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Article Open Access

Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy

  • Authors:
    • Bo Li
    • Xu Zhao
    • Liming Ma
    • Xiaoying Wang
    • Yan Ding
    • Yi Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 211
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    Published online on: May 26, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13576
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Abstract

The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains incompletely understood. The present study employed weighted gene co‑expression network analysis to analyze the DCM transcriptome dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify genes associated with this disease. Subsequently, both internal and external validation of the expression of the characterized genes was performed using additional GEO datasets. Key DCM genes were validated at both the in vitro and in vivo levels by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, IHC). Furthermore, the mechanisms of gene and metabolite co‑expression in DCM were investigated through transcriptome sequencing of cells overexpressing disease‑associated genes, combined with quantitative measurements of metabolites. Notably, hexokinase 2 (HK2) was downregulated in both DCM cell and db/db mouse models. Low expression of HK2 was implicated in the disruption of organic acids and their derivatives, as well as the receptor for advanced glycation end‑products pathway.
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Li B, Zhao X, Ma L, Wang X, Ding Y and Zhang Y: Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Mol Med Rep 32: 211, 2025.
APA
Li, B., Zhao, X., Ma, L., Wang, X., Ding, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2025). Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Molecular Medicine Reports, 32, 211. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13576
MLA
Li, B., Zhao, X., Ma, L., Wang, X., Ding, Y., Zhang, Y."Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy". Molecular Medicine Reports 32.2 (2025): 211.
Chicago
Li, B., Zhao, X., Ma, L., Wang, X., Ding, Y., Zhang, Y."Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy". Molecular Medicine Reports 32, no. 2 (2025): 211. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13576
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Spandidos Publications style
Li B, Zhao X, Ma L, Wang X, Ding Y and Zhang Y: Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Mol Med Rep 32: 211, 2025.
APA
Li, B., Zhao, X., Ma, L., Wang, X., Ding, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2025). Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Molecular Medicine Reports, 32, 211. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13576
MLA
Li, B., Zhao, X., Ma, L., Wang, X., Ding, Y., Zhang, Y."Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy". Molecular Medicine Reports 32.2 (2025): 211.
Chicago
Li, B., Zhao, X., Ma, L., Wang, X., Ding, Y., Zhang, Y."Mechanistic exploration of hexokinase 2 and metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy". Molecular Medicine Reports 32, no. 2 (2025): 211. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13576
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