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Article

Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer

  • Authors:
    • Francesco Recchia
    • Giampiero Candeloro
    • Stefano Necozione
    • Giovambattista Desideri
    • Alisia Cesta
    • Laura Recchia
    • Silvio Rea
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Oncology, Civilian Hospital, Avezzano, Italy, Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy, Carlo Ferri Foundation, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
  • Pages: 1117-1122
    |
    Published online on: January 18, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1142
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Abstract

Estradiol (E2) plays a key role in human reproduction through the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and T-regulatory cells (T-Regs), which are also important in breast cancer (BC) growth. The primary endpoint of the present study was the investigation of whether E2 suppression, chemotherapy and radiation therapy decreased the levels of VEGF and T-Regs of premenopausal patients with high-risk early BC. The secondary endpoints were toxicity, progression‑free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Between April 2003 and July 2008, 100 premenopausal women with early, high-risk BC were entered into the study. The characteristics of the patients were as follows: median age, 43 years (range, 26-45); median number of positive axillary nodes, 3.3; median Ki-67, 33%. Plasma E2, VEGF and T-Reg were measured at baseline and every year. Treatment comprised luteneizing hormone‑releasing hormone (LH-RH) analogue, tailored chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hormonal therapy in oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumours. At 4 years, a statistically significant decrease in E2, VEGF and T-Reg levels was observed; the PFS and OS rates were 94 and 98%, respectively. Hot flushes and G1 osteopenia occurred following LH-RH analogue administration, while no unexpected toxicity was observed following chemotherapy. E2 deprivation with an LH-RH analogue, tailored chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hormonal therapy in ER+ tumours decreased plasma VEGF levels and T-Regs numbers in premenopausal high-risk ER+ and ER- BC patients. In addition, a favorable impact on PFS and OS was observed.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Recchia F, Candeloro G, Necozione S, Desideri G, Cesta A, Recchia L and Rea S: Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer. Oncol Lett 5: 1117-1122, 2013.
APA
Recchia, F., Candeloro, G., Necozione, S., Desideri, G., Cesta, A., Recchia, L., & Rea, S. (2013). Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer. Oncology Letters, 5, 1117-1122. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1142
MLA
Recchia, F., Candeloro, G., Necozione, S., Desideri, G., Cesta, A., Recchia, L., Rea, S."Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer". Oncology Letters 5.4 (2013): 1117-1122.
Chicago
Recchia, F., Candeloro, G., Necozione, S., Desideri, G., Cesta, A., Recchia, L., Rea, S."Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer". Oncology Letters 5, no. 4 (2013): 1117-1122. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1142
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Recchia F, Candeloro G, Necozione S, Desideri G, Cesta A, Recchia L and Rea S: Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer. Oncol Lett 5: 1117-1122, 2013.
APA
Recchia, F., Candeloro, G., Necozione, S., Desideri, G., Cesta, A., Recchia, L., & Rea, S. (2013). Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer. Oncology Letters, 5, 1117-1122. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1142
MLA
Recchia, F., Candeloro, G., Necozione, S., Desideri, G., Cesta, A., Recchia, L., Rea, S."Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer". Oncology Letters 5.4 (2013): 1117-1122.
Chicago
Recchia, F., Candeloro, G., Necozione, S., Desideri, G., Cesta, A., Recchia, L., Rea, S."Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and T-regulatory cells in premenopausal breast cancer". Oncology Letters 5, no. 4 (2013): 1117-1122. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1142
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