Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
May-2016 Volume 11 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2016 Volume 11 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment

  • Authors:
    • Gabriella Macchia
    • Francesco Deodato
    • Savino Cilla
    • Francesco Legge
    • Vito Carone
    • Vito Chiantera
    • Vincenzo Valentini
    • Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
    • Gabriella Ferrandina
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncology, ‘Giovanni Paolo II’ Foundation, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Campobasso I‑86100, Italy, Medical Physics Unit, ‘Giovanni Paolo II’ Foundation, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Campobasso I‑86100, Italy, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, ‘Giovanni Paolo II’ Foundation, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Campobasso I‑86100, Italy, Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, S. Orsola‑Malpighi Hospital, Bologna I‑40126, Italy, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University, I-00168 Rome, Italy
  • Pages: 3446-3450
    |
    Published online on: March 29, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4390
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The present study investigated the combination of levonorgestrel‑releasing intrauterine device (LNG‑IUD) insertion and palliative radiotherapy (RT) as a potential approach for treating frail, elderly endometrial cancer (EC) patients considered unfit for curative oncological treatments. The inclusion criteria were an age of ≥65 years, pathological confirmation of a uterine neoplasm, a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) value of ≥4 and the presence of vaginal bleeding. Patients underwent intrauterine insertion of an LNG‑IUD, and thereafter, received a total dose of 30 Gy at 3 Gy per fraction, over 10 days. The clinical target volume (CTV) was defined as the uterus and disease‑involved tissues in the pelvis plus a 1‑cm margin. The planning target volume was obtained by adding a 1‑cm isotropic margin to the CTV. A total of 9 patients with EC (median age, 85 years; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥2, ≥88.8%; obesity, 55.5%; median CCI, 5) received an LNG‑IUD plus RT. An early complete resolution of bleeding was documented in 8 patients (88.8%), while the remaining patient experienced a marked improvement. The median duration of bleeding control was 18 months, while the 2‑year actuarial rate of bleeding‑free survival was 53.3% (median follow‑up time, 20 months; range, 9‑60 months). No LNG‑IUD‑ or severe RT‑related complications were documented. Overall, a high rate of bleeding remission, durable bleeding‑free survival in face of the easy intrauterine insertion of an LNG‑IUD and a negligible toxicity profile of the complete treatment were documented in this study, indicating a requirement for further investigation in a larger series.
View Figures

Figure 1

View References

1 

Fishman DA, Roberts KB, Chambers JT, Kohorn EI, Schwartz PE and Chambers SK: Radiation therapy as exclusive treatment for medically inoperable patients with stage I and II endometrioid carcinoma with endometrium. Gynecol Oncol. 61:189–196. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Coon D, Beriwal S, Heron DE, Kelley JL, Edwards RP, Sukumvanich P, Zorn KK and Krivak TC: High-dose-rate Rotte ‘Y’ applicator brachytherapy for definitive treatment of medically inoperable endometrial cancer: 10-year results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 71:779–783. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Niazi TM, Souhami L, Portelance L, Bahoric B, Gilbert L and Stanimir G: Long-term results of high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the primary treatment of medically inoperable stage I–II endometrial carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 63:1108–1113. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Lutz ST, Chow EL, Hartsell WF and Konski AA: A review of hypofractionated palliative radiotherapy. Cancer. 109:1462–1470. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Gill BS, Chapman BV, Hansen KJ, Sukumvanich P and Beriwal S: Primary radiotherapy for nonsurgically managed Stage I endometrial cancer: Utilization and impact of brachytherapy. Brachytherapy. 14:373–379. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Caravatta L, Padula GD, Macchia G, Ferrandina G, Bonomo P, Deodato F, Massaccesi M, Mignogna S, Tambaro R, Rossi M, et al: Short-course accelerated radiotherapy in palliative treatment of advanced pelvic malignancies: A phase I study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 83:e627–e631. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Kim DH, Lee JH, Ki YK, Nam JH, Kim WT, Jeon HS, Park D and Kim DW: Short-course palliative radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer. Radiat Oncol J. 31:216–21. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Spanos WJ Jr, Perez CA, Marcus S, Poulter CA, Doggett RL, Steinfeld AD and Grigsby PW: Effect of rest interval on tumor and normal tissue response-a report of phase III study of accelerated split course palliative radiation for advanced pelvic malignancies (RTOG-8502). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 25:399–403. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Yan J, Milosevic M, Fyles A, Manchul L, Kelly V and Levin W: A hypofractionated radiotherapy regimen (0-7-21) for advanced gynaecological cancer patients. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 23:476–481. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Lai CH and Huang HJ: The role of hormones for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 18:29–34. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

11 

Leslie KK, Thiel KW and Yang S: Endometrial cancer: Potential treatment and prevention with progestin-containing intrauterine devices. Obstet Gynecol. 119:419–420. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Mountzios G, Pectasides D, Bournakis E, Pectasides E, Bozas G, Dimopoulos MA and Papadimitriou CA: Developments in the systemic treatment of endometrial cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 79:278–292. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Dhar KK, NeedhiRajan T, Koslowski M and Woolas RP: Is levonorgestrel intrauterine system effective for treatment of early endometrial cancer? Report of four cases and review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol. 97:924–927. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Giannopoulos T, Butler-Manuel S and Tailor A: Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) as a therapy for endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 95:762–764. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Montz FJ, Bristow RE, Bovicelli A, Tomacruz R and Kurman RJ: Intrauterine progesterone treatment of early endometrial cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 186:651–657. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Toivonen J and Luukkainen T: Progestin-releasing intrauterine devices. Curr Ther Endocrinol Metab. 6:281–285. 1997.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Gallos ID, Shehmar M, Thangaratinam S, Papapostolou TK, Coomarasamy A and Gupta JK: Oral progestogens vs. levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for endometrial hyperplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 203(547): e1–e10. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Gallos ID, Krishan P, Shehmar M, Ganesan R and Gupta JK: LNG-IUS versus oral progestogen treatment for endometrial hyperplasia: A long-term comparative cohort study. Hum Reprod. 28:2966–2971. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Guttinger A and Critchley H: Endometrial effects of intrauterine levonorgestrel. Contraception. 75(6 Suppl): S93–S98. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Luukkainen T, Lähteenmäki P and Toivonen J: Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. Ann Med. 22:85–90. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

André Wambersie and Torsten Landberg: ICRU report 62: Prescribing, recording and reporting photon beam therapy (Supplement to ICRU Report 50). ICRU. Bethesda, MD: 1999.

22 

Cox JD, Stetz J and Pajak TF: Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 31:1341–1346. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Kaplan EL and Meier P: Non-parametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Statist Assoc. 53:457–481. 1958. View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Creasman W: Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the endometrium. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 105:1092009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Therasse P, Arbuck SG, Eisenhauer EA, Wanders J, Kaplan RS, Rubinstein L, Verweij J, Van Glabbeke M, van Oosterom AT, Christian MC and Gwyther SG: New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. European organization for research and treatment of cancer, national cancer institute of the united states, national cancer institute of canada. J Natl Cancer Inst. 92:205–216. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Mishra SK, Laskar S, Muckaden MA, Mohindra P, Shrivastava SK and Dinshaw KA: Monthly palliative pelvic radiotherapy in advanced carcinoma of uterine cervix. J Cancer Res Ther. 1:208–212. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Ramirez PT, Frumovitz M, Bodurka DC, Sun CC and Levenback C: Hormonal therapy for the management of grade 1 endometrial adenocarcinoma: A literature review. Gynecol Oncol. 95:133–138. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Carcangiu ML, Chambers JT, Voynick IM, Pirro M and Schwartz PE: Immunohistochemical evaluation of estrogen and progesterone receptor content in 183 patients with endometrial carcinoma. Part I: Clinical and histologic correlations. Am J Clin Pathol. 94:247–254. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Yan L, Liu S and Pejovic T: ER+/PR+/TFF3+/IMP3− immunoprofile distinguishes endometrioid from serous and clear cell carcinomas of the endometrium: A study of 401 cases. Histopathology. 62:976–985. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Bokhman JV, Chepick OF, Volkova AT and Vishnevsky AS: Can primary endometrial carcinoma stage I be cured without surgery and radiation therapy? Gynecol Oncol. 20:139–155. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Gotlieb WH, Beiner ME, Shalmon B, Korach Y, Segal Y, Zmira N, Koupolovic J and Ben-Baruch G: Outcome of fertility-sparing treatment with progestins in young patients with endometrial cancer. Obstet Gynecol. 102:718–725. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Hahn HS, Yoon SG, Hong JS, Hong SR, Park SJ, Lim JY, Kwon YS, Lee IH, Lim KT, Lee KH, et al: Conservative treatment with progestin and pregnancy outcomes in endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 19:1068–1073. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Kaku T, Yoshikawa H, Tsuda H, Sakamoto A, Fukunaga M, Kuwabara Y, Hataeg M, Kodama S, Kuzuya K, Sato S, et al: Conservative therapy for adenocarcinoma and atypical endometrial hyperplasia of the endometrium in young women: Central pathologic review and treatment outcome. Cancer Lett. 167:39–48. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Koskas M, Yazbeck C, Walker F, Clouqueur E, Agostini A, Ruat S, Lucot JP, Lambaudie E, Luton D and Madelenat P: Fertility-sparing management of grade 2 and 3 endometrial adenocarcinomas. Anticancer Res. 31:3047–3049. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Macchia G, Deodato F, Cilla S, Legge F, Carone V, Chiantera V, Valentini V, Morganti AG and Ferrandina G: Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment. Oncol Lett 11: 3446-3450, 2016.
APA
Macchia, G., Deodato, F., Cilla, S., Legge, F., Carone, V., Chiantera, V. ... Ferrandina, G. (2016). Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment. Oncology Letters, 11, 3446-3450. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4390
MLA
Macchia, G., Deodato, F., Cilla, S., Legge, F., Carone, V., Chiantera, V., Valentini, V., Morganti, A. G., Ferrandina, G."Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment". Oncology Letters 11.5 (2016): 3446-3450.
Chicago
Macchia, G., Deodato, F., Cilla, S., Legge, F., Carone, V., Chiantera, V., Valentini, V., Morganti, A. G., Ferrandina, G."Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment". Oncology Letters 11, no. 5 (2016): 3446-3450. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4390
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Macchia G, Deodato F, Cilla S, Legge F, Carone V, Chiantera V, Valentini V, Morganti AG and Ferrandina G: Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment. Oncol Lett 11: 3446-3450, 2016.
APA
Macchia, G., Deodato, F., Cilla, S., Legge, F., Carone, V., Chiantera, V. ... Ferrandina, G. (2016). Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment. Oncology Letters, 11, 3446-3450. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4390
MLA
Macchia, G., Deodato, F., Cilla, S., Legge, F., Carone, V., Chiantera, V., Valentini, V., Morganti, A. G., Ferrandina, G."Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment". Oncology Letters 11.5 (2016): 3446-3450.
Chicago
Macchia, G., Deodato, F., Cilla, S., Legge, F., Carone, V., Chiantera, V., Valentini, V., Morganti, A. G., Ferrandina, G."Progestin‑releasing intrauterine device insertion plus palliative radiotherapy in frail, elderly uterine cancer patients unfit for radical treatment". Oncology Letters 11, no. 5 (2016): 3446-3450. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4390
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team