Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
October-2021 Volume 24 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2021 Volume 24 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer

  • Authors:
    • Gang Yuan
    • Bin Chen
    • Yina Meng
    • Jialin Lu
    • Xiaojun Shi
    • Airong Hu
    • Yaoren Hu
    • Donghui Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Acute Infection, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China, Hepatology Center, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China, Institute of Hepatology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China, Department of Hepato‑Oncology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China, Institute of Hepatology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Yuan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 738
    |
    Published online on: August 20, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12378
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Chronic hepatitis B can lead to liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study aimed to investigate whether C‑X‑C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) regulates the genes in Toll‑like receptors (TLRs)/myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway in the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer in vitro. A hepatitis B virus (HBV) overexpression lentivirus was constructed and infected into a LX‑2 cell line to obtain stable HBV‑overexpressing cells (named HBV‑LX‑2 cells). The CXCR3 gene was knocked down using small interfering RNA in HBV‑LX‑2 cells. Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays, cell scratch tests and flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis, respectively. The levels of IL‑1β and IL‑6 in serum samples of patients with liver cancer were measured via ELISA, and the collagen content in liver cancer tissues was detected using Masson staining. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of proteins in the TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway. Excessive fibrosis was identified in the liver cancer tissues, and the serum levels of IL‑6 and IL‑1β were abnormally increased in patients with liver cancer. It was found that interfering with CXCR3 inhibited cell proliferation and migration, as well as promoted the apoptosis of HBV‑LX‑2 cells. Moreover, interfering with CXCR3 inhibited the expression levels of collagen type I α 1 chain and the proteins in the TLRs/MyD88 pathway. In conclusion, CXCR3 knockdown could inhibit the expression levels of proteins in the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, decrease cell proliferation and migration, and promote cell apoptosis, thus inhibiting the development of liver cirrhosis to liver cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA and Jemal A: Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 68:394–424. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

McMahon BJ: Chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Med Clin North Am. 98:39–54. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Liang CM, Chen L, Hu H, Ma HY, Gao LL, Qin J and Zhong CP: Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol. 7:1390–1402. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Tokunaga R, Zhang W, Naseem M, Puccini A, Berger MD, Soni S, McSkane M, Baba H and Lenz HJ: CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11/CXCR3 axis for immune activation-A target for novel cancer therapy. Cancer Treat Rev. 63:40–47. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Karin N: CXCR3 ligands in cancer and autoimmunity, chemoattraction of effector T cells, and beyond. Front Immunol. 11:9762020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Humblin E and Kamphorst AO: CXCR3-CXCL9: It's all in the tumor. Immunity. 50:1347–1349. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Friedl P and Alexander S: Cancer invasion and the microenvironment: Plasticity and reciprocity. Cell. 147:992–1009. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhou H, Wu J, Wang T, Zhang X and Liu D: CXCL10/CXCR3 axis promotes the invasion of gastric cancer via PI3K/AKT pathway-dependent MMPs production. Biomed Pharmacother. 82:479–488. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Kohlmeier JE, Cookenham T, Miller SC, Roberts AD, Christensen JP, Thomsen AR and Woodland DL: CXCR3 directs antigen-specific effector CD4+ T cell migration to the lung during parainfluenza virus infection. J Immunol. 183:4378–4384. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Marshall A, Celentano A, Cirillo N, McCullough M and Porter S: Tissue-specific regulation of CXCL9/10/11 chemokines in keratinocytes: Implications for oral inflammatory disease. PLoS One. 12:e01728212017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Abron JD, Singh NP, Murphy AE, Mishra MK, Price RL, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS and Singh UP: Differential role of CXCR3 in inflammation and colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 9:17928–17936. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Zhang Y, Xu L and Peng M: CXCR3 is a prognostic marker and a potential target for patients with solid tumors: A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther. 11:1045–1054. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Villarrubia VG, Alvarez-Mon M, Chirigos MA and Herrerías JM: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the inflammatory/immune response. I. The natural environment of the antigen presentation and immunologic chaos induced by the virus. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 89:919–928. 1997.(In Spanish). PubMed/NCBI

14 

Fisicaro P, Valdatta C, Boni C, Massari M, Mori C, Zerbini A, Orlandini A, Sacchelli L, Missale G and Ferrari C: Early kinetics of innate and adaptive immune responses during hepatitis B virus infection. Gut. 58:974–982. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM and Arababadi MK: Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection. Mol Immunol. 90:64–73. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Gao D and Li W: Structures and recognition modes of toll-like receptors. Proteins. 85:3–9. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Takeda K and Akira S: TLR signaling pathways. Semin Immunol. 16:3–9. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Firmal P, Shah VK and Chattopadhyay S: Insight Into TLR4-mediated immunomodulation in normal pregnancy and related disorders. Front Immunol. 11:8072020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Mylona EE, Mouktaroudi M, Crisan TO, Makri S, Pistiki A, Georgitsi M, Savva A, Netea MG, van der Meer JW, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ and Joosten LA: Enhanced interleukin-1β production of PBMCs from patients with gout after stimulation with toll-like receptor-2 ligands and urate crystals. Arthritis Res Ther. 14:R1582012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Guo H, Jiang D, Ma D, Chang J, Dougherty AM, Cuconati A, Block TM and Guo JT: Activation of pattern recognition receptor-mediated innate immunity inhibits the replication of hepatitis B virus in human hepatocyte-derived cells. J Virol. 83:847–858. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Hösel M, Quasdorff M, Wiegmann K, Webb D, Zedler U, Broxtermann M, Tedjokusumo R, Esser K, Arzberger S, Kirschning CJ, et al: Not interferon, but interleukin-6 controls early gene expression in hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology. 50:1773–1782. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Xu Y, Köck J, Lu Y, Yang D, Lu M and Zhao X: Suppression of hepatitis B virus replication in Tupaia hepatocytes by tumor necrosis factor alpha of Tupaia belangeri. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 34:361–368. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Gupta P and Barthwal MK: IL-1 β genesis: The art of regulating the regulator. Cell Mol Immunol. 15:998–1000. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Mitroulis I, Kambas K and Ritis K: Neutrophils, IL-1β, and gout: Is there a link? Semin Immunopathol. 35:501–512. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Elia G and Fallahi P: Hepatocellular carcinoma and CXCR3 chemokines: A narrative review. Clin Ter. 168:e37–e41. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

26 

Xu HZ, Liu YP, Guleng B and Ren JL: Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: Pathogenic mechanisms and novel therapeutic interventions. Gastrointest Tumors. 1:135–145. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Zare-Bidaki M, Tsukiyama-Kohara K and Arababadi MK: Toll-like receptor 4 and hepatitis B infection: Molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis. Viral Immunol. 27:321–326. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, Schwartz LH, Sargent D, Ford R, Dancey J, Arbuck S, Gwyther S, Mooney M, et al: New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: Revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 45:228–247. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Brenner DA, Waterboer T, Choi SK, Lindquist JN, Stefanovic B, Burchardt E, Yamauchi M, Gillan A and Rippe RA: New aspects of hepatic fibrosis. J Hepatol. 32 (Suppl 1):S32–S38. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Zhou YQ, Liu DQ, Chen SP, Sun J, Zhou XR, Xing C, Ye DW and Tian YK: The role of CXCR3 in neurological diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol. 17:142–150. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Li Z, Liu J, Li L, Shao S, Wu J, Bian L and He Y: Epithelial mesenchymal transition induced by the CXCL9/CXCR3 axis through AKT activation promotes invasion and metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep. 39:1356–1368. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

33 

Papatheodoridis GV, Chan HL, Hansen BE, Janssen HL and Lampertico P: Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B: Assessment and modification with current antiviral therapy. J Hepatol. 62:956–967. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Zeng Z, Li L, Chen Y, Wei H, Sun R and Tian Z: Interferon-γ facilitates hepatic antiviral T cell retention for the maintenance of liver-induced systemic tolerance. J Exp Med. 213:1079–1093. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Benigni G, Dimitrova P, Antonangeli F, Sanseviero E, Milanova V, Blom A, van Lent P, Morrone S, Santoni A and Bernardin G: CXCR3/CXCL10 axis regulates neutrophil-NK cell cross-talk determining the severity of experimental osteoarthritis. J Immunol. 198:2115–2124. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Masopust D, Vezys V, Marzo AL and Lefrançois L: Preferential localization of effector memory cells in nonlymphoid tissue. Science. 291:2413–2417. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Rébé C and Ghiringhelli F: Interleukin-1β and cancer. Cancers (Basel). 12:17912020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Walsh JG, Muruve DA and Power C: Inflammasomes in the CNS. Nat Rev Neurosci. 15:84–97. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Dinarello CA: Immunological and inflammatory functions of the interleukin-1 family. Ann Rev Immunol. 27:519–550. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Li AQ, Si JM, Shang Y, Gan LH, Guo L and Zhou TH: Construction of COL1A1 short hairpin RNA vector and its effect on cell proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 39:257–263. 2010.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

41 

Sun H: Identification of key genes associated with gastric cancer based on DNA microarray data. Oncol Lett. 11:525–530. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Liu S, Liao G and Li G: Regulatory effects of COL1A1 on apoptosis induced by radiation in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int. 17:732017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Ambrosini G, Adida C and Altieri DC: A novel anti-apoptosis gene, survivin, expressed in cancer and lymphoma. Nat Med. 3:917–921. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Gunaldi M, Isiksacan N, Kocoglu H, Okuturlar Y, Gunaldi O, Topcu TO and Karabulut M: The value of serum survivin level in early diagnosis of cancer. J Cancer Res Ther. 14:570–573. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Wheatley SP and Altieri DC: Survivin at a glance. J Cell Sci. 132:jcs2238262019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Li F, Aljahdali I and Ling X: Cancer therapeutics using survivin BIRC5 as a target: What can we do after over two decades of study? J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 38:3682019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yuan G, Chen B, Meng Y, Lu J, Shi X, Hu A, Hu Y and Wang D: Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Mol Med Rep 24: 738, 2021.
APA
Yuan, G., Chen, B., Meng, Y., Lu, J., Shi, X., Hu, A. ... Wang, D. (2021). Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Molecular Medicine Reports, 24, 738. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12378
MLA
Yuan, G., Chen, B., Meng, Y., Lu, J., Shi, X., Hu, A., Hu, Y., Wang, D."Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer". Molecular Medicine Reports 24.4 (2021): 738.
Chicago
Yuan, G., Chen, B., Meng, Y., Lu, J., Shi, X., Hu, A., Hu, Y., Wang, D."Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer". Molecular Medicine Reports 24, no. 4 (2021): 738. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12378
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yuan G, Chen B, Meng Y, Lu J, Shi X, Hu A, Hu Y and Wang D: Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Mol Med Rep 24: 738, 2021.
APA
Yuan, G., Chen, B., Meng, Y., Lu, J., Shi, X., Hu, A. ... Wang, D. (2021). Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Molecular Medicine Reports, 24, 738. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12378
MLA
Yuan, G., Chen, B., Meng, Y., Lu, J., Shi, X., Hu, A., Hu, Y., Wang, D."Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer". Molecular Medicine Reports 24.4 (2021): 738.
Chicago
Yuan, G., Chen, B., Meng, Y., Lu, J., Shi, X., Hu, A., Hu, Y., Wang, D."Role of the CXCR3‑mediated TLRs/MyD88 signaling pathway in promoting the development of hepatitis B into cirrhosis and liver cancer". Molecular Medicine Reports 24, no. 4 (2021): 738. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12378
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team