Open Access

Immunotherapy of Bacillus Calmette‑Guérin by targeting macrophages against bladder cancer in a NOD/scid IL2Rg‑/‑ mouse model

  • Authors:
    • Qing‑Long Tan
    • Chang‑Yuan Zhou
    • Lin Cheng
    • Min Luo
    • Chun‑Ping Liu
    • Wen‑Xing Xu
    • Xian Zhang
    • Xing Zeng
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: April 22, 2020     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11090
  • Pages: 362-370
  • Copyright: © Tan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Bacillus Calmette‑Guérin (BCG) is considered to be a successful biotherapy for treating bladder cancer (BCa). However, the underlying mechanisms of BCG have not been completely clarified, to date. The role of macrophages in BCG therapy for BCa has still not been determined in vivo. In the present study, the role and potential mechanism of BCG (0.25, 1.25 and 6.25 µg/mouse; intravenous) immunotherapy for BCa was investigated in a NOD/scid IL2Rg‑/‑ (NSI) mouse model by targeting macrophages in vivo. Notably, it was observed that NSI mice with T24 BCa cells displayed high levels of the macrophage marker CD11b+ F4/80+ after injection via the tail vein of live BCG, as well as a significant reduction in tumor volume. The levels of the inflammatory and macrophage maturation cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6, IL‑12P70, TNF superfamily member 11 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1, were significantly increased in the serum and the tumor supernatant compared to that in normal control subjects. Furthermore, BCG promoted the expression of the pro‑differential genes Spi‑1 proto‑oncogene, early growth response protein 1, nuclear factor (NF)‑κB and proto‑oncogene c‑Fos in bone marrow. In conclusion, these observations indicate that the injection of live BCG can target macrophages against bladder tumor growth in vivo. The mechanism is likely related to the promotion of macrophage maturation, immune activation and increased numbers of macrophages infiltrating the bladder tumor.
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July-2020
Volume 22 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Tan QL, Zhou CY, Cheng L, Luo M, Liu CP, Xu WX, Zhang X and Zeng X: Immunotherapy of Bacillus Calmette‑Guérin by targeting macrophages against bladder cancer in a NOD/scid IL2Rg‑/‑ mouse model. Mol Med Rep 22: 362-370, 2020
APA
Tan, Q., Zhou, C., Cheng, L., Luo, M., Liu, C., Xu, W. ... Zeng, X. (2020). Immunotherapy of Bacillus Calmette‑Guérin by targeting macrophages against bladder cancer in a NOD/scid IL2Rg‑/‑ mouse model. Molecular Medicine Reports, 22, 362-370. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11090
MLA
Tan, Q., Zhou, C., Cheng, L., Luo, M., Liu, C., Xu, W., Zhang, X., Zeng, X."Immunotherapy of Bacillus Calmette‑Guérin by targeting macrophages against bladder cancer in a NOD/scid IL2Rg‑/‑ mouse model". Molecular Medicine Reports 22.1 (2020): 362-370.
Chicago
Tan, Q., Zhou, C., Cheng, L., Luo, M., Liu, C., Xu, W., Zhang, X., Zeng, X."Immunotherapy of Bacillus Calmette‑Guérin by targeting macrophages against bladder cancer in a NOD/scid IL2Rg‑/‑ mouse model". Molecular Medicine Reports 22, no. 1 (2020): 362-370. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11090