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October 2013 Volume 6 Issue 4

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International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

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International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

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Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

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Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

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Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

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Article

Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

  • Authors:
    • Lele Song
    • Hao Liu
    • Linyan Ma
    • Xudng Zhang
    • Zhiwen Jiang
    • Chenchen Jiang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceuticals, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affilated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Affilated Tumor Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China, Priority Research Center for Cancer Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
  • Pages: 1031-1038
    |
    Published online on: July 29, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1498
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Abstract

Radiotherapy and adjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy are the mainstream treatments for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which effectively improve the outcome and reduce tumor recurrence. However, the resistance mechanism(s) involved in radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which is the main barrier in NPC treatment, remains undefined. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement for the identification of new therapeutic strategies or adjuvant drugs. In the present study, the effects of autophagy inhibitors on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‑induced autophagy was investigated. Combining 3‑methyladenine (3‑MA) with cisplatin (DDP), ionizing radiation (IR), 2‑deoxy‑D‑glucose (2‑DG) or tunicamycin (TM) resulted in enhanced cell death, as revealed by MTT and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the sensitivity of NPC cells to DDP‑ and IR‑induced apoptosis was not significant. DDP, IR, 2‑DG and TM induced ER stress and autophagy. Using fluorescence microscopy, 3‑MA was identified to increase the apoptotic cell death induced by DDP, IR, 2‑DG or TM. In addition, 3‑MA inhibited the increased autophagy induced by DDP, IR, 2‑DG or TM, as demonstrated by western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry results. Results of the present study indicate that autophagy acts as a protective mechanism response to the apoptosis induced by DDP, IR, 2‑DG or TM.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Song L, Liu H, Ma L, Zhang X, Jiang Z and Jiang C: Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 6: 1031-1038, 2013.
APA
Song, L., Liu, H., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Jiang, Z., & Jiang, C. (2013). Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Oncology Letters, 6, 1031-1038. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1498
MLA
Song, L., Liu, H., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Jiang, Z., Jiang, C."Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells". Oncology Letters 6.4 (2013): 1031-1038.
Chicago
Song, L., Liu, H., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Jiang, Z., Jiang, C."Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells". Oncology Letters 6, no. 4 (2013): 1031-1038. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1498
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Song L, Liu H, Ma L, Zhang X, Jiang Z and Jiang C: Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 6: 1031-1038, 2013.
APA
Song, L., Liu, H., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Jiang, Z., & Jiang, C. (2013). Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Oncology Letters, 6, 1031-1038. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1498
MLA
Song, L., Liu, H., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Jiang, Z., Jiang, C."Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells". Oncology Letters 6.4 (2013): 1031-1038.
Chicago
Song, L., Liu, H., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Jiang, Z., Jiang, C."Inhibition of autophagy by 3‑MA enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells". Oncology Letters 6, no. 4 (2013): 1031-1038. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1498
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