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Review Open Access

Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Wenyao Zhang
    • Jinying Chen
    • Jingxiang Zhong
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China, Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 213
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    Published online on: May 29, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13923
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Abstract

N6‑Methyladenosine (m6A) modification, the most abundant internal chemical modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA, plays a central role in gene expression by dynamically regulating RNA metabolism. The present review systematically summarizes the regulatory mechanisms and pathological significance of m6A modification in major retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, age‑related macular degeneration, retinoblastoma, uveitis and retinitis pigmentosa. Studies indicate that m6A methyltransferases (METTL3), demethylases (FTO and ALKBH5) and reader proteins (the YTH domain‑containing family of proteins) participate in pathological processes such as angiogenesis, inflammatory responses, pyroptosis and photoreceptor degeneration by modulating the stability, translation efficiency and degradation of key gene mRNAs. Furthermore, this review explores the therapeutic potential of targeting m6A‑modifying enzymes (for example, small‑molecule inhibitors STM2457 and FB23‑2) and highlights challenges in tissue specificity, delivery systems and clinical translation. Future research should integrate multi‑omics technologies and precision intervention strategies to advance the application of m6A modification in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang W, Chen J and Zhong J: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 34: 213, 2026.
APA
Zhang, W., Chen, J., & Zhong, J. (2026). Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 34, 213. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13923
MLA
Zhang, W., Chen, J., Zhong, J."Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34.1 (2026): 213.
Chicago
Zhang, W., Chen, J., Zhong, J."Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34, no. 1 (2026): 213. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13923
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang W, Chen J and Zhong J: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 34: 213, 2026.
APA
Zhang, W., Chen, J., & Zhong, J. (2026). Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 34, 213. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13923
MLA
Zhang, W., Chen, J., Zhong, J."Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34.1 (2026): 213.
Chicago
Zhang, W., Chen, J., Zhong, J."Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34, no. 1 (2026): 213. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13923
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