Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
September-2020 Volume 22 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2020 Volume 22 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts

  • Authors:
    • Danli Hu
    • Ruolan Dong
    • Yanjun Zhang
    • Yan Yang
    • Zhihui Chen
    • Ying Tang
    • Menglu Fu
    • Xizhen Xu
    • Ling Tu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, P.R. China, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, General Hospital of Puyang Oil Field, Puyang, Henan 457001, P.R. China, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Hu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1859-1867
    |
    Published online on: June 19, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11260
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Age-related alterations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have been reported in the cardiovascular system; however, the detailed mechanism of the RAAS component mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) has not been elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between MR and cardiac aging in rats, as well as the regulatory effects of oxidative stress and mitochondrial abnormalities in the aging process. MR expression in the hearts of male Sprague‑Dawley rats aged 3 months (young rats) and 24 months (old rats) was evaluated in vivo. In addition, in vitro, H9C2 cells were treated with a specific MR antagonist, eplerenone, in order to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibition of myocyte aging process. The results demonstrated that MR expression was significantly higher in 24‑month‑old rat hearts compared with in 3‑month‑old rat hearts. These changes were accompanied by increased p53 expression, decreased peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ coactivator‑1α expression, decreased mitochondrial renewal as assessed by electron microscopy, increased oxidative stress and decreased superoxide dismutase. In vitro, selective antagonism of MR partially blocked H2O2‑induced myocardial aging as assessed by p16, p21 and p53 expression levels and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. These results indicated that increased MR expression may drive age‑related cardiac dysfunction via mitochondrial damage, increased ROS accumulation and an imbalanced redox state.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

United Nations, Department of Economic, Social Affairs and Population Division: World Population Ageing 2017 - Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/397). United Nations, New York, NY, 2017.

2 

Wyss-Coray T: Ageing, neurodegeneration and brain rejuvenation. Nature. 539:180–186. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Rickard AJ, Morgan J, Bienvenu LA, Fletcher EK, Cranston GA, Shen JZ, Reichelt ME, Delbridge LM and Young MJ: Cardiomyocyte mineralocorticoid receptors are essential for deoxycorticosterone/salt-mediated inflammation and cardiac fibrosis. Hypertension. 60:1443–1450. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Lother A, Berger S, Gilsbach R, Rösner S, Ecke A, Barreto F, Bauersachs J, Schütz G and Hein L: Ablation of mineralocorticoid receptors in myocytes but not in fibroblasts preserves cardiac function. Hypertension. 57:746–754. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

López-Otin C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M and Kroemer G: The hallmarks of aging. Cell. 153:1194–1217. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Biernacka A and Frangogiannis NG: Aging and cardiac fibrosis. Aging Dis. 2:158–173. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

7 

Boyle AJ, Shih H, Hwang J, Ye J, Lee B, Zhang Y, Kwon D, Jun K, Zheng D, Sievers R, et al: Cardiomyopathy of aging in the mammalian heart is characterized by myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and a predisposition towards cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagy. Exp Gerontol. 46:549–559. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, Palensky J and Wittes J: The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. randomized aldactone evaluation study investigators. N Engl J Med. 341:709–717. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Fraccarollo D, Berger S, Galuppo P, Kneitz S, Hein L, Schütz G, Frantz S, Ertl G and Bauersachs J: Deletion of cardiomyocyte mineralocorticoid receptor ameliorates adverse remodeling after myocardial infarction. Circulation. 123:400–408. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Kilkenny C, Browne W, Cuthill IC, Emerson M and Altman DG; NC3Rs Reporting Guidelines Working Group, : Animal research: Reporting in vivo experiments: The ARRIVE guidelines. Br J Pharmacol. 160:1577–1579. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition. American Veterinary Medical Association. (Schaumburg, IL). 2013.

12 

Padilha CS, Borges FH, Costa Mendes da Silva LE, Frajacomo FTT, Jordao AA, Duarte JA, Cecchini R, Guarnier FA and Deminice R: Resistance exercise attenuates skeletal muscle oxidative stress, systemic pro-inflammatory state, and cachexia in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 42:916–923. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Guarnier FA, Cecchini AL, Suzukawa AA, Maragno AL, Simão AN, Gomes MD and Cecchini R: Time course of skeletal muscle loss and oxidative stress in rats with Walker 256 solid tumor. Muscle Nerve. 42:950–958. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Lai J, Chen F, Chen J, Ruan G, He M, Chen C, Tang J and Wang D: Overexpression of decorin promoted angiogenesis in diabetic cardiomyopathy via IGF1R-AKT-VEGF signaling. Sci Rep. 7:444732017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Mascorro JA and Bozzola JJ: Processing biological tissues for ultrastructural study. Methods Mol Biol. 369:19–34. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Feng W, Xu X, Zhao G, Zhao J, Dong R, Ma B, Zhang Y, Long G, Wang DW and Tu L: Increased Age-related cardiac dysfunction in bradykinin B2 receptor-deficient mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 71:178–187. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Takimoto E, Champion HC, Li M, Ren S, Rodriguez ER, Tavazzi B, Lazzarino G, Paolocci N, Gabrielson KL, Wang Y and Kass DA: Oxidant stress from nitric oxide synthase-3 uncoupling stimulates cardiac pathologic remodeling from chronic pressure load. J Clin Invest. 115:1221–1231. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Tyner SD, Venkatachalam S, Choi J, Jones S, Ghebranious N, Igelmann H, Lu X, Soron G, Cooper B, Brayton C, et al: p53 mutant mice that display early ageing-associated phenotypes. Nature. 415:45–53. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Chen T, Li J, Liu J, Li N, Wang S, Liu H, Zeng M, Zhang Y and Bu P: Activation of SIRT3 by resveratrol ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and improves cardiac function via the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 308:H424–H434. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Susic D, Varagic J and Frohlich ED: Isolated systolic hypertension in elderly WKY is reversed with L-arginine and ACE inhibition. Hypertension. 38:1422–1426. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Neves MF, Cunha AR, Cunha MR, Gismondi RA and Oigman W: The role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its new components in arterial stiffness and vascular aging. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev. 25:137–145. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Cheng Z, Ito S, Nishio N, Thanasegaran S, Fang H and Isobe K: Characteristics of cardiac aging in C57BL/6 mice. Exp Gerontol. 48:341–348. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Sahin E, Colla S, Liesa M, Moslehi J, Müller FL, Guo M, Cooper M, Kotton D, Fabian AJ, Walkey C, et al: Telomere dysfunction induces metabolic and mitochondrial compromise. Nature. 470:359–365. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Moslehi J, DePinho RA and Sahin E: Telomeres and mitochondria in the aging heart. Circ Res. 110:1226–1237. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Leone TC and Kelly DP: Transcriptional control of cardiac fuel metabolism and mitochondrial function. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Bio. 76:175–182. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Lehman JJ, Barger PM, Kovacs A, Saffitz JE, Medeiros DM and Kelly DP: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 promotes cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis. J Clin Invest. 106:847–856. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Bonda TA, Szynaka B, Sokolowska M, Dziemidowicz M, Winnicka MM, Chyczewski L and Kamiński KA: Remodeling of the intercalated disc related to aging in the mouse heart. J Cardiol. 68:261–268. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Burks TN, Marx R, Powell L, Rucker J, Bedja D, Heacock E, Smith BJ, Foster DB, Kass D, O'Rourke B, et al: Combined effects of aging and inflammation on renin-angiotensin system mediate mitochondrial dysfunction and phenotypic changes in cardiomyopathies. Oncotarget. 6:11979–11993. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Yoon HE and Choi BS: The renin-angiotensin system and aging in the kidney. Korean J Intern Med. 29:291–295. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Uneda K, Wakui H, Maeda A, Azushima K, Kobayashi R, Haku S, Ohki K, Haruhara K, Kinguchi S, Matsuda M, et al: Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor-associated protein regulates kidney aging and lifespan independent of angiotensin. J Am Heart Assoc. 6(pii): e0061202017.PubMed/NCBI

32 

Yoon HE, Kim EN, Kim MY, Lim JH, Jang IA, Ban TH, Shin SJ, Park CW, Chang YS and Choi BS: Age-associated changes in the vascular renin-angiotensin system in mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016:67310932016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Wang M, Zhang J, Walker SJ, Dworakowski R, Lakatta EG and Shah AM: Involvement of NADPH oxidase in age-associated cardiac remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 48:765–772. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Young MJ and Rickard AJ: Mineralocorticoid receptors in the heart: Lessons from cell-selective transgenic animals. J Endocrinol. 224:R1–R13. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Ouvrard-Pascaud A, Sainte-Marie Y, Bénitah JP, Perrier R, Soukaseum C, Nguyen Dinh Cat A, Royer A, Le Quang K, Charpentier F, Demolombe S, et al: Conditional mineralocorticoid receptor expression in the heart leads to life-threatening arrhythmias. Circulation. 111:3025–3033. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Sen N, Satija YK and Das S: PGC-1α, a key modulator of p53, promotes cell survival upon metabolic stress. Mol Cell. 44:621–634. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Viña J, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Borras C, Froio T, Sanchis-Gomar F, Martinez-Bello VE and Pallardo FV: Mitochondrial biogenesis in exercise and in ageing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 61:1369–1374. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

López-Lluch G, Irusta PM, Navas P and de Cabo R: Mitochondrial biogenesis and healthy aging. Exp Gerontol. 43:813–819. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Sahin E and Depinho RA: Linking functional decline of telomeres, mitochondria and stem cells during ageing. Nature. 464:520–528. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Bedard K and Krause KH: The NOX family of ROS-generating NADPH oxidases: Physiology and pathophysiology. Physiol Rev. 87:245–313. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Tsutsui H, Kinugawa S and Matsushima S: Mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction in myocardial remodelling. Cardiovasc Res. 81:449–456. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Di Lisa F, Kaludercic N, Carpi A, Menabó R and Giorgio M: Mitochondria and vascular pathology. Pharmacol Rep. 61:123–130. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Gomez-Cabrera MC, Sanchis-Gomar F, Garcia-Valles R, Pareja-Galeano H, Gambini J, Borras C and Viña J: Mitochondria as sources and targets of damage in cellular aging. Clin Chem Lab Med. 50:1287–1295. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Rajamohan SB, Raghuraman G, Prabhakar NR and Kumar GK: NADPH oxidase-derived H(2)O(2) contributes to angiotensin II-induced aldosterone synthesis in human and rat adrenal cortical cells. Antioxid Redox Signal. 17:445–459. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Hu D, Dong R, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen Z, Tang Y, Fu M, Xu X and Tu L: Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts. Mol Med Rep 22: 1859-1867, 2020.
APA
Hu, D., Dong, R., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, Z., Tang, Y. ... Tu, L. (2020). Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts. Molecular Medicine Reports, 22, 1859-1867. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11260
MLA
Hu, D., Dong, R., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, Z., Tang, Y., Fu, M., Xu, X., Tu, L."Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts". Molecular Medicine Reports 22.3 (2020): 1859-1867.
Chicago
Hu, D., Dong, R., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, Z., Tang, Y., Fu, M., Xu, X., Tu, L."Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts". Molecular Medicine Reports 22, no. 3 (2020): 1859-1867. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11260
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Hu D, Dong R, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen Z, Tang Y, Fu M, Xu X and Tu L: Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts. Mol Med Rep 22: 1859-1867, 2020.
APA
Hu, D., Dong, R., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, Z., Tang, Y. ... Tu, L. (2020). Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts. Molecular Medicine Reports, 22, 1859-1867. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11260
MLA
Hu, D., Dong, R., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, Z., Tang, Y., Fu, M., Xu, X., Tu, L."Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts". Molecular Medicine Reports 22.3 (2020): 1859-1867.
Chicago
Hu, D., Dong, R., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, Z., Tang, Y., Fu, M., Xu, X., Tu, L."Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts". Molecular Medicine Reports 22, no. 3 (2020): 1859-1867. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11260
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team