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Molecular Medicine Reports
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Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
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June-2026 Volume 33 Issue 6

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Article Open Access

Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Beomwoo Lee
    • Changgyu Son
    • Sunho Eom
    • Yuwen Li
    • Seon-Hwan Kim
    • Jongsun Park

  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Lee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 159
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    Published online on: March 30, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13869
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Abstract

RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is an essential eukaryotic enzyme that transcribes protein‑coding genes and various non‑coding RNAs. RNA polymerase II, I and III subunit L (POLR2L) is a highly conserved component shared by RNA polymerase subunits I, II, and III, which contributes to transcriptional regulation, enzymatic structural integrity, key cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and stress responses. Recent research has shown that POLR2L is not merely a Pol II structural subunit but also plays key roles in disease progression, particularly cancer, where POLR2L dysregulation contributes to tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Additionally, POLR2L is closely linked to major signaling pathways including the PI3K‑Akt, Wnt/β‑catenin, and TGF‑β pathways, highlighting the diverse roles played by POLR2L in cellular signaling. This review summarizes current knowledge on the structural and functional properties of POLR2L, its involvement in various diseases, and its potential as a therapeutic target. By outlining the diagnostic and therapeutic relevance of POLR2L, this review aims to provide a framework for understanding how POLR2L related research may inform transcriptional regulation and its impact on human health and disease. 

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Lee B, Son C, Eom S, Li Y, Kim S and Park J: Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review). Mol Med Rep 33: 159, 2026.
APA
Lee, B., Son, C., Eom, S., Li, Y., Kim, S., & Park, J. (2026). Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 33, 159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13869
MLA
Lee, B., Son, C., Eom, S., Li, Y., Kim, S., Park, J."Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33.6 (2026): 159.
Chicago
Lee, B., Son, C., Eom, S., Li, Y., Kim, S., Park, J."Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33, no. 6 (2026): 159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13869
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Lee B, Son C, Eom S, Li Y, Kim S and Park J: Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review). Mol Med Rep 33: 159, 2026.
APA
Lee, B., Son, C., Eom, S., Li, Y., Kim, S., & Park, J. (2026). Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 33, 159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13869
MLA
Lee, B., Son, C., Eom, S., Li, Y., Kim, S., Park, J."Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33.6 (2026): 159.
Chicago
Lee, B., Son, C., Eom, S., Li, Y., Kim, S., Park, J."Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33, no. 6 (2026): 159. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13869
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