DNA barcode to trace the development and differentiation of cord blood stem cells (Review)

Wang,Mo-Yu; Zhou,Yang; Lai,Guang-Shun; Huang,Qi; Cai,Wen-Qi; Han,Zi-Wen; Wang,Yingying; Ma,Zhaowu; Wang,Xian-Wang; Xiang,Ying; Fang,Shu-Xian; Peng,Xiao-Chun; Xin,Hong-Wu

doi:10.3892/mmr.2021.12489

DNA barcode to trace the development and differentiation of cord blood stem cells (Review)

Authors:
- Mo-Yu Wang
- Yang Zhou
- Guang-Shun Lai
- Qi Huang
- Wen-Qi Cai
- Zi-Wen Han
- Yingying Wang
- Zhaowu Ma
- Xian-Wang Wang
- Ying Xiang
- Shu-Xian Fang
- Xiao-Chun Peng
- Hong-Wu Xin
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Affiliations: Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China, Department of Digestive Medicine, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, P.R. China, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
Published online on: October 12, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12489
Article Number: 849
Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Umbilical cord blood transplantation was first reported in 1980. Since then, additional research has indicated that umbilical cord blood stem cells (UCBSCs) have various advantages, such as multi‑lineage differentiation potential and potent renewal activity, which may be induced to promote their differentiation into a variety of seed cells for tissue engineering and the treatment of clinical and metabolic diseases. Recent studies suggested that UCBSCs are able to differentiate into nerve cells, chondrocytes, hepatocyte‑like cells, fat cells and osteoblasts. The culture of UCBSCs has developed from feeder‑layer to feeder‑free culture systems. The classical techniques of cell labeling and tracing by gene transfection and fluorescent dye and nucleic acid analogs have evolved to DNA barcode technology mediated by transposon/retrovirus, cyclization recombination‑recombinase and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‑associated protein 9 strategies. DNA barcoding for cell development tracing has advanced to include single cells and single nucleic acid mutations. In the present study, the latest research findings on the development and differentiation, culture techniques and labeling and tracing of UCBSCs are reviewed. The present study may increase the current understanding of UCBSC biology and its clinical applications.

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