Functions, pathophysiology and current insights of exosomal endocrinology (Review)
- Authors:
- Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Τhanasis Mitsis
- Nicolas Nicolaides
- Aspasia Efthimiadou
- Antonis Giannakakis
- Flora Bacopoulou
- George P. Chrousos
-
Affiliations: Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece, University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece, Hellenic Agricultural Organization‑Demeter, Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Department of Soil Science of Athens, 14123 Lycovrisi, Greece - Published online on: November 4, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11664
- Article Number: 26
This article is mentioned in:
Abstract
 |
|
Doyle LM and Wang MZ: Overview of extracellular vesicles, their origin, composition, purpose, and methods for exosome isolation and analysis. Cells. 8:7272019. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Lawson C, Vicencio JM, Yellon DM and Davidson SM: Microvesicles and exosomes: New players in metabolic and cardiovascular disease. J Endocrinol. 228:R57–R71. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Patel GK, Khan MA, Zubair H, Srivastava SK, Khushman Md, Singh S and Singh AP: Comparative analysis of exosome isolation methods using culture supernatant for optimum yield, purity and downstream applications. Sci Rep. 9:53352019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Yakimchuk K: Exosomes: Isolation and characterization methods and specific markers. Mater Methods. 5:14502015.//dx.doi.org/10.13070/mm.en.5.1450. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Maacha S, Bhat AA, Jimenez L, Raza A, Haris M, Uddin S and Grivel JC: Extracellular vesicles-mediated intercellular communication: Roles in the tumor microenvironment and anti-cancer drug resistance. Mol Cancer. 18:552019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Yanez-Mo M, Siljander PR, Andreu Z, Zavec AB, Borras FE, Buzas EI, Buzas K, Casal E, Cappello F, Carvalho J, et al: Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions. J Extracell Vesicles. 4:270662015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Villa F, Quarto R and Tasso R: Extracellular vesicles as natural, safe and efficient drug delivery systems. Pharmaceutics. 11:5572019. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Zarka R, Horev MB, Volberg T, Neubauer S, Kessler H, Spatz JP and Geiger B: Differential modulation of platelet adhesion and spreading by adhesive ligand density. Nano Lett. 19:1418–1427. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
He M, Crow J, Roth M, Zeng Y and Godwin AK: Integrated immunoisolation and protein analysis of circulating exosomes using microfluidic technology. Lab Chip. 14:3773–3780. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Camussi G, Deregibus MC, Bruno S, Cantaluppi V and Biancone L: Exosomes/microvesicles as a mechanism of cell-to-cell communication. Kidney Int. 78:838–848. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Isola AL and Chen S: Exosomes: The messengers of health and disease. Curr Neuropharmacol. 15:157–165. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Crenshaw BJ, Gu L, Sims B and Matthews QL: Exosome biogenesis and biological function in response to viral infections. Open Virol J. 12:134–148. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Nussey SS and Whitehead SA: Endocrinology: An Integrated Approach. CRC Press; 2001, View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Thery C, Ostrowski M and Segura E: Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol. 9:581–593. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zduriencikova M, Gronesova P, Cholujova D and Sedlak J: Potential biomarkers of exosomal cargo in endocrine signaling. Endocr Regul. 49:141–50. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Qin J and Xu Q: Functions and application of exosomes. Acta Pol Pharm. 71:537–543. 2014.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Willms E, Cabañas C, Mäger I, Wood MJA and Vader P: Extracellular vesicle heterogeneity: Subpopulations, isolation techniques, and diverse functions in cancer progression. Front Immunol. 9:7382018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Hessvik NP and Llorente A: Current knowledge on exosome biogenesis and release. Cell Mol Life Sci. 75:193–208. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Turegano-Lopez M, Santuy A, DeFelipe J and Merchan-Perez A: Size, shape, and distribution of multivesicular bodies in the juvenile rat somatosensory cortex: A 3D electron microscopy study. Cereb Cortex. 30:18872020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Tang Y and Dawn B: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes: The Potential for Translational Nanomedicine. 1st edition. Academic Press; 2015 | |
|
Catalano M and O'Driscoll L: Inhibiting extracellular vesicles formation and release: A review of EV inhibitors. J Extracell Vesicles. 9:17032442020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Beer KB and Wehman AM: Mechanisms and functions of extracellular vesicle release in vivo: What we can learn from flies and worms. Cell Adh Migr. 11:135–50. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Pegtel DM and Gould SJ: Exosomes. Annu Rev Biochem. 88:487–514. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Meldolesi J: Exosomes and ectosomes in intercellular communication. Curr Biol. 28:R435–R44. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Cocucci E and Meldolesi J: Ectosomes and exosomes: Shedding the confusion between extracellular vesicles. Trends Cell Biol. 25:364–372. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Urbanelli L, Magini A, Buratta S, Brozzi A, Sagini K, Polchi A, Tancini B and Emiliani C: Signaling pathways in exosomes biogenesis, secretion and fate. Genes (Basel). 4:152–170. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
de la Torre Gomez C, Goreham RV, Bech Serra JJ, Nann T and Kussmann M: ‘Exosomics’: A review of biophysics, biology and biochemistry of exosomes with a focus on human breast milk. Front Genet. 9:922018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, Sjostrand M, Lee JJ and Lotvall JO: Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol. 9:654–659. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Huang Y, Shen XJ, Zou Q, Wang SP, Tang SM and Zhang GZ: Biological functions of microRNAs: A review. J Physiol Biochem. 67:129–139. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Wang M, Yu F, Ding H, Wang Y, Li P and Wang K: Emerging function and clinical values of exosomal MicroRNAs in cancer. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 16:791–804. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Beuzelin D and Kaeffer B: Exosomes and miRNA-loaded biomimetic nanovehicles, a focus on their potentials preventing type-2 diabetes linked to metabolic syndrome. Frontiers in immunology. 9:27112018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Jeyaraj M, Qasim M and Kim JH: Review of the isolation, characterization, biological function, and multifarious therapeutic approaches of exosomes. Cells. 8:3072019. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Tahergorabi Z and Khazaei M: A review on angiogenesis and its assays. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 15:1110–1126. 2012.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Ribeiro MF, Zhu H, Millard RW and Fan GC: Exosomes function in pro- and anti-angiogenesis. Curr Angiogenes. 2:54–59. 2013.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zimta AA, Baru O, Badea M, Buduru SD and Berindan-Neagoe I: The role of angiogenesis and pro-angiogenic exosomes in regenerative dentistry. Int J Mol Sci. 20:4062019. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Pawankar R, Holgate S and Rosenwasser L: Allergy Frontiers: Future Perspectives. 6. Springer; 2010 | |
|
Leone DA, Rees AJ and Kain R: Dendritic cells and routing cargo into exosomes. Immunol Cell Biol. 2018.(Ahead of print). View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Luckheeram RV, Zhou R, Verma AD and Xia B: CD4+ T cells: Differentiation and functions. Clin Dev Immunol. 2012:9251352012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Théry C, Ostrowski M and Segura E: Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol. 9:581–593. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhang N and Bevan MJ: CD8+ T cells: Foot soldiers of the immune system. Immunity. 35:161–168. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Chan BD, Wong WY, Lee MM, Cho WC, Yee BK, Kwan YW and Tai WC: Exosomes in inflammation and inflammatory disease. Proteomics. 19:e18001492019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Reddy VS, Madala SK, Trinath J and Reddy GB: Extracellular small heat shock proteins: Exosomal biogenesis and function. Cell Stress Chaperones. 23:441–454. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Takahashi A, Okada R, Nagao K, Kawamata Y, Hanyu A, Yoshimoto S, Takasugi M, Watanabe S, Kanemaki MT, Obuse C and Hara E: Exosomes maintain cellular homeostasis by excreting harmful DNA from cells. Nat Commun. 8:152872017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Singh R, Letai A and Sarosiek K: Regulation of apoptosis in health and disease: The balancing act of BCL-2 family proteins. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 20:175–193. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Alberts B: Molecular biology of the cell, 6th edition. CRC Press; 2017 | |
|
Jan R and Chaudhry GE: Understanding apoptosis and apoptotic pathways targeted cancer therapeutics. Adv Pharm Bull. 9:205–218. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Caruso S and Poon IKH: Apoptotic cell-derived extracellular vesicles: More than just debris. Front Immunol. 9:14862018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kakarla R, Hur J, Kim YJ, Kim J and Chwae YJ: Apoptotic cell-derived exosomes: Messages from dying cells. Exp Mol Med. 52:1–6. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Sanchez Alvarado A and Yamanaka S: Rethinking differentiation: Stem cells, regeneration, and plasticity. Cell. 157:110–119. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Narayanan R, Huang CC and Ravindran S: Hijacking the cellular mail: Exosome mediated differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Int. 2016:38086742016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Chrousos GP: Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 5:374–381. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Nicolaides NC, Kyratzi E, Lamprokostopoulou A, Chrousos GP and Charmandari E: Stress, the stress system and the role of glucocorticoids. Neuroimmunomodulation. 22:6–19. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Hiller-Sturmhofel S and Bartke A: The endocrine system: An overview. Alcohol Health Res World. 22:153–164. 1998.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhang HG and Grizzle WE: Exosomes: A novel pathway of local and distant intercellular communication that facilitates the growth and metastasis of neoplastic lesions. Am J Pathol. 184:28–41. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Beninson LA and Fleshner M: Exosomes: An emerging factor in stress-induced immunomodulation. Semin Immunol. 26:394–401. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Fleshner M and Crane CR: Exosomes, DAMPs and miRNA: Features of stress physiology and immune homeostasis. Trends Immunol. 38:768–776. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Anderson M, Kashanchi F and Jacobson S: Role of exosomes in human retroviral mediated disorders. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 13:279–291. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Anderson MR, Kashanchi F and Jacobson S: Exosomes in viral disease. Neurotherapeutics. 13:535–546. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Urbanelli L, Buratta S, Tancini B, Sagini K, Delo F, Porcellati S and Emiliani C: The role of extracellular vesicles in viral infection and transmission. Vaccines (Basel). 7:1022019. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Keryer-Bibens C, Pioche-Durieu C, Villemant C, Souquere S, Nishi N, Hirashima M, Middeldorp J and Busson P: Exosomes released by EBV-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells convey the viral latent membrane protein 1 and the immunomodulatory protein galectin 9. BMC Cancer. 6:2832006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Votteler J and Sundquist WI: Virus budding and the ESCRT pathway. Cell Host Microbe. 14:232–241. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Nolte-'t Hoen E, Cremer T, Gallo RC and Margolis LB: Extracellular vesicles and viruses: Are they close relatives? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 113:9155–9161. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kawamura Y, Yamamoto Y, Sato TA and Ochiya T: Extracellular vesicles as trans-genomic agents: Emerging roles in disease and evolution. Cancer Sci. 108:824–830. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Maqbool F, Mostafalou S, Bahadar H and Abdollahi M: Review of endocrine disorders associated with environmental toxicants and possible involved mechanisms. Life Sci. 145:265–273. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Agha M and Agha R: The rising prevalence of obesity: part A: Impact on public health. Int J Surg Oncol (N Y). 2:e172017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kim A, Shah AS and Nakamura T: Extracellular Vesicles: A potential novel regulator of obesity and its associated complications. Children (Basel). 5:1522018. | |
|
Castaño C, Kalko S, Novials A and Párrizas M: Obesity-associated exosomal miRNAs modulate glucose and lipid metabolism in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 115:12158–12163. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhang B, Yang Y, Xiang L, Zhao Z and Ye R: Adipose-derived exosomes: A novel adipokine in obesity-associated diabetes. J Cell Physiol. 234:16692–16702. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Olokoba AB, Obateru OA and Olokoba LB: Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review of current trends. Oman Med J. 27:269–273. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Nath D, Heemels MT and Anson L: Obesity and diabetes. Nature. 444:8392006. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Dang SY, Leng Y, Wang ZX, Xiao X, Zhang X, Wen T, Gong HZ, Hong A and Ma Y: Exosomal transfer of obesity adipose tissue for decreased miR-141-3p mediate insulin resistance of hepatocytes. Int J Biol Sci. 15:351–368. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Xiao Y, Zheng L, Zou X, Wang J, Zhong J and Zhong T: Extracellular vesicles in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Key roles in pathogenesis, complications, and therapy. J Extracell Vesicles. 8:16256772019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Simon C, Greening DW, Bolumar D, Balaguer N, Salamonsen LA and Vilella F: Extracellular vesicles in human reproduction in health and disease. Endocr Rev. 39:292–332. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zondervan KT, Becker CM, Koga K, Missmer SA, Taylor RN and Vigano P: Endometriosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 4:92018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Schjenken JE, Panir K, Robertson SA and Hull ML: Exosome-mediated intracellular signalling impacts the development of endometriosis-new avenues for endometriosis research. Mol Hum Reprod. 25:2–4. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
El Hayek S, Bitar L, Hamdar LH, Mirza FG and Daoud G: Poly cystic ovarian syndrome: An updated overview. Front Physiol. 7:1242016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Hu J, Tang T, Zeng Z, Wu J, Tan X and Yan J: The expression of small RNAs in exosomes of follicular fluid altered in human polycystic ovarian syndrome. PeerJ. 8:e86402020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Rajagopal C and Harikumar KB: The origin and functions of exosomes in cancer. Front Oncol. 8:662018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Tai YL, Chen KC, Hsieh JT and Shen TL: Exosomes in cancer development and clinical applications. Cancer Sci. 109:2364–3674. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Tung KH, Ernstoff MS, Allen C and an Shu SL: A Review of Exosomes and their Role in The Tumor Microenvironment and Host-Tumor ‘Macroenvironment’. J Immunol Sci. 3:4–8. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Sahai E, Astsaturov I, Cukierman E, DeNardo DG, Egeblad M, Evans RM, Fearon D, Greten FR, Hingorani SR, Hunter T, et al: A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Nat Rev Cancer. 20:174–186. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Currie G and Delles C: Precision medicine and personalized medicine in cardiovascular disease. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1065:589–605. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu H and Tang WH: Exosomes: Biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential. Cell Biosci. 9:192019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Mayeux R: Biomarkers: Potential uses and limitations. NeuroRx. 1:182–188. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Sancho-Albero M, Navascués N, Mendoza G, Sebastián V, Arruebo M, Martín-Duque P and Santamaría J: Exosome origin determines cell targeting and the transfer of therapeutic nanoparticles towards target cells. J Nanobiotechnology. 17:162019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Boukouris S and Mathivanan S: Exosomes in bodily fluids are a highly stable resource of disease biomarkers. Proteomics Clin Appl. 9:358–367. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Liu C and Su C: Design strategies and application progress of therapeutic exosomes. Theranostics. 9:1015–1028. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhao T, Sun F, Liu J, Ding T, She J, Mao F, Xu W, Qian H and Yan Y: Emerging role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in regenerative medicine. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 14:482–494. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Luan X, Sansanaphongpricha K, Myers I, Chen H, Yuan H and Sun D: Engineering exosomes as refined biological nanoplatforms for drug delivery. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 38:754–763. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Conlan RS, Pisano S, Oliveira MI, Ferrari M and Mendes Pinto I: Exosomes as reconfigurable therapeutic systems. Trends Mol Med. 23:636–650. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI |
