Open Access

Dickkopf‑1/cysteine‑rich angiogenic inducer 61 axis mediates palmitic acid‑induced inflammation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells

  • Authors:
    • Yi-Rong Gan
    • Ling Wei
    • Yan-Zhen Wang
    • Zong-Ke Kou
    • Tian-Xiang Liang
    • Guan-Waner Ding
    • Yan-Hong Ding
    • Ding-Xiong Xie
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 7, 2020     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11761
  • Article Number: 122
  • Copyright: © Gan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of mortality around the world, and the presence of atherosclerosis is the most common characteristic in patients with CVDs. Cysteine‑rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CCN1) has been reported to serve an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic lesions. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether CCN1 could regulate the inflammation and apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by palmitic acid (PA). Dickkopf‑1 (DKK1) is an important antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway, which can specifically inhibit the classic Wnt signaling pathway. Firstly, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CCN1 were detected. Additionally, endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS), DKK1, β‑catenin, and inflammation‑ and apoptosis‑associated proteins were measured. Detection of NO was performed using a commercial kit. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were assessed to explore the effect of CCN1 on PA‑induced inflammation. TUNEL assay was used to detect the apoptosis of endothelial cells. The results revealed that PA upregulated the expression levels of CCN1, inflammatory cytokines and pro‑apoptotic proteins in endothelial cells. PA decreased the production of NO, and the levels of phosphorylated‑eNOS, whereas knockdown of CCN1 partially abrogated these effects triggered by PA. Furthermore, the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway was activated in PA‑induced endothelial cells; however, the levels of DKK1 were downregulated. Overexpression of DKK1 could reduce CCN1 expression via inactivation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. In conclusion, knockdown of CCN1 attenuated PA‑induced inflammation and apoptosis of endothelial cells via inactivating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
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February-2021
Volume 23 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
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Spandidos Publications style
Gan Y, Wei L, Wang Y, Kou Z, Liang T, Ding G, Ding Y and Xie D: Dickkopf‑1/cysteine‑rich angiogenic inducer 61 axis mediates palmitic acid‑induced inflammation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 23: 122, 2021
APA
Gan, Y., Wei, L., Wang, Y., Kou, Z., Liang, T., Ding, G. ... Xie, D. (2021). Dickkopf‑1/cysteine‑rich angiogenic inducer 61 axis mediates palmitic acid‑induced inflammation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 23, 122. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11761
MLA
Gan, Y., Wei, L., Wang, Y., Kou, Z., Liang, T., Ding, G., Ding, Y., Xie, D."Dickkopf‑1/cysteine‑rich angiogenic inducer 61 axis mediates palmitic acid‑induced inflammation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 23.2 (2021): 122.
Chicago
Gan, Y., Wei, L., Wang, Y., Kou, Z., Liang, T., Ding, G., Ding, Y., Xie, D."Dickkopf‑1/cysteine‑rich angiogenic inducer 61 axis mediates palmitic acid‑induced inflammation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 23, no. 2 (2021): 122. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11761