Open Access

Carbogen gas-challenge blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma: Initial results

  • Authors:
    • Long Jiang Zhang
    • Zhuoli Zhang
    • Jian Xu
    • Ning Jin
    • Song Luo
    • Andrew C. Larson
    • Guang Ming Lu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: July 23, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3526
  • Pages: 2009-2014
  • Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of performing carbogen gas-challenge blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 25 patients with HCC underwent T2* mapping derived from multi‑echo gradient‑recalled echo imaging prior to and following breathing carbogen (95% O2 and 5% CO2) for 10 min. Follow‑up T2* mapping was performed in 5 patients 1 day after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). T2*, R2* and ∆R2* values (R2*air ‑ R2*carb) of the whole tumor, the solid region of the tumor and the adjacent liver parenchyma were measured and compared in the patients with HCC. The T2* value of the solid region of the tumor following carbogen breathing was higher than the value following room air breathing (P<0.05), and the R2* value of room air breathing was higher than that following carbogen breathing (P<0.05). ∆R2* values of the tumor and the adjacent liver parenchyma prior to and following carbogen breathing were 2.4±7.8, 8.1±14.7 and 2.0±11.0 sec‑1, respectively. R2* values were significantly decreased in 2 cases 1 day after TACE (17.8 vs. ‑3.4 sec‑1 and 10.2 vs. 2.4 sec‑1). Overall, carbogen gas‑challenge BOLD MRI measurements are feasible in clinical settings and may serve as a novel functional biomarker for monitoring the treatment efficacy of embolic therapies for HCC.
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October-2015
Volume 10 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Zhang LJ, Zhang Z, Xu J, Jin N, Luo S, Larson AC and Lu GM: Carbogen gas-challenge blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma: Initial results. Oncol Lett 10: 2009-2014, 2015
APA
Zhang, L.J., Zhang, Z., Xu, J., Jin, N., Luo, S., Larson, A.C., & Lu, G.M. (2015). Carbogen gas-challenge blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma: Initial results. Oncology Letters, 10, 2009-2014. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3526
MLA
Zhang, L. J., Zhang, Z., Xu, J., Jin, N., Luo, S., Larson, A. C., Lu, G. M."Carbogen gas-challenge blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma: Initial results". Oncology Letters 10.4 (2015): 2009-2014.
Chicago
Zhang, L. J., Zhang, Z., Xu, J., Jin, N., Luo, S., Larson, A. C., Lu, G. M."Carbogen gas-challenge blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma: Initial results". Oncology Letters 10, no. 4 (2015): 2009-2014. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3526