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Article Open Access

Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies

  • Authors:
    • A. Pontikaki
    • S. Sifakis
    • D. A. Spandidos
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece, Department of Virology, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
    Copyright: © Pontikaki et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 23-30
    |
    Published online on: November 10, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3895
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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Recent reviews have demonstrated the connection between endometriosis and breast cancer, which represents the most frequently diagnosed female cancer and the most common cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. The aim of this study was to conduct a survey of available published epidemiological studies indicating the association between endometriosis and breast cancer, and simultaneously to categorize the results based on the strength of the association, with the intention of the critical evaluation of the existing data. We performed a rigorous search of the PubMed/Medline database, using the key words ‘endometriosis’ and ‘breast cancer’ for all studies published in the English language until September 2015. We found 4 retrospective cohort studies, 4 case-control studies and 3 case-cohort studies that demonstrated a notable risk for developing breast cancer among women with endometriosis. By contrast, we also found 5 case-control studies, 1 prospective cohort study, 1 case-cohort study and 1 cross-sectional study that demonstrated a negative association between endometriosis and breast cancer. In conclusion, as regards the clarification of a ‘robust’ or ‘weak’ association between endometriosis and breast cancer, no definite conclusions could be drawn, due to the limited number of studies and the limitations of each of these studies. New well‑designed, prospective cohort or randomized control trials with long-term follow-up are warranted in order to provide evidence-based clinical recommendations for proper counseling, screening and treatment strategies for patients wth endometriosis, and hence to improve public health.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Pontikaki A, Sifakis S and Spandidos DA: Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies. Oncol Lett 11: 23-30, 2016.
APA
Pontikaki, A., Sifakis, S., & Spandidos, D.A. (2016). Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies. Oncology Letters, 11, 23-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3895
MLA
Pontikaki, A., Sifakis, S., Spandidos, D. A."Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies". Oncology Letters 11.1 (2016): 23-30.
Chicago
Pontikaki, A., Sifakis, S., Spandidos, D. A."Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies". Oncology Letters 11, no. 1 (2016): 23-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3895
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Pontikaki A, Sifakis S and Spandidos DA: Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies. Oncol Lett 11: 23-30, 2016.
APA
Pontikaki, A., Sifakis, S., & Spandidos, D.A. (2016). Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies. Oncology Letters, 11, 23-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3895
MLA
Pontikaki, A., Sifakis, S., Spandidos, D. A."Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies". Oncology Letters 11.1 (2016): 23-30.
Chicago
Pontikaki, A., Sifakis, S., Spandidos, D. A."Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies". Oncology Letters 11, no. 1 (2016): 23-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3895
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