Rédini F: Transforming growth factor-β signaling plays a pivotal role in the interplay between osteosarcoma cells and their microenvironment. Front Oncol. 8:1332018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Stewart AG, Thomas B and Koff J: TGF-β: Master regulator of inflammation and fibrosis. Respirology. 23:1096–1097. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Kita T, Hata Y, Arita R, Kawahara S, Miura M, Nakao S, Mochizuki Y, Enaida H, Goto Y, Shimokawa H, et al: Role of TGF-beta in proliferative vitreoretinal diseases and ROCK as a therapeutic target. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 105:17504–17509. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Saika S: TGFbeta pathobiology in the eye. Lab Invest. 86:106–115. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Bressler SB: Introduction: Understanding the role of angiogenesis and antiangiogenic agents in age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 116:S1–S7. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Nagineni CN, Samuel W, Nagineni S, Pardhasaradhi K, Wiggert B, Detrick B and Hooks JJ: Transforming growth factor-beta induces expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases. J Cell Physiol. 197:453–462. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Yamagami K, Oka T, Wang Q, Ishizu T, Lee JK, Miwa K, Akazawa H, Naito AT, Sakata Y and Komuro I: Pirfenidone exhibits cardioprotective effects by regulating myocardial fibrosis and vascular permeability in pressure-overloaded hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 309:H512–H522. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Iyer SN, Hyde DM and Giri SN: Anti-inflammatory effect of pirfenidone in the bleomycin-hamster model of lung inflammation. Inflammation. 24:477–491. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Selvaggio AS and Noble PW: Pirfenidone initiates a new era in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Annu Rev Med. 67:487–495. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

King TE Jr, Bradford WZ, Castro-Bernardini S, Fagan EA, Glaspole I, Glassberg MK, Gorina E, Hopkins PM, Kardatzke D, Lancaster L, et al: A phase 3 trial of pirfenidone in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 370:2083–2092. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Noble PW, Albera C, Bradford WZ, Costabel U, du Bois RM, Fagan EA, Fishman RS, Glaspole I, Glassberg MK, Lancaster L, et al: Pirfenidone for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Analysis of pooled data from three multinational phase 3 trials. Eur Respir J. 47:243–253. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Sharma K, Ix JH, Mathew AV, Cho M, Pflueger A, Dunn SR, Francos B, Sharma S, Falkner B, McGowan TA, et al: Pirfenidone for diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 22:1144–1151. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Lopez-de la Mora DA, Sanchez-Roque C, Montoya-Buelna M, Sanchez-Enriquez S, Lucano-Landeros S, Macias-Barragan J and Armendariz-Borunda J: Role and new insights of pirfenidone in fibrotic diseases. Int J Med Sci. 12:840–847. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Ishikawa K, Kannan R and Hinton DR: Molecular mechanisms of subretinal fibrosis in age-related macular degeneration. Exp Eye Res. 142:19–25. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Liu X, Zhu M, Yang X, Wang Y, Qin B, Cui C, Chen H and Sang A: Inhibition of RACK1 ameliorates choroidal neovascularization formation in vitro and in vivo. Exp Mol Pathol. 100:451–459. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Samuels BC, Siegwart JT, Zhan W, Hethcox L, Chimento M, Whitley R, Downs JC and Girkin CA: A novel tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) model of glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 59:3136–3143. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Khanum BNMK, Guha R, Sur VP, Nandi S, Basak SK, Konar A and Hazra S: Pirfenidone inhibits post-traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Eye (Lond). 31:1317–1328. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Shah RS, Soetikno BT, Lajko M and Fawzi AA: A mouse model for laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. J Vis Exp. e535022015.PubMed/NCBI

27 

Liu B, Gao J, Lyu BC, Du SS, Pei C, Zhu ZQ and Ma B: Expressions of TGF-β2, bFGF and ICAM-1 in lens epithelial cells of complicated cataract with silicone oil tamponade. Int J Ophthalmol. 10:1034–1039. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Hulin A, Deroanne CF, Lambert CA, Dumont B, Castronovo V, Defraigne JO, Nusgens BV, Radermecker MA and Colige AC: Metallothionein-dependent up-regulation of TGF-β2 participates in the remodelling of the myxomatous mitral valve. Cardiovasc Res. 93:480–489. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Wang X, Ma W, Han S, Meng Z, Zhao L, Yin Y, Wang Y and Li J: TGF-β participates choroid neovascularization through Smad2/3-VEGF/TNF-α signaling in mice with Laser-induced wet age-related macular degeneration. Sci Rep. 7:96722017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Cai Y, Li X, Wang YS, Shi YY, Ye Z, Yang GD, Dou GR, Hou HY, Yang N, Cao XR and Lu ZF: Hyperglycemia promotes vasculogenesis in choroidal neovascularization in diabetic mice by stimulating VEGF and SDF-1 expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res. 123:87–96. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Ozone D, Mizutani T, Nozaki M, Ohbayashi M, Hasegawa N, Kato A, Yasukawa T and Ogura Y: Tissue plasminogen activator as an antiangiogenic agent in experimental laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 57:5348–5354. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Page-McCaw A, Ewald AJ and Werb Z: Matrix metalloproteinases and the regulation of tissue remodelling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 8:221–233. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Pittayapruek P, Meephansan J, Prapapan O, Komine M and Ohtsuki M: Role of matrix metalloproteinases in photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 17:2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Ardeljan D and Chan CC: Aging is not a disease: Distinguishing age-related macular degeneration from aging. Prog Retin Eye Res. 37:68–89. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Wong CW, Yanagi Y, Lee WK, Ogura Y, Yeo I, Wong TY and Cheung CMG: Age-related macular Degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Asians. Prog Retin Eye Res. 53:107–139. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Bai Y, Liang S, Yu W, Zhao M, Huang L, Zhao M and Li X: Semaphorin 3A blocks the formation of pathologic choroidal neovascularization induced by transforming growth factor beta. Mol Vis. 20:1258–1270. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Tosi GM, Orlandini M and Galvagni F: The controversial role of TGF-β in neovascular age-related macular degeneration pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 19:2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Ogata N, Yamamoto C, Miyashiro M, Yamada H, Matsushima M and Uyama M: Expression of transforming growth factor-beta mRNA in experimental choroidal neovascularization. Curr Eye Res. 16:9–18. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Yamamoto C, Ogata N, Yi X, Takahashi K, Miyashiro M, Yamada H, Uyama M and Matsuzaki K: Immunolocalization of transforming growth factor beta during wound repair in rat retina after laser photocoagulation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 236:41–46. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Kim H, Choi YH, Park SJ, Lee SY, Kim SJ, Jou I and Kook KH: Antifibrotic effect of Pirfenidone on orbital fibroblasts of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy by decreasing TIMP-1 and collagen levels. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 51:3061–3066. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Chowdhury S, Guha R, Trivedi R, Kompella UB, Konar A and Hazra S: Pirfenidone nanoparticles improve corneal wound healing and prevent scarring following alkali burn. PLoS One. 8:e705282013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Zhong H, Sun G, Lin X, Wu K and Yu M: Evaluation of pirfenidone as a new postoperative antiscarring agent in experimental glaucoma surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 52:3136–3142. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Guo X, Yang Y, Liu L, Liu X, Xu J, Wu K and Yu M: Pirfenidone induces G1 arrest in human Tenon's fibroblasts in vitro involving AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 33:366–374. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Na JH, Sung KR, Shin JA and Moon JI: Antifibrotic effects of pirfenidone on Tenon's fibroblasts in glaucomatous eyes: Comparison with mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 253:1537–1545. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Yang Y, Ye Y, Lin X, Wu K and Yu M: Inhibition of pirfenidone on TGF-beta2 induced proliferation, migration and epithlial-mesenchymal transition of human lens epithelial cells line SRA01/04. PLoS One. 8:e568372013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Jiang N, Ma M, Li Y, Su T, Zhou XZ, Ye L, Yuan Q, Zhu P, Min Y, Shi W, et al: The role of pirfenidone in alkali burn rat cornea. Int Immunopharmacol. 64:78–85. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Bao Y, Huang L, Huang X, Gao C, Chen Y, Wu L, Zhu S and Song Y: Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice. Mol Med Rep 21: 2162-2170, 2020.
APA
Bao, Y., Huang, L., Huang, X., Gao, C., Chen, Y., Wu, L. ... Song, Y. (2020). Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 21, 2162-2170. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11007
MLA
Bao, Y., Huang, L., Huang, X., Gao, C., Chen, Y., Wu, L., Zhu, S., Song, Y."Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 21.5 (2020): 2162-2170.
Chicago
Bao, Y., Huang, L., Huang, X., Gao, C., Chen, Y., Wu, L., Zhu, S., Song, Y."Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 21, no. 5 (2020): 2162-2170. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11007
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Bao Y, Huang L, Huang X, Gao C, Chen Y, Wu L, Zhu S and Song Y: Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice. Mol Med Rep 21: 2162-2170, 2020.
APA
Bao, Y., Huang, L., Huang, X., Gao, C., Chen, Y., Wu, L. ... Song, Y. (2020). Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 21, 2162-2170. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11007
MLA
Bao, Y., Huang, L., Huang, X., Gao, C., Chen, Y., Wu, L., Zhu, S., Song, Y."Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 21.5 (2020): 2162-2170.
Chicago
Bao, Y., Huang, L., Huang, X., Gao, C., Chen, Y., Wu, L., Zhu, S., Song, Y."Pirfenidone ameliorates the formation of choroidal neovascularization in mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 21, no. 5 (2020): 2162-2170. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11007
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team