Open Access

Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates learning and memory impairments and Aβ disposition through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and autophagy dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice

  • Authors:
    • Xuewang Li
    • Lei Huang
    • Liangliang Kong
    • Yong Su
    • Huimin Zhou
    • Pengmin Ji
    • Ran Sun
    • Chao Wang
    • Weiping Li
    • Weizu Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 9, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2022.12893
  • Article Number: 6
  • Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. Amyloid β (Aβ) deposition is considered an important pathological feature of AD. Growing evidence has linked neuroinflammation and autophagy to Aβ deposition in the progression of AD. However, there are few drug options for inhibiting neuroinflammation and autophagy to prevent AD. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), a steroidal saponin extracted from ginseng, has been reported to possess multiple neuroprotective effects. The present study aimed to evaluate whether Rg1 treatment could attenuate cognitive disorders and neuronal injuries by inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and autophagy dysfunction in an AD model of APP/PS1 mice. The results of behavioral tests indicated that Rg1 treatment for 12 weeks could significantly improve olfactory dysfunction as well as learning and memory impairments. The results of histopathological tests indicated that Rg1 treatment could reduce Aβ deposition and neuronal damages in APP/PS1‑9M mice. Additionally, the results of immunoblot, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR or immunohistochemistry demonstrated that Rg1 treatment significantly downregulated the expression levels of inflammation‑related proteins of NLRP1, caspase1, IL‑1β and TNF‑α, as well as autophagy‑related proteins of p‑AMPK/AMPK, Beclin1 and LC3 II/LC3 I, and increased the expression levels of p‑mTOR/mTOR and P62 in APP/PS1‑9M mice. In addition, the molecular docking analysis showed that there was favorable binding result between Rg1 and NLRP1. The present study suggested that Rg1 may alleviate learning and memory impairments and Aβ disposition by inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and improving autophagy dysfunction, suggesting that Rg1 may be a potential therapeutic agent for delaying AD.
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January-2023
Volume 27 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Li X, Huang L, Kong L, Su Y, Zhou H, Ji P, Sun R, Wang C, Li W, Li W, Li W, et al: Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates learning and memory impairments and Aβ disposition through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and autophagy dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice. Mol Med Rep 27: 6, 2023
APA
Li, X., Huang, L., Kong, L., Su, Y., Zhou, H., Ji, P. ... Li, W. (2023). Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates learning and memory impairments and Aβ disposition through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and autophagy dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 27, 6. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2022.12893
MLA
Li, X., Huang, L., Kong, L., Su, Y., Zhou, H., Ji, P., Sun, R., Wang, C., Li, W., Li, W."Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates learning and memory impairments and Aβ disposition through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and autophagy dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 27.1 (2023): 6.
Chicago
Li, X., Huang, L., Kong, L., Su, Y., Zhou, H., Ji, P., Sun, R., Wang, C., Li, W., Li, W."Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates learning and memory impairments and Aβ disposition through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and autophagy dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice". Molecular Medicine Reports 27, no. 1 (2023): 6. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2022.12893