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Article

Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer

  • Authors:
    • Serena Ricci
    • Dario Bruzzese
    • Angelina Di Carlo
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Naples 80131, Italy, Department of Public Health, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Naples 80131, Italy, Department of Medico‑Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Latina 04100, Italy
  • Pages: 2527-2532
    |
    Published online on: August 3, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3558
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Abstract

The identification of biomarkers in urine or serum samples from patients with bladder cancer is urgently required for the development of non‑invasive methods for the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma and to facilitate follow‑up surveillance, to combat the high progression and recurrence rates of this type of cancer. The current study measured the content of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and ‑9, as well as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‑1 and ‑2 in the urine and sera of 41 patients with bladder cancer by ELISA. The association between levels of MMP‑2 and ‑9 and TIMP‑1 and ‑2, and tumor grade and stage were investigated to verify whether these molecules are involved in tumor differentiation. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that urinary TIMP‑1 levels were significantly higher in the high grade group compared with those of the low grade samples (P=0.022). The results also revealed a significantly differing distribution of TIMP-1 expression between Ta and T1 stage specimens (P=0.040). The corresponding area under the curves (AUCs) were 0.72, with a sensitivity of 0.70 and specificity of 0.75. In addition, neutrophil gelatinase‑associated lipocalin (NGAL) and MMP‑9/NGAL complex levels in the sera were measured. All molecules evaluated were detected in the sera of the patients studied. In particular, tumors staged as non-muscle invasive (Ta and T1), demonstrated significantly higher NGAL levels compared with those of muscle invasive (>T1) bladder cancer (32.8 ng/ml vs. 16.2 ng/ml; P=0.029). The discriminatory ability of NGAL expression was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis that revealed an AUC of 0.75, a sensitivity of 0.88 and a specificity of 0.67. These data indicated that urinary TIMP‑1 and serum NGAL may be useful non‑invasive biomarkers to provide clinical information for bladder cancer disease management. Multicenter, prospective studies are required to confirm these preliminary results.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ricci S, Bruzzese D and Di Carlo A: Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 10: 2527-2532, 2015.
APA
Ricci, S., Bruzzese, D., & Di Carlo, A. (2015). Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer. Oncology Letters, 10, 2527-2532. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3558
MLA
Ricci, S., Bruzzese, D., Di Carlo, A."Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer". Oncology Letters 10.4 (2015): 2527-2532.
Chicago
Ricci, S., Bruzzese, D., Di Carlo, A."Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer". Oncology Letters 10, no. 4 (2015): 2527-2532. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3558
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ricci S, Bruzzese D and Di Carlo A: Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 10: 2527-2532, 2015.
APA
Ricci, S., Bruzzese, D., & Di Carlo, A. (2015). Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer. Oncology Letters, 10, 2527-2532. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3558
MLA
Ricci, S., Bruzzese, D., Di Carlo, A."Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer". Oncology Letters 10.4 (2015): 2527-2532.
Chicago
Ricci, S., Bruzzese, D., Di Carlo, A."Evaluation of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, TIMP‑1, TIMP‑2, NGAL and MMP‑9/NGAL complex in urine and sera from patients with bladder cancer". Oncology Letters 10, no. 4 (2015): 2527-2532. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3558
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