Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
November-2016 Volume 12 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2016 Volume 12 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection

  • Authors:
    • Agostino Chiaravalloti
    • Alessandro Fiorentini
    • Erika Palombo
    • Davide Rinino
    • Annamaria Lacanfora
    • Roberta Danieli
    • Carmen Di Russo
    • Daniele Di Biagio
    • Ettore Squillaci
    • Orazio Schillaci
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Nuclear Medicine Unit, University Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
  • Pages: 4209-4213
    |
    Published online on: September 15, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5143
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The aim of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in assessing the recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) with regard to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19‑9 (CA 19‑9). 18F‑FDG PET/CT was performed in 100 patients for the re‑staging of CRC. Therapy was discontinued prior to the examination. The mean (± standard deviation) CEA value (measured ~30 days prior to PET/CT examination) was 23.71 (±107) ng/ml, whereas the CA 19‑9 value was 72 (±190.3) U/ml. Differences in CEA and CA 19‑9 values in patients with scans that were positive or negative for recurrence were analyzed by means of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. ROC curves were used for the calculation of the sensitivity and specificity of 18F‑FDG PET/CT for the CEA and CA 19‑9 levels. The results of the 18F‑FDG PET/CT were found to be associated with the CEA level (P=0.001), but not with the CA 19‑9 level (P=0.43). PET/CT was positive for recurrence in 60 patients (60.0%), whose mean CEA and CA 19‑9 values were 33.07±136.7 ng/ml and 75.24±192.3 U/ml, respectively. PET/CT was negative for recurrence in 40 patients (40.0%), whose mean CEA and CA 19‑9 values were 10.15±30 ng/ml and 67.76±190 U/ml, respectively. On the basis of ROC curve analysis, the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity was achieved for CEA levels of 3.5 ng/ml [sensitivity, 80%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 67‑89%; and specificity, 60%; 95% CI, 45‑78%]. The study concluded that the detection of recurrence by 18F‑FDG PET/CT in patients treated for CRC is associated with CEA, but not CA 19‑9 serum levels. Moreover, 18F‑FDG PET/CT should be recommended in patients with suspected CRC recurrence even when they present with CEA levels below the normal cut-off.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

van de Velde CJ, Boelens PG, Borras JM, Coebergh JW, Cervantes A, Blomqvist L, Beets-Tan RG, van den Broek CB, Brown G, Van Cutsem E, et al: EURECCA colorectal: Multidisciplinary management: European consensus conference colon & rectum. Eur J Cancer. 50:1.e1–1.e34. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Bowne WB, Lee B, Wong WD, Ben-Porat L, Shia J, Cohen AM, Enker WE, Guillem JG, Paty PB and Weiser MR: Operative salvage for locoregional recurrent colon cancer after curative resection: An analysis of 100 cases. Dis Colon Rectum. 48:897–909. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Chen CH, Hsieh MC, Lai CC, Yeh CY, Chen JS, Hsieh PS, Chiang JM, Tsai WS, Tang R, Changchien CR and Wang JY: Lead time of carcinoembryonic antigen elevation in the postoperative follow-up of colorectal cancer did not affect the survival rate after recurrence. Int J Colorectal Dis. 25:567–571. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Tan E, Gouvas N, Nicholls RJ, Ziprin P, Xynos E and Tekkis PP: Diagnostic precision of carcinoembryonic antigen in the detection of recurrence of colorectal cancer. Surg Oncol. 18:15–24. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Magnani JL, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H and Ginsburg V: Identification of the gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancer-associated antigen detected by monoclonal antibody 19-9 in the sera of patients as a mucin. Cancer Res. 43:5489–5492. 1983.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Filella X, Molina R, Piqué JM, Garcia-Valdecasas JC, Grau JJ, Novell F, Astudillo E, de Lacy A, Daniels M and Ballesta AM: Use of CA 19-9 in the early detection of recurrences in colorectal cancer: Comparison with CEA. Tumour Biol. 15:1–6. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Bast RC Jr, Ravdin P, Hayes DF, Bates S, Fritsche H Jr, Jessup JM, Kemeny N, Locker GY, Mennel RG and Somerfield MR: American Society of Clinical Oncology Tumor Markers Expert Panel: 2000 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in breast and colorectal cancer: Clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol. 19:1865–1878. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Panagiotidis E, Datseris IE, Rondogianni P, Vlontzou E, Skilakaki M, Exarhos D and Bamias A: Does CEA and CA 19-9 combined increase the likelihood of 18F-FDG in detecting recurrence in colorectal patients with negative CeCT? Nucl Med Commun. 35:598–605. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Ozkan E, Soydal C, Araz M and Aras G: Serum carcinoembryonic antigen measurement, abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the detection of colorectal cancer recurrence: A correlative study. Nucl Med Commun. 33:990–994. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Ozkan E, Soydal C, Araz M, Kir KM and Ibis E: The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting colorectal cancer recurrence in patients with elevated CEA levels. Nucl Med Commun. 33:395–402. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Sanli Y, Kuyumcu S, Ozkan ZG, Kilic L, Balik E, Turkmen C, Has D, Isik G, Asoglu O, Kapran Y and Adalet I: The utility of FDG-PET/CT as an effective tool for detecting recurrent colorectal cancer regardless of serum CEA levels. Ann Nucl Med. 26:551–558. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Gade M, Kubik M, Fisker RV, Thorlacius-Ussing O and Petersen LJ: Diagnostic value of (18)F-FDG PET/CT as first choice in the detection of recurrent colorectal cancer due to rising CEA. Cancer Imaging. 15:112015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Boellaard R, Delgado-Bolton R, Oyen WG, Giammarile F, Tatsch K, Eschner W, Verzijlbergen FJ, Barrington SF, Pike LC, Weber WA, et al: FDG PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for tumour imaging: Version 2.0. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 42:328–354. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Puri KS, Suresh KR, Gogtay NJ and Thatte UM: Declaration of Helsinki, 2008: Implications for stakeholders in research. J Postgrad Med. 55:131–134. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Chiaravalloti A, Danieli R, Caracciolo CR, Travascio L, Cantonetti M, Gallamini A, Guazzaroni M, Orlacchio A, Simonetti G and Schillaci O: Initial staging of Hodgkin's disease: Role of contrast-enhanced 18F FDG PET/CT. Medicine (Baltimore). 93:e502014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Ogunbiyi OA, Flanagan FL, Dehdashti F, Siegel BA, Trask DD, Birnbaum EH, Fleshman JW, Read TE, Philpott GW and Kodner IJ: Detection of recurrent and metastatic colorectal cancer: Comparison of positron emission tomography and computed tomography. Ann Surg Oncol. 4:613–620. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Caobelli F, Alongi P, Evangelista L, Picchio M, Saladini G, Rensi M, Geatti O, Castello A, Laghai I and Popescu CE: Predictive value of F-FDG PET/CT in restaging patients affected by ovarian carcinoma: A multicentre study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 43:404–413. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Chiaravalloti A, Rubello D, Chondrogiannis S, Giammarile F, Colletti PM and Schillaci O: Low-dose CT and contrast-medium CT in hybrid PET/CT systems for oncologic patients. Nucl Med Commun. 36:867–870. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Lu YY, Chen JH, Chien CR, Chen WT, Tsai SC, Lin WY and Kao CH: Use of FDG-PET or PET/CT to detect recurrent colorectal cancer in patients with elevated CEA: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 28:1039–1047. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Fletcher JW, Djulbegovic B, Soares HP, Siegel BA, Lowe VJ, Lyman GH, Coleman RE, Wahl R, Paschold JC, Avril N, et al: Recommendations on the use of F-18-FDG PET in oncology. J Nucl Med. 49:480–508. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Delgado-Bolton RC, Fernández-Pérez C, González-Maté A and Carreras JL: Meta-analysis of the performance of 18F-FDG PET in primary tumor detection in unknown primary tumors. J Nucl Med. 44:1301–1314. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Delgado-Bolton RC, Carreras JL and Pérez-Castejón MJ: A systematic review of the efficacy of F-18-FDG PET in unknown primary tumors. Curr Med Imaging Rev. 2:215–225. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Boellaard R, O'Doherty MJ, Weber WA, et al: FDG PET and PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for tumour PET imaging: Version 1.0. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 37:181–200. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Delbeke D, Coleman RE, Guiberteau MJ, Brown ML, Royal HD, Siegel BA, Townsend DW, Berland LL, Parker JA, Hubner K, et al: Procedure guideline for tumor imaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT 1.0. J Nucl Med. 47:885–895. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

25 

Boellaard R, Delgado-Bolton R, Oyen WJ, Giammarile F, Tatsch K, Eschner W, Verzijlbergen FJ, Barrington SF, Pike LC, Weber WA, et al: European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM): FDG PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for tumour imaging: Version 2.0. Eur J Nuclear Med Mol Imaging. 42:328–354. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

de Geus-Oei LF, van Laarhoven HW, Visser EP, Hermsen R, van Hoorn BA, Kamm YJ, Krabbe PF, Corstens FH, Punt CJ and Oyen WJ: Chemotherapy response evaluation with FDG-PET inpatients with colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol. 19:348–352. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Tan MC, Linehan DC, Hawkins WG, Siegel BA and Strasberg SM: Chemotherapy-induced normalization of FDG uptake by colorectal liver metastases does not usually indicate complete pathologic response. J Gastrointest Surg. 11:1112–1119. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Calabria F, Rubello D and Schillaci O: The optimal timing to perform 18F/11C-choline PET/CT in patients with suspicion of relapse of prostate cancer: Trigger PSA versus PSA velocity and PSA doubling time. Int J Biol Markers. 29:e423–e430. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chiaravalloti A, Fiorentini A, Palombo E, Rinino D, Lacanfora A, Danieli R, Di Russo C, Di Biagio D, Squillaci E, Schillaci O, Schillaci O, et al: Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection. Oncol Lett 12: 4209-4213, 2016.
APA
Chiaravalloti, A., Fiorentini, A., Palombo, E., Rinino, D., Lacanfora, A., Danieli, R. ... Schillaci, O. (2016). Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection. Oncology Letters, 12, 4209-4213. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5143
MLA
Chiaravalloti, A., Fiorentini, A., Palombo, E., Rinino, D., Lacanfora, A., Danieli, R., Di Russo, C., Di Biagio, D., Squillaci, E., Schillaci, O."Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection". Oncology Letters 12.5 (2016): 4209-4213.
Chicago
Chiaravalloti, A., Fiorentini, A., Palombo, E., Rinino, D., Lacanfora, A., Danieli, R., Di Russo, C., Di Biagio, D., Squillaci, E., Schillaci, O."Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection". Oncology Letters 12, no. 5 (2016): 4209-4213. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5143
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chiaravalloti A, Fiorentini A, Palombo E, Rinino D, Lacanfora A, Danieli R, Di Russo C, Di Biagio D, Squillaci E, Schillaci O, Schillaci O, et al: Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection. Oncol Lett 12: 4209-4213, 2016.
APA
Chiaravalloti, A., Fiorentini, A., Palombo, E., Rinino, D., Lacanfora, A., Danieli, R. ... Schillaci, O. (2016). Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection. Oncology Letters, 12, 4209-4213. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5143
MLA
Chiaravalloti, A., Fiorentini, A., Palombo, E., Rinino, D., Lacanfora, A., Danieli, R., Di Russo, C., Di Biagio, D., Squillaci, E., Schillaci, O."Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection". Oncology Letters 12.5 (2016): 4209-4213.
Chicago
Chiaravalloti, A., Fiorentini, A., Palombo, E., Rinino, D., Lacanfora, A., Danieli, R., Di Russo, C., Di Biagio, D., Squillaci, E., Schillaci, O."Evaluation of recurrent disease in the re-staging of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT: Use of CEA and CA 19-9 in patient selection". Oncology Letters 12, no. 5 (2016): 4209-4213. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5143
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team