Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
August-2021 Volume 24 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2021 Volume 24 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Baicalin relieves Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway

  • Authors:
    • Han Zhang
    • Xiang Li
    • Juan Wang
    • Qi Cheng
    • Yunxiao Shang
    • Guizhen Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Paediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 571
    |
    Published online on: June 8, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12210
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen that can cause respiratory infections. MP pneumonia (MPP) leads to numerous complications, including lung injury and even death. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Baicalin treatment on MP infection‑induced lung injury and the molecular mechanism underlying these effects. Briefly, after mice were infected intranasally by MP and treated with Baicalin (80 mg/kg), serum levels of MP‑immunoglobulin M (IgM) were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of C‑reactive protein (CRP) in lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was examined by ELISA. Inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells in the BALF were assessed. The expression levels of microRNA (miR)‑221 in lung tissue were examined by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and pathological changes in lung tissue were detected by H&E staining. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay and the protein expression levels of TLR4, MyD88 and NF‑κB were detected by western blotting. Baicalin treatment significantly reduced serum levels of MP‑IgM and CRP expression in lung tissue during MP infection. In addition, Baicalin decreased the levels of IL‑1β, IL‑6, IL‑18 and TNF‑α in the BALF, and the number of inflammatory cells. Baicalin also reduced the inflammatory infiltration in lung tissue induced by MP infection, improved the pathological changes detected in lung tissue, reduced apoptosis, and downregulated the protein expression levels of TLR4, MyD88 and NF‑κB. Furthermore, Baicalin treatment downregulated the expression of miR‑221 and the protective effects of Baicalin were attenuated by miR‑221 overexpression. In conclusion, Baicalin has a therapeutic effect on mice with MP infection‑induced lung injury, which may be related to inhibition of miR‑221 expression and regulation of the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Anjum MU, Riaz H and Tayyab HM: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARIS); clinico-epidemiolocal profile in children of less than five years of age. Professional Med J. 24:322–325. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Guillet E, Mas C, Bauvin I, Beze Beyrie P, Mansir T and Guérin B: Extrarespiratory manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae: A case report. Arch Pediatr. 21:381–383. 2014.(In French). View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Hanzawa F, Fuchigami T, Ishii W, Nakajima S, Kawamura Y, Endo A, Arakawa C, Kohira R, Fujita Y and Takahashi S: A 3-year-old boy with Guillain-Barré syndrome and encephalitis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. J Infect Chemother. 20:134–138. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Esposito S, Blasi F, Arosio C, Fioravanti L, Fagetti L, Droghetti R, Tarsia P, Allegra L and Principi N: Importance of acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae infections in children with wheezing. Eur Respir J. 16:1142–1146. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Liu WK, Liu Q, Chen DH, Liang HX, Chen XK, Chen MX, Qiu SY, Yang ZY and Zhou R: Epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children in Guangzhou: A three-year study. PLoS One. 9:e966742014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Gullsby K and Bondeson K: No detection of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae from Swedish patients, 1996–2013. Infect Ecol Epidemiol. 6:313742016.PubMed/NCBI

7 

Lu A, Wang C, Zhang X, Wang L and Qian L: Lactate dehydrogenase as a biomarker for prediction of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Respir Care. 60:1469–1475. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Yang JY, Li M, Zhang CL and Liu D: Pharmacological properties of baicalin on liver diseases: A narrative review. Pharmacol Rep. Feb 17–2021.(Epub ahead of print). View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Hu Q, Zhang W, Wu Z, Tian X, Xiang J, Li L, Li Z, Peng X, Wei S, Ma X and Zhao Y: Baicalin and the liver-gut system: Pharmacological bases explaining its therapeutic effects. Pharmacol Res. 165:1054442021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Singh S, Meena A and Luqman S: Baicalin mediated regulation of key signaling pathways in cancer. Pharmacol Res. 164:1053872021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Yu FY, Huang SG, Zhang HY, Ye H, Chi HG, Zou Y, Lv RX and Zheng XB: Effects of baicalin in CD4 + CD29 + T cell subsets of ulcerative colitis patients. World J Gastroenterol. 20:15299–15309. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Wang CZ, Zhang CF, Chen L, Anderson S, Lu F and Yuan CS: Colon cancer chemopreventive effects of baicalein, an active enteric microbiome metabolite from baicalin. Int J Oncol. 47:1749–1758. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Lee W, Ku SK and Bae JS: Anti-inflammatory effects of baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin in vitro and in vivo. Inflammation. 38:110–125. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Huang X, Mao W, Zhang T, Wang M, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang L, Yao D, Cai X and Wang L: Baicalin promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation and migration of hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by up-regulating A2a receptor via the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway. BMC Complement Altern Med. 18:3302018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Wang G, Mohammadtursun N, Lv Y, Zhang H, Sun J and Dong J: Baicalin exerts anti-airway inflammation and anti-remodelling effects in severe stage rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018:75913482018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Bai C, Li T, Sun Q, Xin Q, Xu T, Yu J, Wang Y and Wei L: Protective effect of baicalin against severe burn-induced remote acute lung injury in rats. Mol Med Rep. 17:2689–2694. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Chaudhry R, Ghosh A and Chandolia A: Pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae: An update. Indian J Med Microbiol. 34:7–16. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Martin RJ, Kraft M, Chu HW, Berns EA and Cassell GH: A link between chronic asthma and chronic infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 107:595–601. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Ramien M: Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption: Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis and other parainfectious eruptions. Clin Exp Dermatol. 46:420–429. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Jiang Z, Li S, Zhu C, Zhou R and Leung PHM: Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections: Pathogenesis and vaccine development. Pathogens. 10:1192021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Saraya T, Kurai D, Nakagaki K, Sasaki Y, Niwa S, Tsukagoshi H, Nunokawa H, Ohkuma K, Tsujimoto N, Hirao S, et al: Novel aspects on the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and therapeutic implications. Front Microbiol. 5:4102014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Yano T, Komatsu S, Araki K, Kuboshiro M, Ichikawa Y, Ohizumi K and Arai S: Role of transiently accumulated neutrophils in the lung of hamster in development of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 65:365–373. 1991.(In Japanese). View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Wang Z, Liao Y, Wang L, Lin Y, Ye Z, Zeng X, Liu X, Wei F and Yang N: Small RNA deep sequencing reveals novel miRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with IgA nephropathy. Mol Med Rep. 22:3378–3386. 2020.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Duan Q, Mao X, Xiao Y, Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhou H, Zhou Z, Cai J, Xia K, Zhu Q, et al: Super enhancers at the miR-146a and miR-155 genes contribute to self-regulation of inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1859:564–571. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Yamamoto M, Singh A, Ruan J, Gauvreau GM, O'Byrne PM, Carlsten CR, FitzGerald JM, Boulet LP and Tebbutt SJ: Decreased miR-192 expression in peripheral blood of asthmatic individuals undergoing an allergen inhalation challenge. BMC Genomics. 13:6552012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Zhou Y, Yang Q, Xu H, Zhang J, Deng H, Gao H, Yang J, Zhao D and Liu F: miRNA-221-3p enhances the secretion of interleukin-4 in mast cells through the phosphatase and tensin homolog/p38/nuclear factor-kappaB pathway. PLoS One. 11:e01488212016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Amarante-Mendes GP, Adjemian S, Branco LM, Zanetti LC, Weinlich R and Bortoluci KR: Pattern recognition receptors and the host cell death molecular machinery. Front Immunol. 9:23792018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Poddighe D: Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related hepatitis in children. Microb Pathog. 139:1038632020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Naghib M, Hatam-Jahromi M, Niktab M, Ahmadi R and Kariminik A: Mycoplasma pneumoniae and toll-like receptors: A mutual avenue. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 46:508–513. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Shimizu T: Inflammation -inducing Factors of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Front Microbiol. 7:4142016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Pal S, Ausar SF, Tifrea DF, Cheng C, Gallichan S, Sanchez V, de la Maza LM and Visan L: Protection of outbred mice against a vaginal challenge by a chlamydia trachomatis serovar E recombinant major outer membrane protein vaccine is dependent on phosphate substitution in the adjuvant. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 16:2537–2547. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Chandler CE and Ernst RK: Bacterial lipids: Powerful modifiers of the innate immune response. F1000Res. 6:F10002017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Dickson K and Lehmann C: Inflammatory response to different toxins in experimental sepsis models. Int J Mol Sci. 20:43412019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Narita M: Pathogenesis of extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with special reference to pneumonia. J Infect Chemother. 16:162–169. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Sun H, Zhang L, Shi C, Hu P, Yan W, Wang Z, Duan Q, Lu F, Qin L, Lu T, et al: TOPK is highly expressed in circulating tumor cells, enabling metastasis of prostate cancer. Oncotarget. 6:12392–12404. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Meng Y, Yang Y, Lu W, Wang Y, Qian F, Wang X, Zhang Z and Wang W: The inhibition of Platycodin D on Mycoplasma pneumoniae proliferation and its effect on promoting cell growth after anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 4:1922015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Liu Y, Miao Y, Gao X, Wang YY, Wang H, Zheng YW and Zhao ZY: MicroRNA-200a affects the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells and airway remodeling by targeting FOXC1 via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mice. Cell Physiol Biochem. 50:2365–2389. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Kita H: Eosinophils: Multifaceted biological properties and roles in health and disease. Immunol Rev. 242:161–177. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Zhang Y, Yang X, Qian J, Gu X, Zhang J, Liu J and Hu Z: Simultaneous detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgG and IgM using dual-label time resolved fluoroimmunoassay. Anal Biochem. 548:1–6. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Seo YH, Kim JS, Seo SC, Seo WH, Yoo Y, Song DJ and Choung JT: Predictive value of C-reactive protein in response to macrolides in children with macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Korean J Pediatr. 57:186–192. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Miyashita N, Obase Y, Ouchi K, Kawasaki K, Kawai Y, Kobashi Y and Oka M: Clinical features of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in adults admitted to an intensive care unit. J Med Microbiol. 56:1625–1629. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Yang M, Meng F, Wang K, Gao M, Lu R, Li M, Zhao F, Huang L, Zhang Y, Cheng G and Wang X: Interleukin 17A as a good predictor of the severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Sci Rep. 7:129342017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Wang YC, Liu JS, Tang HK, Nie J, Zhu JX, Wen LL and Guo QL: miR-221 targets HMGA2 to inhibit bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating TGF-β1/Smad3-induced EMT. Int J Mol Med. 38:1208–1216. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Perry MM, Baker JE, Gibeon DS, Adcock IM and Chung KF: Airway smooth muscle hyperproliferation is regulated by microRNA-221 in severe asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 50:7–17. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

46 

Lino Cardenas CL, Kaminski N and Kass DJ: Micromanaging microRNAs: Using murine models to study microRNAs in lung fibrosis. Drug Discov Today Dis Models. 10:e145–e151. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Zhu L, Gong X, Gong J, Xuan Y, Fu T, Ni S, Xu L and Ji N: Notoginsenoside R1 upregulates miR-221-3p expression to alleviate ox-LDL-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in HUVECs. Braz J Med Biol Res. 53:e93462020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Gu H, Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Huang T, Zhang S, Zhao D and Liu F: LncRNA MALAT1 affects Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia via NF-κB regulation. Front Cell Dev Biol. 8:5636932020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Wang CZ, Li XL, Wang QF, Mehendale SR and Yuan CS: Selective fraction of Scutellaria baicalensis and its chemopreventive effects on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 17:63–68. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Takahashi H, Chen MC, Pham H, Angst E, King JC, Park J, Brovman EY, Ishiguro H, Harris DM, Reber HA, et al: Baicalein, a component of Scutellaria baicalensis, induces apoptosis by Mcl-1 down-regulation in human pancreatic cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1813:1465–1474. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Chen LG, Hung LY, Tsai KW, Pan YS, Tsai YD, Li YZ and Liu YW: Wogonin, a bioactive flavonoid in herbal tea, inhibits inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in human lung epithelial cancer cells. Mol Nutr Food Res. 52:1349–1357. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Ku SK and Bae JS: Baicalin, baicalein and wogonin inhibits high glucose-induced vascular inflammation in vitro and in vivo. BMB Rep. 48:519–524. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Yuan H, et al: Study on inhibitory effect of baicalein on mycoplasma pneumonia and protection mechanism of pulmonary epithelial cells of mice. J Chin Phys. 919–922. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

54 

Meng Y, Huo J, Lu W, Wang X, Zhang J and Wang W: Modulation of P1 and EGF expression by baicalin. Int J Mol Sci. 14:146–157. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Waites KB: New concepts of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 36:267–278. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Rottem S: Interaction of mycoplasmas with host cells. Physiol Rev. 83:417–432. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Dimitrov DS, Franzoso G, Salman M, Blumenthal R, Tarshis M, Barile MF and Rottem S: Mycoplasma fermentans (incognitus strain) cells are able to fuse with T lymphocytes. Clin Infect Dis. 17 (Suppl 1):S305–S308. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Chan ED and Welsh CH: Fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. West J Med. 162:133–142. 1995.PubMed/NCBI

59 

Lee H, Yun KW, Lee HJ and Choi EH: Antimicrobial therapy of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 16:23–34. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Ingle PV and Patel DM: C-reactive protein in various disease condition-an overview. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 4:9–13. 2011.

61 

Dulay AT, Buhimschi IA, Zhao G, Bahtiyar MO, Thung SF, Cackovic M and Buhimschi CS: Compartmentalization of acute phase reactants interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin as biomarkers of intra-amniotic infection and chorioamnionitis. Cytokine. 76:236–243. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62 

Baumeister D, Akhtar R, Ciufolini S, Pariante CM and Mondelli V: Childhood trauma and adulthood inflammation: A meta-analysis of peripheral C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α. Mol Psychiatry. 21:642–649. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

63 

Meylan E, Tschopp J and Karin M: Intracellular pattern recognition receptors in the host response. Nature. 442:39–44. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

64 

Kolsuz M, Erginel S, Alataş O, Alataş F, Metintaş M, Uçgun I, Harmanci E and Colak O: Acute phase reactants and cytokine levels in unilateral community-acquired pneumonia. Respiration. 70:615–622. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

65 

O'Neill LA and Bowie AG: The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling. Nat Rev Immunol. 7:353–364. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

66 

Huang C, Pan L, Lin F, Dai H and Fu R: Monoclonal antibody against Toll-like receptor 4 attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury in rats by inhibiting MyD88- and NF-κB-dependent signaling. Int J Mol Med. 39:693–700. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Prakash A, Mesa KR, Wilhelmsen K, Xu F, Dodd-o JM and Hellman J: Alveolar macrophages and Toll-like receptor 4 mediate ventilated lung ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. Anesthesiology. 117:822–835. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

68 

He Z, Gao Y, Deng Y, Li W, Chen Y, Xing S, Zhao X, Ding J and Wang X: Lipopolysaccharide induces lung fibroblast proliferation through Toll-like receptor 4 signaling and the phosphoinositide3-kinase-Akt pathway. PLoS One. 7:e359262012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69 

Fuchs Y and Steller H: Programmed cell death in animal development and disease. Cell. 147:742–758. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

70 

Liu Y, Yin H, Zhao M and Lu Q: TLR2 and TLR4 in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 47:136–147. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Perkins DJ and Vogel SN: Inflammation: Species-specific TLR signalling-insight into human disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 12:198–200. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

So EY, Kim SH, Park HH, Cho BS and Lee CE: Corticosteroid inhibits IL-4 signaling through down-regulation of IL-4 receptor and STAT6 activity. FEBS Lett. 518:53–59. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang H, Li X, Wang J, Cheng Q, Shang Y and Wang G: Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 24: 571, 2021.
APA
Zhang, H., Li, X., Wang, J., Cheng, Q., Shang, Y., & Wang, G. (2021). Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports, 24, 571. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12210
MLA
Zhang, H., Li, X., Wang, J., Cheng, Q., Shang, Y., Wang, G."Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 24.2 (2021): 571.
Chicago
Zhang, H., Li, X., Wang, J., Cheng, Q., Shang, Y., Wang, G."Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 24, no. 2 (2021): 571. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12210
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang H, Li X, Wang J, Cheng Q, Shang Y and Wang G: Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 24: 571, 2021.
APA
Zhang, H., Li, X., Wang, J., Cheng, Q., Shang, Y., & Wang, G. (2021). Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports, 24, 571. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12210
MLA
Zhang, H., Li, X., Wang, J., Cheng, Q., Shang, Y., Wang, G."Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 24.2 (2021): 571.
Chicago
Zhang, H., Li, X., Wang, J., Cheng, Q., Shang, Y., Wang, G."Baicalin relieves <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 24, no. 2 (2021): 571. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12210
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team