Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
October-2026 Volume 34 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2026 Volume 34 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review Open Access

Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Ziqiang Chen
    • Yunhe Wang
    • Yijing Li
    • Gang Cong
    • Yunhang Chu
    • Yunhui Bai
    • Yishuo Zhang
    • Liya Zhou
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P.R. China, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P.R. China, Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Songyuan Jilin Oilfield Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 138099, P.R. China, College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 273
    |
    Published online on: August 5, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13984
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:


Abstract

Acute liver injury (ALI) is a clinically important syndrome with limited mechanism‑based therapies. Notably, mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a central driver of hepatocellular damage and repair failure. The present narrative review aims to summarize the current evidence on mitochondrial quality control (MQC) in ALI, with an emphasis on mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, etiology‑specific regulation and therapeutic implications. For the present review, relevant experimental and translational studies addressing MQC‑related mechanisms and interventions in major forms of ALI, including drug‑induced liver injury, ischemia‑reperfusion injury and viral ALI, were reviewed and integrated. The findings indicated that MQC operates as an interconnected network rather than as isolated pathways. Mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis are temporally coordinated to remove damaged mitochondria, remodel mitochondrial networks and restore bioenergetic capacity. However, MQC responses differ across ALI etiologies, and inappropriate or excessive activation may become maladaptive. In conclusion, understanding MQC as a dynamic and context‑dependent repair system may provide a conceptual basis for precision interventions in ALI. Future studies should clarify spatiotemporal MQC regulation, establish reliable biomarkers and validate MQC‑targeted therapies in clinically relevant settings.
View Figures

Figure 1

Core framework of MQC in ALI. MQC is
an integrated repair network that occurs in hepatocytes during ALI.
Three major MQC modules are illustrated in the figure: Mitophagy,
mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis. Mitophagy
primarily acts as an early clearance response by removing damaged
mitochondria characterized by reduced ΔΨm and increased ROS. This
process may be mediated by the ubiquitin-dependent PINK1-Parkin
pathway or by receptor-mediated mitophagy involving BNIP3, NIX and
FUNDC1. Mitochondrial dynamics represent the remodeling component
of MQC. DRP1-mediated fission facilitates the fragmentation and
segregation of damaged mitochondrial segments, whereas
MFN1/2-OPA1-mediated fusion contributes to mitochondrial network
repair and functional complementation. Mitochondrial biogenesis
functions as a mid-to-late regenerative response and replenishes
mitochondrial mass through the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α-NRF1/2-TFAM axis,
which promotes mtDNA replication/transcription and the formation of
new mitochondria. AMPK-SIRT1 and NRF2 are representative energy-
and redox-sensing regulators that coordinate MQC responses.
Collectively, these processes form a temporally organized MQC
sequence in ALI: Clearance, remodeling and regeneration. ΔΨm,
mitochondrial membrane potential; ALI, acute liver injury; AMPK,
AMP-activated protein kinase; BNIP3, BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa
interacting protein 3; DRP1, dynamin-related protein 1; ER,
endoplasmic reticulum; FUNDC1, FUN14 domain containing 1; MFN,
mitofusin; MQC, mitochondrial quality control; mtDNA, mitochondrial
DNA; NIX/ BNIP3L, BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein
3-like; NRF, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor; OPA1, optic
atrophy 1; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
coactivator 1α; PINK1, PTEN-induced kinase 1; ROS, reactive oxygen
species; SIRT1, sirtuin 1; TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor
A.

Figure 2

Etiology-dependent patterns of MQC in
ALI. This schematic diagram summarizes the etiology-dependent MQC
response patterns in three representative forms of ALI: DILI, IRI
and viral acute liver injury. In DILI, drug metabolites, such as
APAP-derived NAPQI, induce mitochondrial toxicity and the
accumulation of ROS. NRF2-mediated redox response represents a
major regulatory context, accompanied by early
PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, mid-stage mitochondrial fission
with suppressed fusion, and late PGC-1α-associated mitochondrial
biogenesis. Mitophagy in DILI is context-dependent; balanced
activation may support mitochondrial clearance and hepatocyte
protection, whereas excessive or prolonged activation may aggravate
mitochondrial depletion and energy failure. In IRI,
ischemia-induced ATP depletion, followed by a
reperfusion-associated ROS burst, activates AMPK-SIRT1-mediated
energy sensing. DRP1-dependent fission, BNIP3/FUNDC1-associated
mitophagy and PGC-1α-driven mitochondrial biogenesis are
sequentially engaged, and efficient fission-mitophagy coupling
supports mitochondrial recovery. In acute viral liver injury, the
illustrated pattern is a representative mechanism rather than a
universal response across all viral etiologies. Viral mitochondrial
interference and immune oxidative stress promote early
PINK1-Parkin-associated mitophagy and innate immune crosstalk
involving cGAS-STING. However, fusion suppression, reduced MFN1/2
activity and TFAM-related impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis
may prevent completion of the clearance-remodeling-regeneration
repair sequence. Candidate intervention targets shown in the figure
include NRF2, PINK1-Parkin and PGC-1α in DILI; AMPK-SIRT1, DRP1,
BNIP3-FUNDC1 and PGC-1α in IRI; and cGAS-STING, TFAM and PGC-1α in
viral acute liver injury. APAP, acetaminophen; ALI, acute liver
injury; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; BNIP3, BCL2/adenovirus
E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3; cGAS, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase;
DILI, drug-induced liver injury; DRP1, dynamin-related protein 1;
FUNDC1, FUN14 domain containing 1; IRI, ischemia-reperfusion
injury; MFN, mitofusin; MQC, mitochondrial quality control; NAPQI,
N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine; NRF, nuclear factor erythroid
2-related factor; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated
receptor γ coactivator 1α; PINK1, PTEN-induced kinase 1; ROS,
reactive oxygen species; SIRT1, sirtuin 1; STING, stimulator of
interferon genes; TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor A.
View References

1 

Khanam A and Kottilil S: Abnormal innate immunity in acute-on-chronic liver failure: immunotargets for therapeutics. Front Immunol. 11:20132020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Larsen FS and Saliba F: Liver support systems and liver transplantation in acute liver failure. Liver Int. 45:e156332025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Pollok JM, Tinguely P, Berenguer M, Niemann CU, Raptis DA and Spiro M; ERAS4OLT.org collaborative, : Enhanced recovery for liver transplantation: Recommendations from the 2022 international liver transplantation society consensus conference. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 8:81–94. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Jaeschke H and Ramachandran A: Central mechanisms of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity: Mitochondrial dysfunction by protein adducts and oxidant stress. Drug Metab Dispos. 52:712–721. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Du K, Farhood A and Jaeschke H: Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-Tempo protects against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol. 91:761–773. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Du K, Ramachandran A, McGill MR, Mansouri A, Asselah T, Farhood A, Woolbright BL, Ding WX and Jaeschke H: Induction of mitochondrial biogenesis protects against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol. 108:339–350. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Li YF, Xie ZF, Song Q and Li JY: Mitochondria homeostasis: Biology and involvement in hepatic steatosis to NASH. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 43:1141–1155. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

LeFort KR, Rungratanawanich W and Song BJ: Contributing roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatocyte apoptosis in liver diseases through oxidative stress, post-translational modifications, inflammation, and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Cell Mol Life Sci. 81:342024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Ding Q, Qi Y and Tsang SY: Mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy in the maturation of cardiomyocytes. Cells. 10:24632021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Tang C, Cai J, Yin XM, Weinberg JM, Venkatachalam MA and Dong Z: Mitochondrial quality control in kidney injury and repair. Nat Rev Nephrol. 17:299–318. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Liao X, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Qu X and Zhou G: Bidirectional regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome and mitochondrial quality control in sepsis: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Mediators Inflamm. 2026:31686692026. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Liu BH, Xu CZ, Liu Y, Lu ZL, Fu TL, Li GR, Deng Y, Luo GQ, Ding S, Li N and Geng Q: Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease. Mil Med Res. 11:322024.PubMed/NCBI

13 

Ma X, McKeen T, Zhang J and Ding WX: Role and mechanisms of mitophagy in liver diseases. Cells. 9:8372020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Li W, Gui Y, Guo C, Huang Y, Liu Y, Yu X, Zhang H, Wang J, Liu R, Mahaman YAR, et al: Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control. Transl Neurodegener. 14:452025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Wu Y, Luo H, Pan Z, Chen W and Bi L: Bidirectional crosstalk between ER stress and lipid metabolism: From proteostasis to tumor adaptation. Cell Death Discov. 12:372025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Romanelli S and Trempe JF: Stressful situations: Molecular insights on mitochondrial quality control pathways. J Biol Chem. 301:1104832025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Xu X, Pang Y and Fan X: Mitochondria in oxidative stress, inflammation and aging: From mechanisms to therapeutic advances. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 10:1902025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Shi J, Yu Y, Yuan H, Li Y and Xue Y: Mitochondrial dysfunction in AMI: Mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives. J Transl Med. 23:4182025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Chatzinikita E, Maridaki M, Palikaras K, Koutsilieris M and Philippou A: The role of mitophagy in skeletal muscle damage and regeneration. Cells. 12:7162023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Liu C, He W and Zhang J: Exercise regulates mitophagy to alleviate parkinsonian neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci. 17:16784602025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Iorio R, Celenza G and Petricca S: Mitophagy: Molecular mechanisms, new concepts on parkin activation and the emerging role of AMPK/ULK1 axis. Cells. 11:302021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Vizziello M, Borellini L, Franco G and Ardolino G: Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis: The role of PINK1 in Parkinson's disease. Cells. 10:30222021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Marinković M and Novak I: A brief overview of BNIP3L/NIX receptor-mediated mitophagy. FEBS Open Bio. 11:3230–3236. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Li Y, Zheng W, Lu Y, Zheng Y, Pan L, Wu X, Yuan Y, Shen Z, Ma S, Zhang X, et al: BNIP3L/NIX-mediated mitophagy: Molecular mechanisms and implications for human disease. Cell Death Dis. 13:142021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Tian S, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhang H, Lu Q, Zhao Y and Fan H: Double-edged mitophagy: Balancing inflammation and resolution in lung disease. Clin Sci (Lond). 139:1047–1072. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Li A, Gao M, Liu B, Qin Y, Chen L, Liu H, Wu H and Gong G: Mitochondrial autophagy: Molecular mechanisms and implications for cardiovascular disease. Cell Death Dis. 13:4442022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Markaki M, Tsagkari D and Tavernarakis N: Mitophagy mechanisms in neuronal physiology and pathology during ageing. Biophys Rev. 13:955–965. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Wang H, Luo W, Chen H, Cai Z and Xu G: Mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial autophagy: Molecular structure, orchestrating mechanism and related disorders. Mitochondrion. 75:1018472024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Zhang H, Yan J, Xie D, Zhu X, Nie G, Zhang H and Li X: Selenium restored mitophagic flux to alleviate cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting excessive GPER1-mediated mitophagy activation. J Hazard Mater. 475:1348552024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Wang L, Zhou X and Lu T: Role of mitochondria in physiological activities, diseases, and therapy. Mol Biomed. 6:422025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Prasun P, Ginevic I and Oishi K: Mitochondrial dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol related liver disease. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 6:42021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Abu Shelbayeh O, Arroum T, Morris S and Busch KB: PGC-1α is a master regulator of mitochondrial lifecycle and ROS stress response. Antioxidants (Basel). 12:10752023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Gureev AP, Shaforostova EA and Popov VN: Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis as a way for active longevity: Interaction between the Nrf2 and PGC-1α signaling pathways. Front Genet. 10:4352019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Ma L, Wang R, Wang H, Zhang Y and Zhao Z: Long-term caloric restriction activates the myocardial SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in C57BL/6J male mice. Food Nutr Res. 64:10.29219/fnr.v64.3668. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Liu L, Li Y, Chen G and Chen Q: Crosstalk between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. J Biomed Sci. 30:862023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Hyatt JPK, Lu EJ and McCall GE: Temporal expression of mitochondrial life cycle markers during acute and chronic overload of rat plantaris muscles. Front Physiol. 15:14202762024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Deretic V and Kroemer G: Autophagy in metabolism and quality control: Opposing, complementary or interlinked functions? Autophagy. 18:283–292. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Kozhukhar N and Alexeyev MF: Limited predictive value of TFAM in mitochondrial biogenesis. Mitochondrion. 49:156–165. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Popov LD: Mitochondrial biogenesis: An update. J Cell Mol Med. 24:4892–4899. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Chen W, Zhao H and Li Y: Mitochondrial dynamics in health and disease: Mechanisms and potential targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 8:3332023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Furukawa K, Maruyama T, Sakai Y, Yamashita SI, Inoue K, Fukuda T, Noda NN and Kanki T: Mitochondrial fission during mitophagy requires both inner and outer mitofissins. EMBO Rep. 27:853–872. 2026. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Zanfardino P, Amati A, Perrone M and Petruzzella V: The balance of MFN2 and OPA1 in mitochondrial dynamics, cellular homeostasis, and disease. Biomolecules. 15:4332025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Chen P, Yao L, Yuan M, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Jiang Y and Li L: Mitochondrial dysfunction: A promising therapeutic target for liver diseases. Genes Dis. 11:1011152023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Zong Y, Li H, Liao P, Chen L, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Zhang C, Liu D, Zheng M and Gao J: Mitochondrial dysfunction: Mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 9:1242024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Ye L, Fu X and Li Q: Mitochondrial quality control in health and disease. MedComm (2020). 6:e703192025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Liu S, Wang L, Zhu L, Zhao T, Han P, Yan F, Wang X, Li C, Wang Z and Yang BF: Mechanism and regulation of mitophagy in liver diseases: A review. Front Cell Dev Biol. 13:16149402025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Ramachandran A, Umbaugh DS and Jaeschke H: Mitochondrial dynamics in drug-induced liver injury. Livers. 1:102–115. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Rahman FA and Quadrilatero J: Mitochondrial network remodeling: An important feature of myogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci. 78:4653–4675. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Chen J, Liu B, Yao X, Yang X, Sun J, Yi J, Xue F, Zhang J, Shen Y, Chen B and Sun H: AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway: Molecular mechanisms and targeted strategies from energy homeostasis regulation to disease therapy. CNS Neurosci Ther. 31:e706572025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Saso L, Ates I, Tunc R, Yilmaz B, Gallorini M, Carradori S and Suzen S: Modulation of Nrf2 and mitochondrial function: Pharmacological implications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 18:16982025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Kim KH and Lee CB: Socialized mitochondria: Mitonuclear crosstalk in stress. Exp Mol Med. 56:1033–1042. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Li J, Liu W, Zhang J and Sun C: The role of mitochondrial quality control in liver diseases: Dawn of a therapeutic era. Int J Biol Sci. 21:1767–1783. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Fei M, Xu Y, Jin P, Wang Y and Zhou M: Mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis-induced liver injury: From pathophysiology to preclinical therapeutic targets. J Transl Med. 23:13392025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Li X, Tang J and Mao Y: Incidence and risk factors of drug-induced liver injury. Liver Int. 42:1999–2014. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Ramachandran A, Visschers RGJ, Duan L, Akakpo JY and Jaeschke H: Mitochondrial dysfunction as a mechanism of drug-induced hepatotoxicity: Current understanding and future perspectives. J Clin Transl Res. 4:75–100. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Allard J, Bucher S, Massart J, Ferron PJ, Le Guillou D, Loyant R, Daniel Y, Launay Y, Buron N, Begriche K, et al: Drug-induced hepatic steatosis in absence of severe mitochondrial dysfunction in HepaRG cells: Proof of multiple mechanism-based toxicity. Cell Biol Toxicol. 37:151–175. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Zhou Q, Cen P, Chen Z and Jin J: Roles of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and mitophagy in liver diseases. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 26:972–994. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Jiang Z, Yang X, Han Y, Li J, Hu C, Liu C and Xiao W: Sarmentosin promotes USP17 and regulates Nrf2-mediated mitophagy and cellular oxidative stress to alleviate APAP-induced acute liver failure. Phytomedicine. 104:1543372022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Hionides-Gutierrez A, Goikoetxea-Usandizaga N, Sanz-Garcia C, Martinez-Chantar ML and Cubero FJ: Novel emerging mechanisms in acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity. Liver Int. 45:e161672025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Liu D, Zhang R, Zha L, Yao L, Han Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhan M, Du J and Chen L: Nrf2-activated mitophagy and ferroptosis suppression synergistically mediate tangeretin's protection against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Phytomedicine. 145:1570342025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61 

Li X, Chen W, Jia Z, Xiao Y, Shi A and Ma X: Mitochondrial dysfunction as a pathogenesis and therapeutic strategy for metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Int J Mol Sci. 26:42562025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62 

Wang S, Long H, Hou L, Feng B, Ma Z, Wu Y, Zeng Y, Cai J, Zhang DW and Zhao G: The mitophagy pathway and its implications in human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 8:3042023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

63 

de Oliveira THC and Gonçalves GKN: Liver ischemia reperfusion injury: Mechanisms, cellular pathways, and therapeutic approaches. Int Immunopharmacol. 150:1142992025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

64 

Wang J, Fu W, Lu N, Guo Z, Bing OS, Shi H, Zhou H, Chang X and Meng M: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and mitochondrial quality control: Potential therapeutic targets. Int Immunopharmacol. 163:1152672025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

65 

Machado IF, Palmeira CM and Rolo AP: Preservation of mitochondrial health in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biomedicines. 11:9482023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

66 

Zhou S, Rao Z, Xia Y, Wang Q, Liu Z, Wang P, Cheng F and Zhou H: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein promotes ROS-mediated liver ischemia and reperfusion injury by inhibiting mitophagy in hepatocytes. Transplantation. 107:129–139. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Dusabimana T, Kim SR, Kim HJ, Park SW and Kim H: Nobiletin ameliorates hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury through the activation of SIRT-1/FOXO3a-mediated autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Exp Mol Med. 51:1–16. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

68 

Cheng Y and Zheng X: Characteristics and mechanisms of liver injury caused by emerging infectious diseases. Front Immunol. 16:16475172025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69 

Perez SE, Gooz M and Maldonado EN: Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disturbances induced by viral infections. Cells. 13:17892024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

70 

Yang Y, Shi R, Soomro MH, Hu F, Du F and She R: Hepatitis E virus induces hepatocyte apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in Mongolian gerbils. Front Microbiol. 9:4602018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Chen S, Zhu H and Jounaidi Y: Comprehensive snapshots of natural killer cells functions, signaling, molecular mechanisms and clinical utilization. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 9:3022024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

Qu C, Zhang S, Wang W, Li M, Wang Y, van der Heijde-Mulder M, Shokrollahi E, Hakim MS, Raat NJH, Peppelenbosch MP and Pan Q: Mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III sustains hepatitis E virus replication and represents an antiviral target. FASEB J. 33:1008–1019. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

73 

Xu L, Xu Y, Zhang F, Xu P and Wang L: Immunological pathways in viral hepatitis-induced hepato-cellular carcinoma. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 53:64–72. 2024.(In English, Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

74 

Duan X, Liu R, Lan W and Liu S: The essential role of mitochondrial dynamics in viral infections. Int J Mol Sci. 26:19552025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

75 

Fu C, Cao N, Liu W, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Zhu W and Fan S: Crosstalk between mitophagy and innate immunity in viral infection. Front Microbiol. 13:10640452022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

76 

Tian X, Yuan M, Li L, Chen D, Liu B, Zou X, He M and Wu Z: Enterovirus 71 induces mitophagy via PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway to promote viral replication. FASEB J. 39:e706592025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

77 

Sorouri M, Chang T and Hancks DC: Mitochondria and viral infection: Advances and emerging battlefronts. mBio. 13:e02096212022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

78 

Cao L, Li Y, Smirnov A, Voshtani R, Wang T, Shao C, Candi E, Melino G, Shi Y and Fang J: PGC-1α: Key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular differentiation in metabolic and regenerative tissues. Cell Biosci. 16:92025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

79 

Hu MM and Shu HB: Mitochondrial DNA-triggered innate immune response: Mechanisms and diseases. Cell Mol Immunol. 20:1403–1412. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

80 

Wang Y, Yang R, Cao Y, Li Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Fleishman JS, Chen J and Ding M: cGAS-STING targeting offers novel therapeutic opportunities in liver diseases. Drug Des Devel Ther. 19:5835–5853. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

81 

Sato H, Hoshi M, Ikeda F, Fujiyuki T, Yoneda M and Kai C: Downregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis by virus infection triggers antiviral responses by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase. PLoS Pathog. 17:e10098412021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

82 

Kozhukhar N and Alexeyev MF: TFAM's contributions to mtDNA replication and OXPHOS biogenesis are genetically separable. Cells. 11:37542022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

83 

Wang H, Ni HM, Chao X, Ma X, Rodriguez YA, Chavan H, Wang S, Krishnamurthy P, Dobrowsky R, Xu DX, et al: Double deletion of PINK1 and Parkin impairs hepatic mitophagy and exacerbates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Redox Biol. 22:1011482019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

84 

Xiang L, Shao Y and Chen Y: Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrion-targeted therapeutics in liver diseases. J Drug Target. 29:1080–1093. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

85 

Hong WL, Huang H, Zeng X and Duan CY: Targeting mitochondrial quality control: New therapeutic strategies for major diseases. Mil Med Res. 11:592024.PubMed/NCBI

86 

Wang Y, Liu Z, Shu S, Cai J, Tang C and Dong Z: AMPK/mTOR signaling in autophagy regulation during cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Front Physiol. 11:6197302020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

87 

Abdel-Zaher AO, Bakr MH, Gad YH and Abdelhafez AT: Novel mechanistic insights of the potential role of gasotransmitters and autophagy in the protective effect of metformin against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 398:9177–9198. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

88 

Zhang Q, Guo J, Shi C, Zhang D, Wang Y, Wang L and Gong Z: The SIRT2-AMPK axis regulates autophagy induced by acute liver failure. Sci Rep. 14:162782024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

89 

Yang M, Wei X, Yi X and Jiang DS: Mitophagy-related regulated cell death: Molecular mechanisms and disease implications. Cell Death Dis. 15:5052024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

90 

Zhang M, Zhang T, Zou R, He K, Huang R, Feng J, Hu J, Ge T, Fan X, Zhou H and Chen Y: Mitochondrial quality control as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease: Mechanistic insights and future directions. J Transl Int Med. 13:211–240. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

91 

Shan S, Liu Z, Wang S, Liu Z, Huang Z, Yang Y, Zhang C and Song F: Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission promotes carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrogenesis in mice. Toxicol Res (Camb). 11:486–497. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

92 

Zhang Q, Liu Z, Huang X, Heng X, Wu J, Chen Z, Guo X, Fan J and Huang Q: Mdivi-1 alleviates sepsis-induced liver injury by inhibiting sting signaling activation. Shock. 62:95–102. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

93 

Mukherjee N, Sheetz J and Shellman YG: Targeting the BCL2 family: Advances and challenges in BH3 mimetic-based therapies. Int J Mol Sci. 26:98592025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

94 

Cen X, Chen Y, Xu X, Wu R, He F, Zhao Q, Sun Q, Yi C, Wu J, Najafov A and Xia H: Pharmacological targeting of MCL-1 promotes mitophagy and improves disease pathologies in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Nat Commun. 11:57312020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

95 

Jin L, Yu B, Liu G, Nie W, Wang J, Chen J, Xiao L, Xia H, Han F and Yang Y: Mitophagy induced by UMI-77 preserves mitochondrial fitness in renal tubular epithelial cells and alleviates renal fibrosis. FASEB J. 36:e223422022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

96 

Abdullah-Al-Shoeb M, Sasaki K, Kikutani S, Namba N, Ueno K, Kondo Y, Maeda H, Maruyama T, Irie T and Ishitsuka Y: The late-stage protective effect of mito-TEMPO against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mouse and three-dimensional cell culture models. Antioxidants (Basel). 9:9652020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

97 

Wu L, Chen Q, Dong B, Geng H, Wang Y, Han D, Zhu X, Liu H, Zhang Z, Yang Y, et al: Resveratrol alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury by inducing SIRT1/P62-mediated mitophagy in gibel carp (Carassius gibelio). Front Immunol. 14:11771402023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

98 

Wu H, Wu L, Luo L, Wu YT, Zhang QX, Li HY and Zhang BF: Quercetin inhibits mitophagy-mediated apoptosis and inflammatory response by targeting the PPARγ/PGC-1α/NF-κB axis to improve acute liver failure. Int Immunopharmacol. 143:1134442024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

99 

Xie YL, Chu JG, Jian XM, Dong JZ, Wang LP, Li GX and Yang NB: Curcumin attenuates lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury by activating Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibiting NF-kB activation. Biomed Pharmacother. 91:70–77. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

100 

Visalli F, Capobianco M, Cappellani F, Rapisarda L, Spinello A, Avitabile A, Cannizzaro L, Gagliano C and Zeppieri M: Mitochondrial health through nicotinamide riboside and berberine: Shared pathways and therapeutic potential. Int J Mol Sci. 27:4852026. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

101 

Shi X, Zhang J, Gao J, Guo D, Zhang S, Chen X and Tang H: Melatonin attenuates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibiting the PGAM5-mPTP pathway. PLoS One. 19:e03128532024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

102 

Mantle D, Hargreaves IP, Domingo JC and Castro-Marrero J: Mitochondrial dysfunction and coenzyme Q10 supplementation in post-viral fatigue syndrome: An overview. Int J Mol Sci. 25:5742024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

103 

Qin X, Jiang M, Zhao Y, Gong J, Su H, Yuan F, Fang K, Yuan X, Yu X, Dong H and Lu F: Berberine protects against diabetic kidney disease via promoting PGC-1α-regulated mitochondrial energy homeostasis. Br J Pharmacol. 177:3646–3661. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

104 

Koh YC, Lin SJ, Hsu KY, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT and Pan MH: Pterostilbene enhances thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1alpha/SIRT3 pathway to prevent western diet-induced obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 67:e23003702023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

105 

Mukkala AN, David BA, Ailenberg M, Liang J, Vaswani CM, Karakas D, Goldfarb R, Barbour W, Gasner A, Wu RS, et al: Mitochondrial transplantation: A novel therapy for liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. Ann Surg. 281:1032–1047. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

106 

Thomas MA, Fahey MJ, Pugliese BR, Irwin RM, Antonyak MA and Delco ML: Human mesenchymal stromal cells release functional mitochondria in extracellular vesicles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 10:8701932022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

107 

Tan YL, Eng SP, Hafez P, Abdul Karim N, Law JX and Ng MH: Mesenchymal stromal cell mitochondrial transfer as a cell rescue strategy in regenerative medicine: A review of evidence in preclinical models. Stem Cells Transl Med. 11:814–827. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

108 

Li M, Wu L, Si H, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zeng Y and Shen B: Engineered mitochondria in diseases: Mechanisms, strategies, and applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 10:712025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

109 

Miao X, Jiang P, Wang Z, Kong W and Feng L: Mitochondrial transplantation: A novel therapeutic approach for treating diseases. MedComm (2020). 6:e702532025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

110 

Li Y, Li XM, Wei LS and Ye JF: Advancements in mitochondrial-targeted nanotherapeutics: Overcoming biological obstacles and optimizing drug delivery. Front Immunol. 15:14519892024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Cong G, Chu Y, Bai Y, Zhang Y and Zhou L: Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review). Mol Med Rep 34: 273, 2026.
APA
Chen, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Cong, G., Chu, Y., Bai, Y. ... Zhou, L. (2026). Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 34, 273. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13984
MLA
Chen, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Cong, G., Chu, Y., Bai, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L."Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34.4 (2026): 273.
Chicago
Chen, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Cong, G., Chu, Y., Bai, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L."Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34, no. 4 (2026): 273. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13984
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Cong G, Chu Y, Bai Y, Zhang Y and Zhou L: Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review). Mol Med Rep 34: 273, 2026.
APA
Chen, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Cong, G., Chu, Y., Bai, Y. ... Zhou, L. (2026). Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 34, 273. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13984
MLA
Chen, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Cong, G., Chu, Y., Bai, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L."Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34.4 (2026): 273.
Chicago
Chen, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Cong, G., Chu, Y., Bai, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L."Mitochondrial quality control in acute liver injury and its therapeutic implications (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34, no. 4 (2026): 273. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13984
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team