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Review Open Access

Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Yubo Gong
    • Zhenqi Han
    • Siyi Wang
    • Xuefeng Li
    • Xinhua Chen
    • Bo Yang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Acupuncture Massage, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P.R. China, Endoscopy Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Gong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 241
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    Published online on: July 3, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13606
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Abstract

Inflammatory caspases pro‑inflammatory cytokines, such as IL‑1β IL‑18, constitute a critical part in the modulation of innate immune responses by the nucleotide‑binding domain leucine‑rich repeat protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome. The NLRP3 inflammasome, a cytosolic complex, is composed of three distinct classes of proteins‑sensor complexes, adaptor proteins, cysteine proteases. It is well‑established that this pathway can powerfully influence the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases along with an association of a plethora of inflammatory conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to elucidate the mechanisms through which NLRP3 participates in disease development functions as a potential target for pharmacological intervention. The present review discussed the function role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory bowel disease and described the structure assembly and activation mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, it explored novel clinical viewpoints and therapeutic advances in targeted NLRP3 inflammasome therapy. In conclusion, the present review offered a comprehensive overview of inflammatory bowel disease and the NLRP3 inflammasome. It is expected to serve as a guide for future research, potentially leading to improved patient outcomes. The present review has been submitted as a pre‑print (https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4962722).
View Figures

Figure 1

Representative colonoscopy image of
Crohn's disease.

Figure 2

Representative colonoscopy image of
ulcerative colitis.

Figure 3

Non-canonical and canonical NLRP3
inflammasome. NLRP3, nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat
protein 3; PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns; DAMPs,
damage-associated molecular patterns; Nek7, NIMA-related kinase 7;
ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD;
LPS, lipopolysaccharide; ATP, adenosine triphosphate.

Figure 4

Alternative activation pathways.
NLRP3, nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat protein 3;
PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns; DAMPs,
damage-associated molecular patterns; Nek7, NIMA-related kinase 7;
ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD;
LPS, lipopolysaccharide; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; NF-κB,
nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; ROS,
reactive oxygen species; N-GSDMD, N-terminal domain of GSDMD;
GSDMD, Gasdermin D.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Gong Y, Han Z, Wang S, Li X, Chen X and Yang B: Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review). Mol Med Rep 32: 241, 2025.
APA
Gong, Y., Han, Z., Wang, S., Li, X., Chen, X., & Yang, B. (2025). Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 32, 241. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13606
MLA
Gong, Y., Han, Z., Wang, S., Li, X., Chen, X., Yang, B."Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 32.3 (2025): 241.
Chicago
Gong, Y., Han, Z., Wang, S., Li, X., Chen, X., Yang, B."Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 32, no. 3 (2025): 241. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13606
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Gong Y, Han Z, Wang S, Li X, Chen X and Yang B: Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review). Mol Med Rep 32: 241, 2025.
APA
Gong, Y., Han, Z., Wang, S., Li, X., Chen, X., & Yang, B. (2025). Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 32, 241. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13606
MLA
Gong, Y., Han, Z., Wang, S., Li, X., Chen, X., Yang, B."Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 32.3 (2025): 241.
Chicago
Gong, Y., Han, Z., Wang, S., Li, X., Chen, X., Yang, B."Progress in targeting the NLRP3 signaling pathway for inflammatory bowel disease (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 32, no. 3 (2025): 241. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13606
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